Skip to main content

Part of the book series: Contributions to Economics ((CE))

Abstract

In this chapter we will present a classification of models of social security to help us develop a framework for the analysis of recent changes in European social security systems. To that end we will first, in section 2, give a brief survey of some historical roots of social security systems in the countries of Europe. We will also present a classification of social security models, as developed in the early 1990s. In section 3, subsequently, we will attempt to define some of the main dimensions of change in social security since then. In both section 2 and section 3 we will also touch on European integration, and its consequences for the development of social security in the European Union countries.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. See for instance: P.A. Köhler and H.F. Zacher (Eds.), The evolution of social insurance, 1881–1981. Studies of Germany, France, Great Britain, Austria and Switzerland, London, New York 1982.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Cf. J.M. Roebroek, The imprisoned state. The paradoxical relationship between state and society (Tilburg 1993), p. 33–40.

    Google Scholar 

  3. See, for the view of an influential economist in the beginning of the 20th century on the development of social insurances: F. Pennings, ‘Is Schmoller’s view on the principles of social security still relevant in present debates on the future of social security?’, in: J.G. Backhaus (Ed.), Essays on social security and taxation. Gustav von Schmoller and Adolph Wagner reconsidered (Marburg 1997), p. 595–616.

    Google Scholar 

  4. A.I. Ogus, ‘Great Britain’, in: Köhler and Zacher, The evolution of social insurance, 1881–1981, p. 183.

    Google Scholar 

  5. M. Bruce, The coming of the welfare state (London 1961), p. 200.

    Google Scholar 

  6. A. Deacon, In search of the scrounger (London 1976), p. 10.

    Google Scholar 

  7. W.H. Beveridge, Social insurance and allied services, London 1942. See also:

    Google Scholar 

  8. W.H. Beveridge, The pillars of security and other war-time essays and addresses, London 1943. See also:

    Google Scholar 

  9. F.J.L. Pennings, Benefits of Doubt. A comparative study of the legal aspects of employment and unemployment schemes in Great Britain, Germany, France and The Netherlands, Deventer 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  10. The model is derived from M. Einerhand et al., Sociale zekerheid: stelsels en regelingen in enkele Europese landen [Social security: systems and regulations in some European countries] (The Hague 1995), p. 28. The scheme was originally published in Dutch as Model Bismarck en Beveridge (Model Bismarck and Beveridge). Some adjustments have been made.

    Google Scholar 

  11. J. Walley, Social security: another British failure?, London 1972.

    Google Scholar 

  12. The large European market generates cooperation and mergers of enterprises and also a greater mobility of companies or their component parts. There is evidence that cross border flows of capital and the exchange of technology have increased markedly over the past decades and that total inward and outward foreign direct investments in the European Union have risen. The international trade in goods and services has also shown an increasing trend. However, in Europe import- and export-to-GDP ratios are more or less constant. The increasing shares of intra-EU trade imply trade diversion/substitution from extra-EU trade. The internationalisation of the economies is not global, in fact internationalisation is mainly régionalisation: the data show an increasing interdependence of European economies. Cf. B. van Aarle, Essays on monetary and fiscal policy interaction. Applications to EMU and Eastern Europe (Tilburg 1996), p. 129;

    Google Scholar 

  13. L. Delsen and E. de Jong, ‘Germany and The Netherlands: Who follows whom?’, in: L. Delsen and E. de Jong (Eds.), The German and Dutch economies: Who follows whom? (Heidelberg 1998), p. 8–10.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  14. Einerhand et al., Sociale zekerheid: stelsels en regelingen in enkele Europe landen, p. 30. The scheme was originally published in Dutch as Aspecten van modellen van sociale politiek [Aspects of models of social policy]. Numbers 1–11 and element no. 12 were added.

    Google Scholar 

  15. ‘Council Recommendation of 24 June 1992 on common criteria concerning sufficient resources, social assistance in social protection systems (92/441 /EEC)’, in: Official Journal of the European Communities, L245 (August 26th, 1992), p. 46 (5) and 47–48 (I, A; I, B2; I, C1 sub a and sub c); ‘Council Recommendation of 27 July 1992 on the convergence of social protection objectives and policies (92/442/ EEC)’, in: Official Journal of the European Communities, L245 (August 26th, 1992), p. 50 (I, A, sub 1 (d)).

    Google Scholar 

  16. H.G. Mosley, ‘The social dimension of European integration’, in: International Labour Review, 129 (1990), no. 2, p. 147.

    Google Scholar 

  17. J. Muysken and C. de Neubourg, ‘Hoe sociaal is de EG? Het sociaal beleid’ [How social is the EC? Its social policy]’, in: J. Muysken and L.L.G. Soete, Maastricht 1991 kritisch beschouwd. Preadviezen van de Koninklijke Vereniging voor de Staathuishoudkunde 1993 [Maastricht 1991: a critical review. Preliminary reports of the Royal Society for Economy 1993], Utrecht 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  18. A.M. Lejour, Integration of disintegrating welfare states? A qualitative study to the consequences of economic integration on social insurance, Tilburg 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  19. J. Vinals and J.F. Jimeno, Monetary union and European unemployment, London 1996. Discussion paper series, no. 1485.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2000 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Delsen, L., van Gestel, N., Pennings, F. (2000). Introduction: Changes in European social security. In: van Vugt, J.P.A., et al. Social Security and Solidarity in the European Union. Contributions to Economics. Physica, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57676-8_1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57676-8_1

  • Publisher Name: Physica, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-7908-1334-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-57676-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics