Zusammenfassung
In den Staaten der Europäischen Gemeinschaft treten jährlich etwa 1,5 Millionen Neuerkrankungen von malignen Tumoren auf und etwa 850 000 Patienten versterben an ihrem Tumorleiden [13]. Das Skelettsystem stellt nach der Lunge und der Leber das dritthäufigste Zielorgan für eine Metastasierung eines primären extraossären malignen Tumors dar [2, 13, 21]. Prinzipiell kann jeder maligne Tumor in den Knochen metastasieren, aber Karzinome der Mamma, der Prostata, der Lunge, der Niere und der Schilddrüse zeigen eine besondere Affinität zum Skelett (Osteotropismus) und verursachen mehr als 80% der Knochenmetastasen. Legt man Ergebnisse von Autopsieserien zugrunde, dann sind etwa 70-85% aller Frauen, die an einem metastasierenden Mammakarzinom versterben, von knöchernen Metastasen betroffen [6]. In Deutschland sind jährlich ca. 20000-25 000 Patientinnen mit einem Mammakarzinom wegen ossären Komplikationen behandlungsbedürftig [24]. Wegen des hohen Auftretens und dem relativ langen Krankheitsverlauf des Mamma- und Prostatakarzinoms [3, 20, 25] stellen Knochenmetastasen dieser Primärtumoren ein großes therapeutisches Problem dar. Etwa Zweidrittel aller Patienten mit einem Mammakarzinom werden eine Wirbelsäulenfraktur oder eine Fraktur eines langen Röhrenknochens erleiden [5, 12]
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Kurth, A.A. (2001). Bewahrung der Knochenqualität in Tumorosteolysen durch Bisphosphonate. In: Kurth, A.A., Hovy, L., Hennigs, T. (eds) Bisphosphonattherapie von Knochenerkrankungen. Steinkopff, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57626-3_3
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