Zusammenfassung
In den letzten zwei Dekaden veränderte sich das weltwirtschaftliche Umfeld für die Wirtschaft in Deutschland rasant. Die drei großen dominierenden Wirtschaftsräume der Weltwirtschaft (USA, EU, Japan) stehen zueinander in einem wachsenden Standortwettbewerb um Kapital und Beschäftigungsmöglichkeiten. Zugleich sehen sie sich dabei einer wachsenden Konkurrenz aus anderen Regionen der Erde, den NIEs (newly industrializing economies) Asiens sowie Lateinamerikas, gegenüber, die sich intensiv bemühen zu den führenden OECD-Ländern aufzuschließen. Durch eine Kombination aus niedrigen Löhnen und Steuern und geringer Regelungsdichte bieten sie insbesondere auch ausländischen Investoren attraktive Anreizsysteme diese komparativen Vorteile für sich zu nutzen. Dabei spielen sowohl die Möglichkeiten zum Export der dort zu niedrigen Kosten hergestellten Produkte in die OECD-Länder als auch die durch die aufholende Entwicklung sich rasch entwickelnde Binnennachfrage dieser Länder (z.B. VR China, Asean-Region, Indien, Mercusur, etc.) ein Umfeld, das hohe Gewinnerwartungen schafft und damit Investoren aus den entwickelten OECD-Ländern anlockt. Auf Güter-, Arbeits-und insbesondere Kapitalmärkten findet eine rasch weiter zunehmende Integration durch vielfältige wechselseitige Verflechtungen mit den Wirtschaftsräumen der OECD-Länder statt.
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Erber, G. (2003). Wachstum und Beschäftigung in Deutschland: Probleme und Politikoptionen. In: Gries, T., Jungmittag, A., Welfens, P.J.J. (eds) Neue Wachstums- und Innovationspolitik in Deutschland und Europa. Wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Beiträge, vol 189. Physica, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57395-8_6
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