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Cholelithiasis

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Controversies in Surgery

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Abstract

Gallstones are a major cause of morbidity. Over the past two decades, extensive progress has been achieved in the understanding, diagnosis, and treatment of gallstones and gallbladder disease. Long-lived studies such as oral cholecystography and intravenous cholangiography have been replaced by ultrasonography of the gallbladder, HIDA scintigraphy, and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) of the bile ducts. The decades-long supremacy of open surgical cholecystectomy for gallstones and gallbladder disease was challenged by gallstone-dissolution techniques and shock-wave lithotripsy and has now been replaced by laparoscopic cholecystectomy. With the modern approach new questions arise regarding the pathogenesis and risk factors of cholelithiasis, the management of incidental and asymptomatic gallstones, the correct order of procedures when choledocholithiasis is suspected, and the indications for intraoperative cholangiography.

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  1. Samuel Eldar
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  2. Ibrahim Matter
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Eldar, S., Matter, I., Haglund, U., Rasmussen, I., Fromm, D. (2001). Cholelithiasis. In: Controversies in Surgery. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56777-3_5

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