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Principles of Physics of Stereotactic Radiosurgery

  • Chapter
Combined Modality Therapy of Central Nervous System Tumors

Part of the book series: Medical Radiology ((Med Radiol Radiat Oncol))

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Abstract

Stereotactic radiosurgery was first introduced by Leksell in 1951 as an application of precise delivery of a single high dose of photon irradiation to destroy an intracranial lesion (Leksell 1951). Leksell initially proposed radiosurgery as a noninvasive method for functional neurosurgery, directed at small lesions of only a few millimeters. The method initially used many collimated 300-kV stationary X-ray beams convergent on a common focus (Leksell 1971a,b,c). He and his colleagues experimented with different types of radiation. In the late1960s, Leksell developed the first gamma knife, using collimated Co-60 beams to deliver radiation to a common focus (Leksell 1968,1983). The success of this first unit led to the construction of a second unit at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, Sweden in 1975. The second gamma knife containing 179 Co-60 sources was designed to produce spherical dose distribution to treat brain tumors and intracranial arteriovenous malformations.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Southern California School of Medicine, 1441 Eastlake Avenue, Room G350, Los Angeles, CA, 90033-0804, USA

    C. Yu (Assistant Professor)

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine 1441 Eastlake Avenue, Room G356, Los Angeles, CA, 90033-0804, USA

    Zbigniew Petrovich MD, FACR (Professor and Chairman) (Professor and Chairman)

  2. Department of Radiation Oncology, Hahnemann University Hospital, Broad & Vine Sts., Mail Stop 200, Philadelphia, PA, 19102, USA

    Luther W. Brady MD (Hylda Cohn/ American Cancer Society Professor of Clinical Oncology and Professor) (Hylda Cohn/ American Cancer Society Professor of Clinical Oncology and Professor)

  3. Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA

    Michael L. J. Apuzzo MD (Edwin M. Todd/Trent H. Wells, Jr. Professor of Neurological Surgery and Professor of Radiation Oncology) (Edwin M. Todd/Trent H. Wells, Jr. Professor of Neurological Surgery and Professor of Radiation Oncology)

  4. Department of Radiotherapy, Eberhard-Karls-Universität, Hoppe-Seyler-Strasse 3, 72076, Tübingen, Germany

    Michael Bamberg MD

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Yu, C. (2003). Principles of Physics of Stereotactic Radiosurgery. In: Petrovich, Z., Brady, L.W., Apuzzo, M.L.J., Bamberg, M. (eds) Combined Modality Therapy of Central Nervous System Tumors. Medical Radiology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56411-6_6

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