Zusammenfassung
Die chronischen Herzklappenfehler sind heute in hochentwickelten Ländern überwiegend kongenitalen oder degenerativen Ursprungs und zunehmend seltener Folge des rheumatischen Fiebers. Häufigstes Vitium ist die Aortenstenose, die im Vergleich zur Aorteninsuffizienz und den reinen Mitralvitien eine schnellere Progredienz zeigt. Das Fortschreiten der Klappenerkrankungen ist variabel und im Einzelfall nicht voraussehbar. Daher sind regelmäßige Kontrollen in Abhängigkeit von Ursache, Symptomen, Status des linken Ventrikels und Begleiterkrankungen notwendig. Der natürliche Verlauf der wichtigsten vier Herzklappenvitien nach Rapaport ist in Abb. 11.1-1 dargestellt [1].
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Ertl, G. et al. (2000). Spezielle Diagnostik (Szenarien). In: Hess, O.M., Simon, R.W.R. (eds) Herzkatheter. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56967-8_11
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