Zusammenfassung
Die Regulation des Energiestoffwechsels ist ein komplexes Wechselspiel zwischen Hormonen, exogenen Nährstoffen und dem Austausch von Substraten mit dem Ziel, eine konstante und ausreichende Versorgung aller Organe des Körpers sicherzustellen. Insulin steuert sowohl in der Resorptions- wie in der Postresorptionsphase als Schlüsselhormon den Austausch und die Verteilung von Substraten. Glukagon, Cortisol, Katecholamine und das Wachstumshormon spielen eine wesentliche Rolle für den Energiestoffwechsel in Zeiten eines akuten Glukosebedarfs wie er bei Arbeitsbelastung, im Stress oder als Reaktion auf eine Hypoglykämie vorkommt. Wichtigste Organe für die Aufrechterhaltung der Energiehomöostase sind die Leber und die Niere aufgrund ihrer besonderen Fähigkeit, Glukose zu produzieren; das Gehirn, da es von Glukose als seinem wesentlichen Energiesubstrat abhängig ist; die Muskulatur und das Fettgewebe aufgrund ihrer Fähigkeit, auf Insulin zu reagieren und Glukose in Form von Glykogen und Fett zu speichern.
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Brado, M. et al. (2001). Glukose. In: Nawroth, P.P., Ziegler, R. (eds) Klinische Endokrinologie und Stoffwechsel. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56784-1_16
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