Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Products and Distinctions

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Mineral Trioxide Aggregate in Dentistry

Abstract

A summary is given of the known compositions and properties for MTA-type products, both commercial and experimental. Comparisons are made of the phases, particle sizes, and other attributes such as setting time or radiopacity. MTA-type materials used for root canal sealers are included.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 119.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Aguilar FG, Garcia Lda F, Rossetto HL, Pardini LC, Pires-de-Souza Fde C. Radiopacity evaluation of calcium aluminate cement containing different radiopacifying agents. J Endod. 2011;37(1):67–71.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Aguilar FG, Roberti Garcia LF, Panzeri Pires-de-Souza FC. Biocompatibility of new calcium aluminate cement (EndoBinder). J Endod. 2012;38(3):367–71.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Appelbaum KS, Stewart JT, Hartwell GR. Effect of sodium fluorosilicate on the properties of portland cement. J Endod. 2012;38(7):1001–3.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Asgary S, Eghbal MJ. A clinical trial of pulpotomy vs. root canal therapy of mature molars. J Dent Res. 2010;89(10):1080–5.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Asgary S, Eghbal MJ, Ehsani S. Periradicular regeneration after endodontic surgery with calcium-enriched mixture cement in dogs. J Endod. 2010;36(5):837–41.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Asgary S, Eghbal MJ, Parirokh M. Sealing ability of a novel endodontic cement as a root-end filling material. J Biomed Mater Res A. 2008;87(3):706–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Asgary S, Eghbal MJ, Parirokh M, Ghoddusi J, Kheirieh S, Brink F. Comparison of mineral trioxide aggregate's composition with Portland cements and a new endodontic cement. J Endod. 2009;35(2):243–50.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Asgary S, Shahabi S, Jafarzadeh T, Amini S, Kheirieh S. The properties of a new endodontic material. J Endod. 2008;34(8):990–3.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Belobrov I, Parashos P. Treatment of tooth discoloration after the use of white mineral trioxide aggregate. J Endod. 2011;37(7):1017–20.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Ber B, Hatton J, Stewart G. Chemical modification of ProRoot MTA to improve handling characteristics and decrease setting time. J Endod. 2007;33(10):1231–4.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Bird DC, Komabayashi T, Guo L, Opperman LA, Spears R. In vitro evaluation of dentinal tubule penetration and biomineralization ability of a new root-end filling material. J Endod. 2012;38(8):1093–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Bortoluzzi EA, Araujo GS, Guerreiro Tanomaru JM, Tanomaru-Filho M. Marginal gingiva discoloration by gray MTA: a case report. J Endod. 2007;33(3):325–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Bortoluzzi EA, Broon NJ, Bramante CM, Felippe WT, Tanomaru Filho M, Esberard RM. The influence of calcium chloride on the setting time, solubility, disintegration, and pH of mineral trioxide aggregate and white Portland cement with a radiopacifier. J Endod. 2009;35(4):550–4.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Bortoluzzi EA, Broon NJ, Bramante CM, Garcia RB, de Moraes IG, Bernardineli N. Sealing ability of MTA and radiopaque Portland cement with or without calcium chloride for root-end filling. J Endod. 2006;32(9):897–900.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Camilleri J. Characterization and chemical activity of Portland cement and two experimental cements with potential for use in dentistry. Int Endod J. 2008;41(9):791–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Camilleri J. The biocompatibility of modified experimental Portland cement with potential for use in dentistry. Int Endod J. 2008;41:1107–14.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Camilleri J. Modification of MTA. Physical and mechanical properties. Int Endod J. 2008;41:843–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Camilleri J. The physical properties of accelerated Portland cement for endodontic use. Int Endod J. 2008;41(2):151–7.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Camilleri J. Evaluation of selected properties of mineral trioxide aggregate sealer cement. J Endod. 2009;35(10):1412–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Camilleri J. The sealing ability of modified experimental Portland cements with potential use in dentistry. Adv Cement Res. 2010;22:115–21.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Camilleri J. Characterization of modified calcium-silicate cements exposed to acidic environment. Mater Charact. 2011;62(1):70–5.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Camilleri J. Investigation of Biodentine as dentine replacement material. J Dent. 2013;41(7):600–10.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Camilleri J. Color stability of white mineral trioxide aggregate in contact with hypochlorite solution. J Endod. 2014;40(3):436–40.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Camilleri J, Cutajar A, Mallia B. Hydration characteristics of zirconium oxide replaced Portland cement for use as a root-end filling material. Dent Mater. 2011;27(8):845–54.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Camilleri J, Formosa L, Damidot D. The setting characteristics of MTA Plus in different environmental conditions. Int Endod J. 2013;46(9):831–40.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Camilleri J, Montesin FE, Di Silvio L, Pitt Ford TR. The constitution and biocompatibility of accelerated Portland cement for endodontic use. Int Endod J. 2005;38:834–42.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Candeiro GT, Correia FC, Duarte MA, Ribeiro-Siqueira DC, Gavini G. Evaluation of radiopacity, pH, release of calcium ions, and flow of a bioceramic root canal sealer. J Endod. 2012;38(6):842–5.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Charland T, Hartwell GR, Hirschberg C, Patel R. An evaluation of setting time of mineral trioxide aggregate and EndoSequence root repair material in the presence of human blood and minimal essential media. J Endod. 2013;39(8):1071–2.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Chen CC, Wang WC, Ding SJ. In vitro physiochemical properties of a biomimetic gelatin/chitosan oligosaccharide/calcium silicate cement. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater. 2010;95(2):456–65.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Chng H, Islam I, Yap A, Tong Y, Koh E. Properties of a new root-end filling material. J Endod. 2005;31(9):665–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Coomaraswamy K, Lumley P, Hofmann M. Effect of bismuth oxide radioopacifier content on the material properties of an endodontic Portland cement–based (MTA-like) system. J Endod. 2007;33(3):295–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. De Souza ET, Nunes Tameirao MD, Roter JM, De Assis JT, De Almeida Neves A, De-Deus GA. Tridimensional quantitative porosity characterization of three set calcium silicate-based repair cements for endodontic use. Microsc Res Tech. 2013;76(10):1093–8.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. De-Deus G, de Souza MCB, Sergio Fidel RA, Fidel SR, de Campos RC, Luna AS. Negligible expression of arsenic in some commercially available brands of Portland cement and mineral trioxide aggregate. J Endod. 2009;35(6):887–90.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Ding SJ, Kao CT, Shie MY, Hung Jr C, Huang TH. The physical and cytological properties of white MTA mixed with Na2HPO4 as an accelerant. J Endod. 2008;34(6):748–51.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Dreger LA, Felippe WT, Reyes-Carmona JF, Felippe GS, Bortoluzzi EA, Felippe MC. Mineral trioxide aggregate and Portland cement promote biomineralization in vivo. J Endod. 2012;38(3):324–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Dyanne de Souza Gomes W. MTA and calcium hydroxide as root canal filling materials in delayed replantation of monkey’s teeth. Proceedings from the 17th World Congress on Dental Traumatology: 19–22 Sept 2012, Rio de Janeiro. Braz J Dent Traumatol. 2012;(Special issue), p 110.

