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Entmarkungskrankheiten

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Neurologische Therapie

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Zusammenfassung

Die multiple Sklerose (MS) ist die häufigste entzündliche Erkrankung des zentralen Nervensystems und neben der Epilepsie die häufigste neurologische Erkrankung jüngerer Erwachsener (20.–40. Lebensjahr). In Mitteleuropa tritt die Erkrankung mit einer Prävalenz von 80–120:100000 auf, in Deutschland sollen nach Schätzungen mindestens 100 000 Personen an MS erkrankt sein. Frauen erkranken doppelt so häufig wie Männer. Bei etwa 70% der Patienten beginnt die MS mit einem schubförmigen Verlauf; bei 50–60% geht die Erkrankung innerhalb von 10 Jahren in einen sekundär chronisch progredienten Verlauf über. Bei etwa 15–20% der MS Patienten nimmt die Erkrankung einen primär chronisch progredienten Verlauf. Für die meisten dieser Patienten beginnt die Erkrankung im 5. Lebensjahrzehnt als Myelopathie. Die durchschnittliche Schubrate pro Jahr beträgt anfänglich 0,6 – 0,9; sie geht mit zunehmender Krankheitsdauer zurück. Im Durchschnitt sind mindestens 50% aller Patienten 15 Jahre nach Erkrankungsbeginn noch gehfähig, weniger als 10% sterben an einer Komplikation der Erkrankung (Weinshenker 1995).

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  1. Universitätsklinik für Neurologie, Karl-Franzens-Universität, Auenbruggerplatz 22, 8036, Graz, Österreich

    H.-P. Hartung (Prof. Dr.)

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  1. Neurologische Klinik, Universität Witten/Herdecke, Heusnerstr. 40, 44283, Wuppertal

    Johannes Jörg

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Hartung, HP. (2002). Entmarkungskrankheiten. In: Jörg, J. (eds) Neurologische Therapie. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56398-0_18

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