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Individuelle Ressourcen und die Bewältigung von Belastungen im mittleren und höheren Erwachsenenalter

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Aspekte der Entwicklung im mittleren und höheren Lebensalter

Zusammenfassung

In vielen Studien über interindividuelle Unterschiede in der Bewältigung belastender Lebensereignisse wird die Verfügbarkeit von Ressourcen als wichtiger Mediator zwischen Stress und Wohlbefinden angesehen. Dies gilt insbesondere für soziale Ressourcen (z. B. Holahan, Moos, Bonin 1997), also die Qualität verfügbarer sozialer Kontakte und die Zufriedenheit mit diesen Kontakten. Eine Reihe von Studien hat versucht nachzuweisen, dass die Verfügbarkeit und Bewertung sozialer Ressourcen die negativen Auswirkungen kritischer Lebensereignisse wie Operationen (Oxman u. Hull 1997), den Verlust des Lebenspartners oder das Nachlassen funktionaler Fähigkeiten (Baltes 1995; Rook u. Schuster 1996) vermindern kann. Young und Glasgow (1998) vertreten sogar den Standpunkt, dass soziale Ressourcen Nachteile durch einen verringerten Sozialstatus oder Gesundheitsstatus kompensieren können. Die Tatsache, dass soziale Ressourcen und wichtige Aspekte des Wohlbefindens in Zusammenhang stehen, ist gut belegt (House, Landis, Umberson 1988). Die Untersuchung der bei älteren Erwachsenen vorhandenen sozialen Ressourcen verdient daher mehr Aufmerksamkeit, denn sie kann wichtige psychologische Faktoren aufzeigen, die alterskorrelierte Unterschiede in der Beziehung zwischen negativen Umwelteinflüssen (Stress) und subjektivem Wohlbefinden erklären (Bosworth u. Schaie 1997).

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Martin, M. (2000). Individuelle Ressourcen und die Bewältigung von Belastungen im mittleren und höheren Erwachsenenalter. In: Martin, P., Ettrich, K.U., Lehr, U., Roether, D., Martin, M., Fischer-Cyrulies, A. (eds) Aspekte der Entwicklung im mittleren und höheren Lebensalter. Steinkopff. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-51100-4_7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-51100-4_7

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