    Google Scholar 

  37. Eid AA, Gosier JL, Primus CM, Hammond BD, Susin LF, Pashley DH, et al. In vitro biocompatibility and oxidative stress profiles of different hydraulic calcium silicate cements. J Endod. 2014;40(2):255–60. Epub 2013 Aug 31.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Eid AA, Niu LN, Primus CM, Opperman LA, Pashley DH, Watanabe I, et al. In vitro osteogenic/dentinogenic potential of an experimental calcium aluminosilicate cement. J Endod. 2013;39(9):1161–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Faria-Junior NB, Tanomaru-Filho M, Berbert FL, Guerreiro-Tanomaru JM. Antibiofilm activity, pH and solubility of endodontic sealers. Int Endod J. 2013;46(8):755–62.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Formosa LM, Mallia B, Camilleri J. The chemical properties of light- and chemical-curing composites with mineral trioxide aggregate filler. Dent Mater. 2013;29(2):e11–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Froughreyhani M, Milani AS, Barakatein B, Shiezadeh V. Treatment of strip perforation using Root MTA: a case report. Iran Endod J. 2013;8(2):80–3.

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Gandolfi MG, Pagani S, Perut F, Ciapetti G, Baldini N, Mongiorgi R, et al. Innovative silicate-based cements for endodontics: a study of osteoblast-like cell response. J Biomed Mater Res A. 2008;87(2):477–86.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Gandolfi M, Perut F, Ciapetti G, Mongiorgi R, Prati C. New Portland cement–based materials for endodontics mixed with Articaine solution: a study of cellular response. J Endod. 2008;34(1):39–44.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Gandolfi MG, Siboni F, Prati C. Chemical-physical properties of TheraCal, a novel light-curable MTA-like material for pulp capping. Int Endod J. 2012;45(6):571–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Gandolfi M, Silvia F, Pashley David H, Gasparotto G, Carlo P. Calcium silicate coating derived from Portland cement as treatment for hypersensitive dentine. J Dent. 2008;36(8):565–78.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Gandolfi MG, Taddei P, Modena E, Siboni F, Prati C. Biointeractivity-related versus chemi/physisorption-related apatite precursor-forming ability of current root end filling materials. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater. 2013;101(7):1107–23.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Gandolfi MG, Taddei P, Siboni F, Modena E, Ciapetti G, Prati C. Development of the foremost light-curable calcium-silicate MTA cement as root-end in oral surgery. Chemical-physical properties, bioactivity and biological behavior. Dent Mater. 2011;27(7):e134–57.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Gandolfi MG, Van Landuyt K, Taddei P, Modena E, Van Meerbeek B, Prati C. Environmental scanning electron microscopy connected with energy dispersive x-ray analysis and Raman techniques to study ProRoot mineral trioxide aggregate and calcium silicate cements in wet conditions and in real time. J Endod. 2010;36(5):851–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. Garcia LD, Aguilar FG, Rossetto HL, Sabino MG, Pires-de-Souza FD. Staining susceptibility of new calcium aluminate cement (EndoBinder) in teeth: a 1-year in vitro study. Dent Traumatol. 2013;29(5):383–8. Epub 2012 Oct 16.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  50. Gomes Cornelio AL, Salles LP, Campos da Paz M, Cirelli JA, Guerreiro-Tanomaru JM, Tanomaru Filho M. Cytotoxicity of Portland cement with different radiopacifying agents: a cell death study. J Endod. 2011;37(2):203–10.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. Gomes-Filho JE, Rodrigues G, Watanabe S, Estrada Bernabe PF, Lodi CS, Gomes AC, et al. Evaluation of the tissue reaction to fast endodontic cement (CER) and Angelus MTA. J Endod. 2009;35(10):1377–80.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  52. Gomes-Filho JE, Watanabe S, Bernabe PF, de Moraes Costa MT. A mineral trioxide aggregate sealer stimulated mineralization. J Endod. 2009;35(2):256–60.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  53. Hakki SS, Bozkurt BS, Ozcopur B, Gandolfi MG, Prati C, Belli S. The response of cementoblasts to calcium phosphate resin-based and calcium silicate-based commercial sealers. Int Endod J. 2013;46(3):242–52.