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Introduction

  • Chapter
Organic Electronic Materials

Part of the book series: Springer Series in Materials Science ((SSMATERIALS,volume 41))

Abstract

The second part of this book is devoted to low molecular weight organic solids with emphasis on the relations between their material properties and their electrical, optical and optoelectronic properties. Among the wide variety of organic compounds described in the literature only those which display photoconductivity or semiconductivity will be considered. Photoconductivity for visible or near ultraviolet light or (dark) semiconductivity requires energy levels for electrons and holes that can be populated by light of ca. 1 e V to several e V photon energy or through thermal excitation by energies of a few kBT, provided by the ambient temperature, respectively (note that kBT = 25 meV at room temperature). In addition, a certain degree of intermolecular interaction is necessary to allow local transfer of a charge carrier to a neighboring molecule to occur, leading to incoherent hopping transport, or a delocalized coherent spreading out across several molecules, depending on temperature and interaction strength. Such conditions are met by organic molecules which carry carbon 2pz electronic wavefunctions, most suitably in conjugated 7r-electron systems, when positioned at not too large intermolecular distances (see Fig. 6.1). Examples are solids of derivatives of ethylene, butadiene, hexatriene and other oligoenes, acetylenes, and aromatic as well as heteroaromatic molecules, deriving from the benzene ring. Some representatives with strong optical absorption in the visible (1.5–3 eV) and high stability are mass products, used technically as pigment dyes.

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  1. 3. Institute of Physics, University of Stuttgart, 70550, Stuttgart, Germany

    N. Karl

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  1. INFM and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, Piazza Torricelli 2, 56126, Pisa, Italy

    Riccardo Farchioni  & Giuseppe Grosso  & 

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Karl, N. (2001). Introduction. In: Farchioni, R., Grosso, G. (eds) Organic Electronic Materials. Springer Series in Materials Science, vol 41. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56425-3_6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56425-3_6

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