Abstract
This article examines manual textual categorisation by human coders with the hypothesis that the law of total probability may be violated for difficult categories. An empirical evaluation was conducted to compare a one step categorisation task with a two step categorisation task using crowdsourcing. It was found that the law of total probability was violated. Both a quantum and classical probabilistic interpretations for this violation are presented. Further studies are required to resolve whether quantum models are more appropriate for this task.
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Notes
- 1.
In the experiment, the reverse order, decide-then-categorise, and categorise only was investigated as well. We do not analyse the reverse order in this paper.
- 2.
The image of \(\varPhi _i\) can be different, for example \(\varPhi _i : D \rightarrow \mathbb {R}\).
- 3.
The restriction to six codes was imposed to keep the effort required to build the dataset within certain budgetary limits.
- 4.
- 5.
The underscript \(\varOmega _2\) reminds us in which space the probabilities are computed.
- 6.
For example, think about two loaded dice that contain a small magnet inside. Tossed separately, they work as fair dice; tossed together, the magnetic field influences the outcome.
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Di Nunzio, G.M., Bruza, P., Sitbon, L. (2014). Interference in Text Categorisation Experiments. In: Atmanspacher, H., Haven, E., Kitto, K., Raine, D. (eds) Quantum Interaction. QI 2013. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 8369. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54943-4_3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54943-4_3
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