Zusammenfassung
Wegen ihres nahe verwandten Entstehungsmechanismus bei der diastolischen Füllung des Ventrikels werden der 3. und 4. Herzton zunächst gemeinsam besprochen, obwohl sich beide bezüglich Pathophysiologie, klinischer Bedeutung und Prognose zum Teil grundsätzlich unterscheiden.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Abrams J (1982) The third and fourth heart sounds. Primary Cardiol 8: 47
Bonner AJ Jr, Stewart J, Tavel ME (1976) “Pre-systolic” augmentation of diastolic heart sounds in atrial fibrillation. Am J Cardiol 37:427
Craige E (1975) The fourth heart sound. In: Leon DF, Shaver JA (eds) Physiologic principles of heart sounds and murmurs. American Heart Association Monograph Series. American Heart Association, New York, Vol 46: 74
Goldblatt A, Aygen M, Braunwald E (1962) Hemodynamic phonocardiographic correlations of the first heart sound in aortic stenosis. Circulation 26: 92
Mitchell JH, Gupta DN, Payne RM (1965) Influence of atrial systole on effective ventricular stroke volume. Circ Res 17: 11
Muiesan GD, MacCanon DM, Nunez-Dey D, DiBartolo G (1961) Hemodynamic correlates of the fourth heart sound. Am J Physiol 201: 1090
Ozawa Y, Smith D, Craige E (1982) Localization of the origin of the third heart sound. Circulation 66 (suppl 2): 210
Ozawa Y, Smith D, Craige E (1983) Origin of the third heart sound. II. Studies in human subjects. Circulation 67: 399
Porter CM, Baxley WA, Eddleman EE Jr, Frimer M, Rackley CE (1971) Left ventricular dimensions and dynamics of filling in patients with gallop heart sounds. Am J Med 50: 721
Rectra EH, Khan AH, Pigott VM, Spodick DH (1972) Audibility of the fourth heart sound. JAMA 221: 36
Shah PM, Jackson D (1975) Third heart and summation gallop. In: Leon DF, Shaver JA (eds) Physiologic principles of heart sounds and murmurs. American Heart Association Monograph Series. American Heart Association, New York, Vol 46: 79
Spodick DH (1973) Fourth sound gallop or split first heart sound? Am J Cardiol 31: 530
Tavel ME (1974) The fourth heart sound — a premature requiem? Circulation 49: 4
Waider W, Madry R, McLaurin L, Craige E (1973) Genesis of right-sided heart sounds. Circulation 48 (suppl IV): 63
Yahini JH, Dulfano MJ, Toor M (1960) Pulmonic stenosis: A clinical assessment of severity. Am J Cardiol 5: 744
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1984 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Franke, HJ.P. (1984). Der 3. und 4. Herzton. In: Allgemeine und spezielle Auskultation des Herzens. J.F. Bergmann-Verlag, Munich. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54200-8_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54200-8_6
Publisher Name: J.F. Bergmann-Verlag, Munich
Print ISBN: 978-3-8070-0340-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-54200-8
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive