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Marine Actinomycetes in Biodiscovery

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Part of the book series: Springer Handbooks ((SHB))

Abstract

Marine natural products will be the driving force for interdisciplinary advancements bridging medicine, chemistry, and biology for sustainable future biotechnological advancements. Recent advances in sequencing technology and bioinformatics have revealed that actinomycete genomes encode far more secondary metabolite gene clusters than originally thought. The development of new culturing techniques from marine environments has enabled the isolation of previously uncultured actinomycetes resulting in the identification of new bioactive compounds deriving from these bacteria, including species-specific bioactive compounds. Advances in genomic technologies have renewed interest in marine actinomycetes as an attractive source of new therapeutic agents. Genome sequences of bioactive marine actinomycete taxa will continue to provide information on the bioactive potential of the genus/family members, and selective isolation protocols will be designed based on the taxon-specific information generated. This chapter provides an overview on the above highlighted advances from an eco-taxonomical perspective reflecting on the diversified natural product chemistry provided by marine actinomycetes.

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Abbreviations

1 H NMR:

proton nuclear magnetic resonance

EU:

European Union

GST:

genome sequence tag

GYM:

glucose yeast extract and malt

HPLC:

high-performance liquid chromatography

LC-MS:

liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry

MIC:

minimum inhibitory concentration

MRSA:

methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

MS n :

de novo tandem MS

MS:

mass spectrometry

NRPS:

nonribosomal peptide synthetase

PKS:

polyketide synthase

RiPP:

ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptide

VREF:

vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium

mTOR:

mammalian target of rapamycin

rRNA:

ribosomal RNA

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Kurtböke, D.İ., Grkovic, T., Quinn, R.J. (2015). Marine Actinomycetes in Biodiscovery. In: Kim, SK. (eds) Springer Handbook of Marine Biotechnology. Springer Handbooks. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-53971-8_27

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