What Kind of Modernization Do We Need?

Abstract

In the barbaric times with low level of productive forces, human beings were dependent on the nature and the material wealth grew slowly. The excessive pursuit of wealth would tense social relations and intensify social conflicts. Desires difficult to met would also lead to the spiritual and emotional restlessness. Therefore, the early human societies, from the public to politicians and thinkers, from religion to philosophies, laid stress on holding “destiny” in awe. Material wealth was depreciated while “simplicity” and “plainness” were advocated. The excessive pursuit of wealth was repressed by spirit, future and heaven for the moment. This was the harmony between man and nature at the low level.