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. Hashem AA, Hassanien EE. ProRoot MTA, MTA-Angelus and IRM used to repair large furcation perforations: sealability study. J Endod. 2008;34(1):59–61.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  55. Hebling J, Lessa FC, Nogueira I, Carvalho RM, Costa CA. Cytotoxicity of resin-based light-cured liners. Am J Dent. 2009;22(3):137–42.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  56. Hess D, Solomon E, Spears R, He J. Retreatability of a bioceramic root canal sealing material. J Endod. 2011;37(11):1547–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  57. Huffman BP, Mai S, Pinna L, Weller RN, Primus CM, Gutmann JL, et al. Dislocation resistance of ProRoot Endo Sealer, a calcium silicate-based root canal sealer, from radicular dentine. Int Endod J. 2009;42(1):34–46.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  58. Hungaro Duarte MA, Minotti PG, Rodrigues CT, Zapata RO, Bramante CM, Tanomaru Filho M, et al. Effect of different radiopacifying agents on the physicochemical properties of white Portland cement and white mineral trioxide aggregate. J Endod. 2012;38(3):394–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  59. Hutcheson C, Seale NS, McWhorter A, Kerins C, Wright J. Multi-surface composite vs stainless steel crown restorations after mineral trioxide aggregate pulpotomy: a randomized controlled trial. Pediatr Dent. 2012;34(7):460–7.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  60. Hwang Y-C, Kim D-H, Hwang I-N, Song S-J, Park Y-J, Koh J-T, et al. Chemical constitution, physical properties, and biocompatibility of experimentally manufactured Portland cement. J Endod. 2011;37(1):58–62.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  61. Iacono F, Gandolfi MG, Huffman B, Sword J, Agee K, Siboni F, et al. Push-out strength of modified Portland cements and resins. Am J Dent. 2010;23(1):43–6.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  62. Islam I, Chng HK, Yap AU. Comparison of the physical and mechanical properties of MTA and Portland cement. J Endod. 2006;32(3):193–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  63. Kao C, Shie M, Huang T, Ding S. Properties of an accelerated mineral trioxide aggregate–like root-end filling material. J Endod. 2009;35(2):239–42.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  64. Kogan P, He J, Glickman G, Watanabe I. The effects of various additives on setting properties of MTA. J Endod. 2006;32(6):569–72.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  65. Komabayashi T, Spangberg L. Comparative analysis of the particle size and shape of commercially available mineral trioxide aggregates and Portland cement: a study with a flow particle image analyzer. J Endod. 2008;34(1):94–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  66. Komabayashi T, Spangberg L. Particle size and shape analysis of MTA finer fractions using Portland cement. J Endod. 2008;34(6):709–11.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  67. Krastl G, Allgayer N, Lenherr P, Filippi A, Taneja P, Weiger R. Tooth discoloration induced by endodontic materials: a literature review. Dent Traumatol. 2013;29(1):2–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  68. Lea FM, Hewlett PC. Lea’s chemistry of cement and concrete. 4th ed. London/New York: Arnold; 1998; Copublished in North, Central, and South America by J. Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  69. Leiendecker AP, Qi YP, Sawyer AN, Niu LN, Agee KA, Loushine RJ, et al. Effects of calcium silicate-based materials on collagen matrix integrity of mineralized dentin. J Endod. 2012;38(6):829–33.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  70. Lenherr P, Allgayer N, Weiger R, Filippi A, Attin T, Krastl G. Tooth discoloration induced by endodontic materials: a laboratory study. Int Endod J. 2012;45(10):942–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  71. Loushine BA, Bryan TE, Looney SW, Gillen BM, Loushine RJ, Weller RN, et al. Setting properties and cytotoxicity evaluation of a premixed bioceramic root canal sealer. J Endod. 2011;37(5):673–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  72. Luvizuto ER. Periapical tissue reactions to MTA after external root resorption in delayed tooth replantation. Proceedings from the 17th World Congress on Dental Traumatology: 19–22 Sept 2012, Rio de Janeiro. Braz J Dent Traumatol. 2012;(Special issue). p. 63.

