Abstract
Metallic clusters of between ten and a few thousand atoms offer the possibility to study the combined dynamics of electrons and ions in conditions that differ dramatically from those prevailing in bulk metal. During the last decade, clusters of simple metal atoms, such as sodium, have been the subject of both experimental and theoretical focus; quite robust features have emerged; for reviews see for instance [1,2]. Their electronic and optical properties are understood at first order in terms of the quantal arrangement of delocalized electrons (one per atom for alkali-metal clusters) moving in a mean field resulting from their mutual interaction and a smooth positive background ensuring neutrality. One sees a metal cluster as a mesoscopic Fermi liquid, the relevant parameter being the number of interacting fermions. This discrete feature leads to a shell structure just as in atoms and nuclei. The similarities between metal clusters and atomic nuclei are indeed striking, the most spectacular one being the occurrence of ground state deformations, the spherical symmetry being broken as a result of an unfilled upper electronic shell. It is the electrons, not the ions, that regulate the variations in shape and stability.
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Guet, C., Plagne, L. (1999). Electron Dynamics in Metal Clusters. In: Jellinek, J. (eds) Theory of Atomic and Molecular Clusters. Springer Series in Cluster Physics. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-58389-6_9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-58389-6_9
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