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Water Under High Temperature and Pressure Conditions and Its Applications to Develop Green Technologies for Biomass Conversion

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Book cover Application of Hydrothermal Reactions to Biomass Conversion

Part of the book series: Green Chemistry and Sustainable Technology ((GCST))

Abstract

This chapter introduces the chemical and physical properties of water under high temperature and pressure, such as ion product, density, dielectric constant and hydrogen bonding, and the applications of these properties on biomass conversion. These properties that are adjustable by changing the reaction temperature and pressure or adding additives are central to the reactivity of the biomass feedstock to break the C–C or C–O bonds. For example, glucose will follow different reaction pathways under acidic or alkali environment which is related to the ion product of water. Presently, hundreds of strategies utilizing these properties to transform biomass into target products intentionally or unintentionally are proposed. In this chapter, the hydrothermal processes applied in the conversion of biomass including cellulose, hemicelluloses, lignin and glycerin into commodity chemicals such as organic acids are mainly reviewed. In addition, the production of CO2 as a byproduct from biomass conversion is sometimes inevitable. To achieve 100 % carbon yield, the process of reduction of CO2 is often neglected but required. In the last section, the one pot reaction of glycerin conversion and CO2 reduction is reviewed based on the hydrogen bonding property.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan RD, Shanghai, 200240, China

    Fangming Jin, Xu Zeng & Guodong Yao

  2. RIKEN Research Cluster for Innovation Nakamura Laboratory, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan

    Yuanqing Wang

  3. National Engineering Research Center for Facilities Agriculture, Institute of Modern Agricultural Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China

    Zheng Shen

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  1. Fangming Jin
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  2. Yuanqing Wang
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  3. Xu Zeng
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  4. Zheng Shen
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  5. Guodong Yao
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Correspondence to Fangming Jin .

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  1. School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China

    Fangming Jin

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Jin, F., Wang, Y., Zeng, X., Shen, Z., Yao, G. (2014). Water Under High Temperature and Pressure Conditions and Its Applications to Develop Green Technologies for Biomass Conversion. In: Jin, F. (eds) Application of Hydrothermal Reactions to Biomass Conversion. Green Chemistry and Sustainable Technology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54458-3_1

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