    Google Scholar 

  73. Mohammadi Z, Giardino L, Palazzi F, Shalavi S. Antibacterial activity of a new mineral trioxide aggregate-based root canal sealer. Int Dent J. 2012;62(2):70–3.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  74. Monteiro Bramante C, Demarchi AC, de Moraes IG, Bernadineli N, Garcia RB, Spangberg LS, et al. Presence of arsenic in different types of MTA and white and gray Portland cement. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2008;106(6):909–13.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  75. Neelakantan P, Grotra D, Sharma S. Retreatability of 2 mineral trioxide aggregate-based root canal sealers: a cone-beam computed tomography analysis. J Endod. 2013;39(7):893–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  76. Nosrat A, Seifi A, Asgary S. Pulpotomy in caries-exposed immature permanent molars using calcium-enriched mixture cement or mineral trioxide aggregate: a randomized clinical trial. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2013;23(1):56–63.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  77. Oliveira AC, Tanomaru JM, Faria-Junior N, Tanomaru-Filho M. Bacterial leakage in root canals filled with conventional and MTA-based sealers. Int Endod J. 2011;44(4):370–5.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  78. Perez AL, Spears R, Gutmann JL, Opperman LA. Osteoblasts and MG-63 osteosarcoma cells behave differently when in contact with ProRoot MTA and White MTA. Int Endod J. 2003;36(8):564–70.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  79. Porter ML, Berto A, Primus CM, Watanabe I. Physical and chemical properties of new-generation endodontic materials. J Endod. 2010;36(3):524–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  80. Primus CM. Comments on “arsenic release provided by MTA and Portland cement” by Duarte MA, et al. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2006;101(4):416–7; author reply 417–418.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  81. Rawtiya M, Verma K, Singh S, Munuga S, Khan S. MTA-based root canal sealers. J Orofac Res. 2013;3(1):16–21.    doi:10.5005/jp-journals-10026-1057.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  82. Reyes-Carmona JF, Felippe MS, Felippe WT. The biomineralization ability of mineral trioxide aggregate and Portland cement on dentin enhances the push-out strength. J Endod. 2010;36(2):286–91.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  83. Richard Steffen D, Hubertus van Waes CM. Regenerative endodontie. Endod J. 2011;10(2):6–12.

