Abstract
Different from GPS or GLONASS, BDS (BeiDou Navigation Satellite System) consists of not only MEO satellites but GEO and IGSO satellites, both of which are high-orbit satellites. Now BDS has finished its second step of the all three steps, and can provide regional navigation and positioning service. BDS-2 now mainly consists of 5 GEO, 5 IGSO and 4 MEO satellites. For most places of China, the GEO satellites always gather in a south part of the visible satellites sky plot. The IGSO satellites are also often seen in the south part. These lead into poor satellite geometry. Besides this, the running angular velocities of GEO and IGSO satellites are much smaller compared with MEO satellites. This results in that the geometric relationship between the satellite and the station changes slowly, so that there exists strong correlation between the observation equations from adjacent epochs. The poor satellite geometry and the small velocities make the ambiguity resolution (AR) of BDS-2 be a more serious ill-posed problem. In this paper the ill-posedness of the AR of BDS-2 was analyzed. And on this basis, some different combinations of GEO, IGSO and MEO satellites of BDS-2 were used in the AR experiments to reveal the characteristic of ill-posedness. AR experiment of GPS was also carried out at the same time for comparison with BDS-2. At last, the fusion AR experiment of BDS and GPS was done. From these experiments we concluded that BDS-2 AR which mainly relied on high-orbit satellites is a serious ill-posedness problem, so it takes much more time than GPS. The fusion with GPS will make the problem change much better.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Yang Y, Li J, Xu J et al (2011) Contribution of the compass satellite navigation system to global PNT users. Chin Sci Bull 56(26):2813–2819
Yang Y (2010) Progress, contribution and challenges of Compass/Beidou satellite navigation system. Acta Geodaetica Cartogr Sin 39(1):1–6
Ran C (2012) Development of the BeiDou navigation satellite system. Global navigation satellite systems. In :Report of the joint workshop of the national academy of engineering and the chinese academy of engineering, Washington
Zhao Q, Guo J, Li M, et al (2013) Initial results of precise orbit and clock determination for COMPASS navigation satellite system[J]. J Geodesy 87(5): 475–486
Zhou S, Cao Y, Zhou J et al (2012) Positioning accuracy assessment for the 4GEO/5IGSO/2MEO constellation of compass. Sci China Phys Mech Astron 55(12):2290–2299
Gao W, Gao C, Pan S et al (2013) The Analysis of ill posedness in GNSS high-precision differential positioning. In: Proceedings of the China satellite navigation conference (CSNC 2013). Springer, Berlin, pp 311–321
He H, Li J, Yang Y, et al (2013) Performance assessment of single-and dual-frequency BeiDou/GPS single-epoch kinematic positioning. GPS Solutions http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10291-013-0339-3
Guo Q, Hu Z (2007) The effect of ill-condition equations of GPS rapid positioning on the GPS baseline solution. Sci Survey Mapp 32(2):42–43
Teunissen P (2007) Influence of ambiguity precision on the success rate of GNSS integer ambiguity bootstrapping. J Geodesy 81(5):351–358
Teunissen P (1995) The least-squares ambiguity decorrelation adjustment: a method for fast GPS integer ambiguity estimation. J Geodesy 70(1–2):65–82
Teunissen P, De J, Tiberius C (1997) Performance of the LAMBDA method for fast GPS ambiguity resolution. Navigation 44(3):373–383
Wang S, Wang Q, Gao W et al (2013) Analysis and valuation of ill-condition in baseline solution of GNSS multi-system. J Southeast Univ (Natural Science Edition) 43(4):753–757
Lu X, Feng Z, Liu J (2007) Analysis theory on ill-conditioned system with application in surveying. Surveying and Mapping Press, Beijing, pp 7–15
Li B, Shen Y, Feng Y (2010) Fast GNSS ambiguity resolution as an ill-posed problem. J Geodesy 84(11):683–698
Deng C, Tang W, Liu J et al (2013) Reliable single-epoch ambiguity resolution for short baselines using combined GPS/BeiDou system. GPS Solutions, http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10291-013-0337-5
Acknowledgments
This work is supported by the Key Projects in the National Science and Technology Pillar Program during the Twelfth Five-year Plan Period (No. 2012BAJ23B01). The authors are very grateful to the anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments and suggestions.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2014 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Gao, W., Gao, C., Pan, S., Wang, S., Shi, X. (2014). Ill-Posedness Analysis of Ambiguity Resolution Using BDS-2 and Its Fusion with GPS. In: Sun, J., Jiao, W., Wu, H., Lu, M. (eds) China Satellite Navigation Conference (CSNC) 2014 Proceedings: Volume II. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, vol 304. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54743-0_32
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54743-0_32
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-54742-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-54743-0
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)