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Somatic Hybridization Between Nicotiana tabacum L. (Tobacco) and Atropa belladonna L. (Deadly Nightshade)

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Somatic Hybridization in Crop Improvement II

Part of the book series: Biotechnology in Agriculture and Forestry ((AGRICULTURE,volume 49))

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Abstract

Somatic hybridization based on protoplast fusion appeared as an alternative to sexual hybridization of higher plants. The term was proposed by (1974). Numerous experiments on somatic hybridization have been carried out using Nicotiana species (Gleba and Sytnik 1984; Negrutiu et al. 1989; Bates 1992; Puite 1992). The genus Nicotiana belongs to the Solanaceae family and includes about 70 species showing significant genetic and morphological variability (Goodspeed 1954). The most important species is N. tabacum L., or tobacco, cultivated widely as a source for the tobacco industry. N. tabacum (2n=48) originated from Central and South America (Darlington and Wylie 1955) but is now unknown in the wild. Different varieties of tobacco display strong vigor of stems possessing simply organized large leaves covered by abundant trichomes. Determinate inflorescences contain about 60–100 pink flowers, which after self- or cross-pollination develop capsules full of small brown seeds. Due to these characteristics, which allow easy propagation and manipulation with cells and tissues in vitro, tobacco became a convenient model species for plant cell- and genetic engineering. The success of wholeplant regeneration from cultivated tobacco protoplasts (Takebe et al. 1971) further provided basis for the generation of hybrids by protoplast fusions. First somatic hybrids were produced in interspecific Nicotiana combinations (Carlson et al. 1972; Melchers and Labib 1974; Gleba et al. 1975; Kameya 1975).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Cell Biology and Genetic Engineering, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Zabolotnogo Str. 148, 252022, Kiev, Ukraine

    M. K. Zubko, E. I. Zubko, O. A. Khvedynich, S. V. Lopato & Yu. Yu. Gleba

  2. Institute of Genetics, Moldovian Academy of Sciences, Lesnaya Str. 20, 277018, Kishinev, Moldova

    S. A. Latipov

  3. School of Biological Sciences, Manchester University, 3.614 Stopford Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK

    M. K. Zubko

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  1. Departmentof Biological Sciences, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Science, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan

    Toshiyuki Nagata

  2. New Delhi, India

    Y. P. S. Bajaj

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Zubko, M.K., Zubko, E.I., Khvedynich, O.A., Lopato, S.V., Latipov, S.A., Gleba, Y.Y. (2001). Somatic Hybridization Between Nicotiana tabacum L. (Tobacco) and Atropa belladonna L. (Deadly Nightshade). In: Nagata, T., Bajaj, Y.P.S. (eds) Somatic Hybridization in Crop Improvement II. Biotechnology in Agriculture and Forestry, vol 49. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56758-2_21

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