Abstract
The importance of geometrical acoustics, or the ray method, in studying sound fields in inhomogeneous media can hardly be exaggerated. Regardless of the physical nature of the waves considered, this approach is also often referred to as geometrical optics or the eikonal approximation. Due to its simplicity and lucidity it is very frequently used in fundamental as well as applied studies. Even beyond its range of direct applicability in most cases geometrical acoustics allows us to qualitatively picture the field structure. Thus, it is of great heuristic value. In this chapter we shall consider waves which are harmonically dependent on horizontal coordinates and time. In regions where a medium is homogeneous, the field reduces to one or two (propagating upwards and downwards) plane waves. For this type of problem the ray approach coincides with the WKB approximation.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
P. Debay: Ann. Phys. (Leipzig) 35, 277 (1911)
S.L. Sobolev: Tr. Seismol. Inst. AN SSSR 6, 1–57 (1930)
S.M. Rytov: Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR 18, 263–266 (1938)
S.M. Rytov: Tr. Fiz. Inst. An SSSR 2, 41–133 (1940)
V.M. Babich, V.S. Buldyrev: Asimptoticheskiye Metody v Zadachakh Difraktsii Korotkikh Voln (Asymptotic methods in problems of short wave diffraction) (Nauka, Moscow 1972)
V.M. Babich, V.S. Buldyrev: Asymptotic Methods in Shortwave Diffraction Theory,Springer Ser. Wave Phen., Vol.4 (Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg 1989)
V.P. Maslov, M.V. Fedoryuk: Kvasiklassicheskoye Priblizheniye dlya Uravneniy Kvantovoi Mekhaniki (Quasi classical approximation for equations in quantum mechanics) (Nauka, Moscow 1976)
A.H. Nayfeh: Perturbation Methods (Wiley, New York 1973)
M. Fedoryuk: Methodes Asymptotiques pour les Equations Differentielles Ordinaires Linéaires (Mir, Moscow 1987)
N. Fröman, P.O. Fröman: JWKB Approximation. Contributions to the Theory (North-Holland, Amsterdam 1965)
J. Heading: An Introduction to Phase-Integral Methods (J. Wiley, New York 1962)
Yu.A. Kravtsov, Yu.I. Orlov: Geometrical Optics of Inhomogeneous Media, Springer Ser. Wave Phen., Vol.6 (Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg 1989)
HJ. Korsch, H. Laurent: J. Phys. B. 14, 4213–4230 (1981)
E.A. Solov’ev: Pis. Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 39, 84–86 (1984)
F.WJ. Olver: Proc. Cambr. Phil. Soc. 57, 790 (1961)
F.WJ. Olver, F. Stengler: J. SIAM Numer. Anal. B 2, 244 (1965)
L.M. Brekhovskikh: Waves in Layered Media, 2nd ed. (Academic, New York 1980)
L.M. Brekhovskikh: Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR Fiz. Atmos. Okeana 4, 1291–1304 (1968) [English transi.: Izv. Acad. Sci. USSR. Atmos. Oceanic Phys. 4 N 12 (1968)]
A.L. Viroviyanskii: Izv. VUZ. Radiofiz. 27, 1592–1594 (1984)
J.W.S. Rayleigh: The Theory of Sound, Vol. 2 (Dover, New York 1945)
D.I. Blokhintsev: Acoustics of an Inhomogeneous Moving Medium (Brown Univ. Tren Providence, R.I. 1956)
O.S. Golod, N.S. Grigor’eva: Akust. Zh. 28, 758–762 (1982) [English transi.: Sov. Phys. Acoust. 28, 449 (1980)]
V.E. Ostashev: Akust. Zh. 31, 225–229 (1985) [English transl.: Soy. Phys. Acoust. 31, N2 (1985)]
V.A. Polyanskaya: Akust. Zh. 31, 628–632 (1985) [English transi.: Soy. Phys. Acoust. 31, 376–379 (1985)]
L.A. Chemov: Akust. Zh. 4, 299–306 (1958) [English transi.: Soy. Phys. Acoust. 4, N4 (1959)]
C.I. Chessel: J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 53, 83–87 (1973)
A.D. Gorman, R. Wells: J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 73, 363–365 (1983)
D.S. Jones, J.D. Morgan: Proc. Cambr. Phil. Soc. 72, 465–491 (1972)
E.T. Kornhauser: J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 25, 945–949 (1953)
B.K. Newhall, MJ. Jacobson, W.L. Siegmann: J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 67, 1997–2010 (1980)
T.B. Sanford: J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 56, 1118–1121 (1974)
RJ. Thompson: J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 51, 1675–1682 (1972)
R.J. Thompson: J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 55, 729–737 (1974)
P. Ugincius: J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 51, 1759–1763 (1972)
C.H.E. Warren: J. Sound Vibr. 1, 175–178 (1964)
V.E. Ostashev: Izv. AN SSSR. Fiz. Atmos. Okeana 21, 358–373 (1985) [English transi.: Izv. Acad. Sci. USSR. Atmos. Oceanic Phys. 21, 274–285 (1985)]
E.H. Brown, F.F. Hall: Rev. Geophys. Space Phys. 16, 47–110 (1978)
H. Bremmer: Physica 15, 593 (1949)
H. Bremner: Commun. Pure Appl. Math. 4, 105 (1951)
R. Bellman, R. Kalaba: Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 44, 317 (1958)
F.V. Atkinson: J. Math. Anal. Appl. 1, 255–276 (1960)
S.H. Gray: Wave Motion 5, 249–255 (1983)
V.A. Bailey: Phys. Rev. 96, 865 (1954)
N. Fröman, P.O. Fröman: Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 163, 215–226 (1985)
E. Bahar: J. Math. Phys. 8, 1735–1746 (1967)
E. Bahar: Radio Sci. 15, 573–579 (1980)
B.Z. Katsenelenbaum: Radiotekh. Electron. 22, 2414–2417 (1977)
B.Z. Katsenelenbaum: Radiotekh. Electron. 27, 1451 (1982)
S.L. Ziglin: Radiotekh. Electron. 24, 173–175 (1979)
S.L. Ziglin: Radiotekh. Electron. 24, 2131–2133 (1979)
S.L. Ziglin: Radiotekh. Electron. 29, 836–842 (1984)
C.E. Hecht, J.E. Mayer: Phys. Rev. 106, 1156–1161 (1957)
N. Fröman: Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 61, 451 (1960)
E.R. Floyd: J. Math. Phys. 17, 880–884 (1976)
E.R. Floyd: J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 60, 801–809 (1976)
R. Zhang: Chi. J. Acoust. 1, 23–24 (1982)
N.E. Mal’tsev: Dokl. Acad. Nauk SSSR 271, 1108–1111 (1983)
A. Beilis: J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 74, 171–180 (1983)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1990 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Brekhovskikh, L.M., Godin, O.A. (1990). Geometrical Acoustics. WKB Approximation. In: Acoustics of Layered Media I. Springer Series on Wave Phenomena, vol 5. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-52369-4_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-52369-4_8
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-64724-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-52369-4
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive