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Non-proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy

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Clinical Strategies in the Management of Diabetic Retinopathy

Abstract

Non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) is defined by the presence of early intraretinal microvascular findings and is currently classified into different stages of severity, according to international proposed classifications. The Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Research (ETDRS) Group showed that very severe NPDR has an increased risk of progression to proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Nevertheless, data from well-conducted studies demonstrated that preventive treatments, such as a tight control of blood glucose level, blood pressure, and lipids serum level, could significantly delay the onset and slow the progression of NPDR. The effectiveness of the annual screening programs, including dilated fundus examinations or the new promising telemedicine strategies, has been clearly documented. Additionally, secondary interventions could also be useful in limiting the visual loss. The ETDRS suggested that early scatter photocoagulation is not indicated for eyes with mild to moderate NPDR while is indicated in case of very severe NPDR or early PDR, especially in older patients with type 2 diabetes.

In conclusion, a proper systemic control is currently widely suggested by worldwide retinal specialists as a first approach in NPDR in order to delay the onset and slow the progression of the disease.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ophthalmology, University Vita-Salute, Scientific Institute San Raffaele, via Olgettina 60, Milan, 20132, Italy

    Francesco Bandello MD, FEBO, Rosangela Lattanzio MD, Ilaria Zucchiatti MD & Giuseppe Petruzzi MD

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  1. Francesco Bandello MD, FEBO
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  2. Rosangela Lattanzio MD
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  3. Ilaria Zucchiatti MD
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  4. Giuseppe Petruzzi MD
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Correspondence to Francesco Bandello MD, FEBO .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ophthalmology, University Vita-Salute Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy

    Francesco Bandello

  2. Department of Ophthalmology, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey, USA

    Marco Attilio Zarbin

  3. Department of Ophthalmology, University Vita-Salute Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy

    Rosangela Lattanzio

  4. Department of Ophthalmology, University Vita-Salute Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy

    Ilaria Zucchiatti

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Bandello, F., Lattanzio, R., Zucchiatti, I., Petruzzi, G. (2014). Non-proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy. In: Bandello, F., Zarbin, M., Lattanzio, R., Zucchiatti, I. (eds) Clinical Strategies in the Management of Diabetic Retinopathy. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54503-0_2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54503-0_2

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