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Mycorrhizosphere: The Role of PGPR

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Root Engineering

Part of the book series: Soil Biology ((SOILBIOL,volume 40))

Abstract

The establishment of the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus in the root cortex is known to change many key aspects of plant physiology and the mineral nutrient composition in plant tissues, the hormonal balance and the patterns of C allocation. Consequently, AM colonisation induced many plant changes which affect the microbial populations, both quantitatively and qualitatively, in either the rhizosphere or the rhizoplane. However, there are specific modifications in the environment surrounding of the AM extraradical mycelium itself. Thus, the mycorrhizosphere formed around AM plants has features that differ from the rhizosphere of a nonmycorrhizal plant. Bacteria living in the soil root surface or inside cortical cells can interact with AM fungi. The cooperative plant–microbial interactions have focused their attention on plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) and AM fungi and processes involved in the establishment and functioning of the mycorrhizosphere. AM and PGRB inoculation improved plant performance at low levels of nutrients, water potential, at high amount of heavy metals and under diseases caused by pathogenic associations. All the detrimental effects in plants of these stresses can be compensated by specific microbial associations in the mycorrhizosphere based on a range of physiological and cellular mechanisms here reported.

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  1. Departamento de Microbiología del Suelo y Sistemas Simbióticos, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Prof. Albareda 1, 18008, Granada, Spain

    Rosario Azcón

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  1. Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain

    Asunción Morte

  2. Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Ajit Varma

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Azcón, R. (2014). Mycorrhizosphere: The Role of PGPR. In: Morte, A., Varma, A. (eds) Root Engineering. Soil Biology, vol 40. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54276-3_6

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