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Neuroimaging Findings in Mild Cognitive Impairment

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PET and SPECT in Neurology

Abstract

The clinical construct of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) identifies a syndrome of cognitive deficit without dementia, whose fate is unpredictable without an effort to establish the underlying cause. MCI is the natural “reservoir” of subsequent dementing illnesses, but it can be provoked by a variety of psychiatric and systemic diseases as well as by drugs, alcohol, and substance abuse. In this context, morphological and, especially, functional neuroimaging by means of multitracer SPECT and PET provide clue information on the underlying pathological process. Both MRI and SPECT/PET have been included as biomarkers in the revised criteria for the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease before dementia; similarly, dopamine transporter SPECT and FDG-PET are supportive features for the diagnosis of cognitive deficit due to diffuse Lewy-body disease or to frontotemporal lobe degeneration, respectively. The advent of amyloid imaging with PET radiopharmaceuticals has paved the way to the noninvasive brain biopsy for beta amyloid and can detect amyloidosis in otherwise healthy individuals. In the advanced memory clinics, appropriate use of neuroimaging is nowadays the cornerstone of correct diagnosis of cognitive disorders. New developments include high-field MRI equipment, new fluorinated PET radiopharmaceuticals for amyloid detection and receptor studies, and the upcoming tool of MRI-PET.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neuroscience, Ophthalmology and Genetics, University of Genoa, Largo Daneo 1, 16132, Genoa, Italy

    Flavio Nobili, Dario Arnaldi, Luca Roccatagliata, Jennifer Accardo, Agnese Picco & Michela Ferrara

  2. Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Genova, Genova, Italy

    Andrea Chincarini

  3. Department of Nuclear Medicine/Department of Internal Medicine, San Martino Hospital, University of Genoa, Largo R.Benzi 10, Genoa, 16132, Italy

    Ambra Buschiazzo & Silvia Morbelli

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  1. Flavio Nobili
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Correspondence to Flavio Nobili .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Dept. of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands

    Rudi A.J.O. Dierckx

  2. Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of Applied Sciences Offenburg, Offenburg, Germany

    Andreas Otte

  3. Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands

    Erik F.J. de Vries

  4. Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands

    Aren van Waarde

  5. Neurology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands

    Klaus L. Leenders

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Nobili, F. et al. (2014). Neuroimaging Findings in Mild Cognitive Impairment. In: Dierckx, R., Otte, A., de Vries, E., van Waarde, A., Leenders, K. (eds) PET and SPECT in Neurology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54307-4_12

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