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UV Radiation and Arctic Freshwater Zooplankton

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UV Radiation and Arctic Ecosystems

Part of the book series: Ecological Studies ((ECOLSTUD,volume 153))

Abstract

Arctic freshwaters possess simple zooplankton communities.The high Arctic lakes and ponds are commonly inhabited by only a few species of rotifers, cladocerans and copepods. Dominant inhabitants of high Arctic zooplankton communities are first and foremost members of the circumpolar cladoceran species Daphnia pulex complex (Colbourne et al. 1998; Weider et al. 1999). Members of this complex are recorded in all kinds of habitats, from large ultraoligotrophic lakes to eutrophied (guanotrophic) coastal ponds with rather high salinity.They also inhabit marginal habitats like shallow (<50 cm deep) tundra ponds and tiny moraine ponds at the glacier front. In the harshest and shallowest habitats, representatives of this genus are commonly the only metazoan species present. Daphnia longispina commonly present at somewhat lower latitudes, only occasionally occur in the high Arctic, and then preferably in larger lakes. In addition Bosmina longirostris occur on Greenland (Roen 1962), while B. longispina commonly occur at high latitudes in Alaska (Williamson et al. 2001). The other cladocerans commonly present in the high Arctic are benthic or semibenthic species like Macrothrix hirsuticornis, Chydorus spaericus, Acroperus harpae and Alona guttata (Roen 1962; Halvorsen and Gullestad 1978; Husmann 1978). Representatives of the high Arctic copepods are the calanoids Euruthemora raboti, Diaptomus pribilofensis, Heterocope spp. Limnocalanus spp. as well as the cyclopoids Cyclops abyssorum and Diacyclops crassicaudatus (Roen 1962; Halvorsen and Gullestad 1978; Hobbie 1980; Kling et al. 1992). While not an exhaustive list of Arctic crustaceans, this points to a very limited number of common species. Subarctic areas, on the other hand, may have quite a high species diversity.

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    Dag O. Hessen

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Hessen, D.O. (2002). UV Radiation and Arctic Freshwater Zooplankton. In: Hessen, D.O. (eds) UV Radiation and Arctic Ecosystems. Ecological Studies, vol 153. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56075-0_8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56075-0_8

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