Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the 5th frequent malignant tumor in women. Because of its overall poor prognosis at the time of detection, it is one of the most frequent causes of cancer-associated death in women. Epithelial ovarian cancers rank fifth of the overall mortality statistics in Western Europe and the United States. Only 20% of all ovarian cancers are classified as borderline tumors with low malignancy potential. The mean incidence of ovarian cancer is 13/ 100 000 per year, showing a clear age dependency. In 40-year-old women the incidence is around 15/100000, whereas it is 55/100 000 in 75-year-old women. More than 90% of all ovarian tumors belong to the sporadic form with unknown etiology. In hereditary ovarian cancer at least two first-degree relatives are affected. It is important to differentiate between hereditary ovarian cancer and families with ovarian and breast cancer. The latter are associated in more than 90% with a mutation of the BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene. In addition to genetic risk factors, old age, early menarche, late menopause, nullipara and white race are associated with an increased risk for ovarian cancer. Births, breast feeding and the use of oral contraceptives are known to be protective with respect to ovarian cancer.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Bauknecht T (1998) Neue therapeutische Ansätze inklusive Gentherapie. Onkologe 4:1159–1167
Baum RP, Niesen A, Schröder O, Adams S, Hertel A, Osterloh M, Hör G (1998) A prospective evaluation of whole-body FDG-PET, CT scan, and immunoscintigraphy in the detection of ovarian carcinoma recurrence. Eur J Nucl Med 25:942 (abstr.)
Burke W, Daly M, Garber J, Botkin J, Kahn MJE, Lynch P, McTiernan A, Offit K, Perlman J, Petersen G, Thomson E, Varricchio C (1997) Recommendations for follow-up care of individuals with an inherited predisposition to cancer. JAMA 277:997–1003
Casey MJ, Gupta NC, Muths CK (1994) Experience with positron emission tomography (PET) scans in patients with ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol 53:331–338
Fenchel S, Kotzerke J, Stöhr I, Grab D, Nüssle K, Rieber A, Kreienberg R, Brambs HJ, Reske SN (1999) Preoperative assessment of asymptomatic adnexal masses by positron emission tomography and F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose. Nuklearmedizin 38:101–107
Granowska M, Mather SJ, Britton KE (1991) Diagnostic evaluation of LilIn and 99mTc radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies in ovarian and colorectal cancer: correlations with surgery. Nucl Med Biol 18:413–424
Holdeman KP, McIntosh DG, Smith ML, Matamoros A, Sunderland J, Harrison KA, Dalrymple GV (1994) PET imaging of ovarian cancer prior to second look laparatomy. J Nucl Med 35:117P (abstr)
Hübner KF, McDonald TW, Niethammer JG, Smith GT, Gould HR, Buonocore E (1993) Assessment of primary and metastatic ovarian cancer by positron emission tomography (PET using 2-[18F]deoxyglucose (2-[18F]FDG). Gynecol Oncol 51:197–204
Juweid M, Sharkey RM, Alavi A, Swayne LC, Herskovic T, Hanley D, Rubin AD, Pereira M, Goldenberg DM (1997) Regression of advanced refractory ovarian cancer treated with iodine-131-labeled anti-CEA monoclonal antibody. J Nucl Med 38:257–260
Karlan BY (1995) Screening for ovarian cancer: what are the optimal surrogate endpoints for clinical trials? J Cell Biochem Suppl 23:227–232
Karlan BY, Hawkins R, Hoh C, Lee M, Tse N, Cane P, Glaspy J (1993) Whole-body positron emission tomography with 2-[18F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose can detect recurrent ovarian carcinoma. Gynecol Oncol 51:175–181
Konsensus - Onko-PET (1997) Ergebnisse der 2. interdisziplinären Konsensuskonferenz im Ulm, 12.9.97; veröffentlicht in Nuklearmedizin 36:45–46
Krag DN (1993) Clinical utility of immunoscintigraphy in managing ovarian cancer. J Nucl Med 34:545–548
Lapela M, Leskinen-Kallio S, Varpula M, Grenman S, Salmi T, Alanen K, Nagren K, Lehikoinen P, Ruotsalainen U, Teras M, Joensuu H (1995) Metabolic imaging of ovarian tumors with carbon-11-methionine: a PET study. J Nucl Med 36:2196–2200
Liu RS, Yuan CC, Chang CP, Chou KL, Chang CW, Ng HT, Yeh SH (1998) Positron emission tomography (PET) with [C-11] acetate (ACE) in detecting malignant gynecologic tumors. Eur J Nucl Med 25:963 (abstr)
Meerpohl HG, du Bois A (1998) Primäre Chemotherapie. Onkologe 4:1131–1139
Römer W, Avril N, Dode J, Ziegler S, Kuhn W, Herz M, Janicke F, Schwaiger M (1997) Metabolische Charakterisierung von Ovarialtumoren mit der Positronen-EmissionsTomographie und F-18-Fluorodeoxyglukose. Fortschr Geb Röntgenstr Neuen Bildgeb Verfahr 166:62–68
Runnebaum IB, Mollenkopf A, Kreienberg R, Meerpohl HG (1998) Epidemiologische und molekulargenetische Risikofaktoren beim Ovarialkarzinom. Onkologe 4:1096–1100
Schelbert HR, Hoh CK, Royal HD, Brown M, Dahlbom MN, Dehdashti F, Wahl RL (1998) Procedure guideline for tumor imaging using fluorine-18-FDG. J Nucl Med 39:1302–1305
UICC: TNM-Klassifikation maligner Tumoren, 4. Aufl., 2. Revision 1992. Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg, 1993
Wagner G, Hermanek P (1995) Organspezifische Tumordokumentation, Prinzipien und Verschlüsselungsanweisungen für Klinik und Praxis. Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg
World Health Organization: International histological classification of tumors, histological typing of ovarian tumors. Genf 1973
Zimny M, Schröder W, Wolters S, Cremerius U, Rath W, Büll U (1997) 18F-Fluorodeoxyglukose PET beim Ovarialkarzinom: Methodik und erste Ergebnisse. Nuklearmedizin 36:228–233
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2000 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Grünwald, F., Grünwald, B., Lucignani, G. (2000). Ovarian cancer. In: Wieler, H.J., Coleman, R.E. (eds) PET in Clinical Oncology. Steinkopff, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57703-1_29
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57703-1_29
Publisher Name: Steinkopff, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-63329-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-57703-1
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive