Abstract
The nose is part of the upper portion of the upper respiratory tract and is divided into the external nose and the nasal cavity, from which the paranasal sinuses originate and extend. The external nose is that portion of the nose that emerges from the face, and it is formed by an osteocartilaginous skeleton based on the frontal processes, maxillary palatines and nasal bones. The cartilaginous portion is formed by two pairs of large cartilage pieces (the superior and inferior lateral cartilages) and a variable number of smaller or accessory cartilages. These pieces of cartilage are attached to the nasal septal cartilage at each side of the median sagittal plane (Fig. 2.1). The arrangement of these anatomical elements keeps the air pathway open at the aditus or nasal vestibules, which are externally seen as the nostrils. Differences in nasal shapes depend on the nasal contours, which are determined externally by the root, spine and nasal apex. The entrance of the nostril usually has an oval shape, and in this region, there are several vibrissae, described as small hairs with tactile and protective functions for the nose vestibule.
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Navarro, J.A.C. (2000). Surgical Anatomy of the Nose, Paranasal Sinuses, and Pterygopalatine Fossa. In: Stamm, A.C., Draf, W. (eds) Micro-endoscopic Surgery of the Paranasal Sinuses and the Skull Base. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57153-4_2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57153-4_2
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