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Two New Approaches to Language Modeling: A Tutorial

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Speech Recognition and Coding

Part of the book series: NATO ASI Series ((NATO ASI F,volume 147))

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Abstract

This paper contains an outline of two attempts at the development of language modeling methods superior to the usual trigram approach. We will present no proofs, and instead treat the topic from a completely heuristic point of view. These methods were developed by members of the IBM Continuous Speech Recognition Group, mainly by L.R. Bahl, RF. Brown, S.A. Della Pietra, V.J. Della Pietra, P.V. deSouza, R.L. Mercer, and S. Roukos.

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References

  1. L.R. Bahl, P.F. Brown, RV. de Souza, and R.L. Mercer: “A tree-based language model for natural language speech recognition”, IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, 37: pp. 1001–1008, July 1989.

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  2. RF. Brown, S.A. Della Pietra, VJ. Della Pietra, R.L. Mercer, and P.S. Resnik: “Language modeling using decision trees”, an IBM Research Report, 1991.

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  3. P.F. Brown, VJ. Della Pietra, P.V. deSouza, J.C. Lai, and R.L. Mercer: “Class-based ngram models of natural language”, Computational Linguistics, Vol. 18, No.4, pp. 467–480, December 1992.

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  4. S. Kullback: Information Theory and Statistics, Wiley, New York1959

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  5. J.N. Darroch and D. Ratcliff: “Generalized iterative scaling for log-linear models”, The Annals of Mathematical Statistics, Vol 43, pp. 1470–1480, 1972.

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  6. I. Csiszar and G. Longo: “Information geometry and alternating minimization procedures,” Statistics and Decisions, Supplement Issue 1: pp. 205–237, 1984

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  7. S.A. Della Pietra and VJ. Della Pietra: “Statistical modeling using maximum entropy”, Workshop on computer vision, Isaac Newton Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Cambridge, UK, October 18-22, 1993. Also, forthcoming IBM report.

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© 1995 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Jelinek, F. (1995). Two New Approaches to Language Modeling: A Tutorial. In: Ayuso, A.J.R., Soler, J.M.L. (eds) Speech Recognition and Coding. NATO ASI Series, vol 147. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57745-1_30

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57745-1_30

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-63344-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-57745-1

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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