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Vegetatives Nervensystem bei Vertebraten und Invertebraten

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Neurowissenschaft

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Zusammenfassung

Alle Organismen agieren in der Umwelt mit ihrer Skelettmuskulatur, die vom somatosensorischen und motorischen System gesteuert wird. Programme und Strategien für diese Steuerung sind bei Wirbeltieren in Rückenmark, Hirnstamm, Hypothalamus und Großhirn repräsentiert. Meldungen aus der Umwelt erhält das ZNS über die verschiedenen sensorischen Systeme. Diese motorischen Aktivitäten sind nur möglich, wenn die inneren Bedingungen im Körper, das sog. innere Milieu, in engen Grenzen konstant bleiben und die Versorgung der Organe mit Sauerstoff und Nährstoffen in jedem Moment gewährleistet ist. Der Gleichgewichtszustand, der bei der Konstanthaltung des inneren Milieus eintritt, wird als Homöostase bezeichnet. Die Prozesse der Anpassung der Organe sind integrative Funktionen der vegetativen und neuroendokrinen Systeme und werden vom ZNS aktiv ausgelöst [2, 24]. Die peripheren Korrelate der präzisen vegetativen Regulationen sind bei Wirbeltieren die funktionell verschiedenen vegetativen motorischen Endstrecken des Sympathikus und Parasympathikus und das Darmnervensystem.

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Authors
  1. W. Jänig
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  2. P. Bräunig
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Physiologisches Institut der TU München, Biedersteiner Str. 29, D-80802, München, Germany

    Josef Dudel

  2. FB Biologie — Chemie — Pharmazie Institut für Biologie AG Neurobiologie, FU Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 28-30, D-14195, Berlin, Germany

    Randolf Menzel

  3. Physiologisches Institut der Universität, Röntgenring 9, D-97070, Würzburg, Germany

    Robert F. Schmidt

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© 2001 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Jänig, W., Bräunig, P. (2001). Vegetatives Nervensystem bei Vertebraten und Invertebraten. In: Dudel, J., Menzel, R., Schmidt, R.F. (eds) Neurowissenschaft. Springer-Lehrbuch. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56497-0_9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56497-0_9

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-62534-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-56497-0

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