Metal Beads

Xia, Nai

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-54868-0_9

Nai Xia²

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Abstract

Beads of gold (including electrum), silver, copper (including bronze, iron and antimony have been found used by the ancient Egyptians. Gold beads were the most generally used one among them. The following description of the methods of manufacture and decoration of metal beads is mainly derived from gold beads, although some of them were also employed for the beads of other metals.

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Notes

1.
Brunton, Mostagedda, pp. 51–52; Brunton, Qau and Badari II, p. 21; and also p. 22 (Beck’s report).
2.
Reisner, Kerma IV, p. 282.
3.
Brunton, Mostagedda, pp. 51–52, Sect. 64.
4.
Petrie, Arts and Crafts, p. 103.
5.
Lucas, Materials, p. 173.
6.
Vernier, Cat. Gen., p. 21.
7.
Reisner, op. cit., p. 282.
8.
For the method of soldering, cf. Vernier, Bijouterie, pp. 68–71, and William. Gold and Silver Jewellery, pp. 35, 38–39.
9.
Vernier, Cat. Gen., pp.13–14.
10.
William, Gold and Silver Jewellery, p. 67.
11.
Reisner, Kerma, IV. pp. 282-285.
12.
Petrie, Prehistoric Egypt, p. 27. His early view that the bead was made “by beating out a thin tube, and then drawing down the ends over a core of limestone” (Arts and Crafts p. 84) seems to have been modified.
13.
Beck’s Report in Brunton, Qau and Badari II, p. 22.
14.
Ibid. p. 22.
15.
Vernier, Cat. Gen., pp. 272, 273.
16.
Vernier, Cat. Gen., p. 45.
17.
Orchard. Beads and Beadwork of the American Indians, p. 55.
18.
Vernier, Cat. Gen., p. 272; and Lucas, Materials, p. 189.
19.
Reisner, Kerma IV, p. 283.
20.
Petrie, Arts and Crafts, p. 86.
21.
Petrie, Illahun, Kahun and Gurob, p. 25, Sect. 47; Pl. XXIX, p. 56.
22.
Vernier, La Bijouterie, p. 89.
23.
Vernier, Cat. Gen., pp. 13–14.
24.
Ibid. p. 18.
25.
Orchard, Beads & Beadwork of American Indians, p. 56.
26.
Petrie, Prehistoric Egypt, p. 27, Sect. 62.
27.
Brunton, Qau and Badari II, p. 21, Sect. 32.
28.
Ibid. p. 21.
29.
Petrie, Arts and Crafts, pp. 84, 85, and 90.
30.
Vernier, La Bijouterie, pp. 58–62; and also his article in B.I.F.A.O., vol. XII (1916), pp. 40–42.
31.
William, Gold and Silver Jewellery, pp. 39–44.
32.
Beck, Classification, p. 58.
33.
Petrie, Arts and Crafts, p. 94; Vernier, Cat. Gen., pp. 225–226.
34.
Orchard, Beads and Beadwork of American Indians, p. 49.
35.
William, Gold and Silver Jewellery, pp. 33-38, especially p. 36.
36.
Orchard, op. cit. p. 48; William, op. cit., p. 34; Vernier, La Bijouterie, pp. 126–130.
37.
Lucas, Materials, pp. 190–191; cf. William, Gold and Silver Jewellery, p. 31.

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Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing, China
Nai Xia

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Xia, N. (2014). Metal Beads. In: Ancient Egyptian Beads. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54868-0_9

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54868-0_9
Published: 04 June 2014
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-54867-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-54868-0
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