Editor’s Introduction

Abstract

For decades, assessment has been recognized as a key feature in learning efficacy, especially through formative evaluation. But, for decades too, users have been deceived by educational assessments from many respects.

He who knows and knows that he knows is wise — fottow him

He who knows not and knows not that he knows not is afool — shun him

He who knows not and knows that he knows not is a child — teach him

He who knows and knows not that he knows is asleep — awaken him

Arab proverb