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Electrospun Nanofibers for Energy and Environmental Applications pp 249–263Cite as

Electrospun Nanofibrous Sorbents and Membranes for Carbon Dioxide Capture

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Part of the book series: Nanostructure Science and Technology ((NST))

Abstract

CO2 emission resulting from combustion of fossil fuel is a major anthropogenic factor for global warming. Current commercial CO2 capture approaches using aqueous amine scrubbing require high energy consumption for regeneration which leads to significantly decreased efficiency. Therefore, novel CO2 capture materials and technologies for economical CO2 capture are of the utmost importance. Nanofibers, mainly fabricated by electrospinning, have unique porous structure, high surface area, and good mechanical properties thereby exhibit potential as advanced sorbents for CO2 capture and storage. More significantly, nanofiber-based sorbents are expected to have extremely low resistance for gas transport and extremely fast kinetics due to the unique structure of nanofibers. In this chapter, we summarize recent progress in the development of electrospun nanofibrous sorbents or membranes (e.g., nanofiber-supported metal-organic frameworks, carbon nanofibers, ionic liquid-based nanofibrous membranes, metal oxide nanofibers, etc.) for CO2 capture, describe the types of nanofibrous materials that have been developed, and discuss their fabrication variables and CO2 adsorption performance in detail. This chapter may pave the way for developing advanced nanofibrous sorbents for CO2 capture from power plants and even the atmosphere.

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Acknowledgments

This technical effort was performed with support of the US Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory’s ongoing research in carbon management under RES contract DE-FE0004000. Support from WV NASA EPSCoR was also acknowledged. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the funding agencies or their institutions. The authors thank Suzanne Danley for proofreading.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. U.S. Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA

    Xianfeng Wang & Bingyun Li

  2. Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA

    Xianfeng Wang & Bingyun Li

Authors
  1. Xianfeng Wang
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  2. Bingyun Li
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Correspondence to Bingyun Li .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, China

    Bin Ding

  2. State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, China

    Jianyong Yu

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Wang, X., Li, B. (2014). Electrospun Nanofibrous Sorbents and Membranes for Carbon Dioxide Capture. In: Ding, B., Yu, J. (eds) Electrospun Nanofibers for Energy and Environmental Applications. Nanostructure Science and Technology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54160-5_10

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