    Google Scholar 

  84. Sawyer AN, Nikonov SY, Pancio AK, L-n N, Agee KA, Loushine RJ, et al. Effects of calcium silicate–based materials on the flexural properties of dentin. J Endod. 2012;38(5):680–3.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  85. Scarparo RK, Haddad D, Acasigua GA, Fossati AC, Fachin EV, Grecca FS. Mineral trioxide aggregate-based sealer: analysis of tissue reactions to a new endodontic material. J Endod. 2010;36(7):1174–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  86. Schembri M, Peplow G, Camilleri J. Analyses of heavy metals in mineral trioxide aggregate and Portland cement. J Endod. 2010;36(7):1210–5.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  87. Seong K-P, Jeon S-Y, Singh B, Hwang J-H, Song S-J. Comparative study of an experimental Portland cement and ProRoot MTA by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Ceram Int. 2014;40(1 Part B):1741–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  88. Shahi S, Rahimi S, Yavari HR, Mokhtari H, Roshangar L, Abasi MM, et al. Effect of mineral trioxide aggregates and Portland cements on inflammatory cells. J Endod. 2010;36(5):899–903.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  89. Silva EJ, Herrera DR, Almeida JF, Ferraz CC, Gomes BP, Zaia AA. Evaluation of cytotoxicity and up-regulation of gelatinases in fibroblast cells by three root repair materials. Int Endod J. 2012;45(9):815–20.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  90. Storm B, Eichmiller F, Tordik P, Goodell G. Setting expansion of gray and white mineral trioxide aggregate and Portland cement. J Endod. 2008;34(1):80–2.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  91. Tabarsi B, Parirokh M, Eghbal MJ, Haghdoost AA, Torabzadeh H, Asgary S. A comparative study of dental pulp response to several pulpotomy agents. Int Endod J. 2010;43(7):565–71.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  92. Tanomaru-Filho M, Tanomaru JM, Barros DB, Watanabe E, Ito IY. In vitro antimicrobial activity of endodontic sealers, MTA-based cements and Portland cement. J Oral Sci. 2007;49(1):41–5.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  93. Tay KC, Loushine BA, Oxford C, Kapur R, Primus CM, Gutmann JL, et al. In vitro evaluation of a Ceramicrete-based root-end filling material. J Endod. 2007;33(12):1438–43.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  94. Tay FR, Pashley DH. Monoblocks in root canals: a hypothetical or a tangible goal. J Endod. 2007;33(4):391–8.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  95. Valles M, Mercade M, Duran-Sindreu F, Bourdelande JL, Roig M. Influence of light and oxygen on the color stability of five calcium silicate-based materials. J Endod. 2013;39(4):525–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  96. Viola NV, Guerreiro-Tanomaru JM, da Silva GF, Sasso-Cerri E, Tanomaru-Filho M, Cerri PS. Biocompatibility of an experimental MTA sealer implanted in the rat subcutaneous: quantitative and immunohistochemical evaluation. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater. 2012;100(7):1773–81.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  97. Washington JT, Schneiderman E, Spears R, Fernandez CR, He J, Opperman LA. Biocompatibility and osteogenic potential of New generation endodontic materials by using primary osteoblasts. J Endod. 2011;37(8):1166–70.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  98. Wei W, Qi YP, Nikonov SY, Niu LN, Messer RL, Mao J, et al. Effects of an experimental calcium aluminosilicate cement on the viability of murine odontoblast-like cells. J Endod. 2012;38(7):936–42.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  99. Weller RN, Tay KC, Garrett LV, Mai S, Primus CM, Gutmann JL, et al. Microscopic appearance and apical seal of root canals filled with gutta-percha and ProRoot Endo Sealer after immersion in a phosphate-containing fluid. Int Endod J. 2008;41(11):977–86.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  100. Wongkornchaowalit N, Lertchirakarn V. Setting time and flowability of accelerated Portland cement mixed with polycarboxylate superplasticizer. J Endod. 2011;37(3):387–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  101. Zhou H-M, Shen Y, Zheng W, Li L, Zheng Y-F, Haapasalo M. Physical properties of five root canal sealers. J Endod. 2013;39(10):1281–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Primus Consulting, 7046 Owl’s Nest Terrace, Bradenton, FL, 34203, USA

    Carolyn M. Primus PhD

Authors
  1. Carolyn M. Primus PhD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Carolyn M. Primus PhD .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Surgery, Medical School, Mater Dei Hospital, University of Malta, Msida, Malta

    Josette Camilleri

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2014 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Primus, C.M. (2014). Products and Distinctions. In: Camilleri, J. (eds) Mineral Trioxide Aggregate in Dentistry. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55157-4_8

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55157-4_8

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-55156-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-55157-4

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation