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Funktionelle Morphologie der Augenmuskeln

Functional Morphology of the Eye-Muscles

  • Conference paper
Augenbewegungsstörungen / Disorders of Ocular Motility

Part of the book series: Symposien der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft ((OPH.GES.))

  • 39 Accesses

Zusammenfassung

Die 6 äußeren Augenmuskeln bestehen aus 2 distinkten Muskelportionen, einer Orbitalzone mit durchwegs dünnen Muskelfasern (MF) und einer Bulbärzone mit vorwiegend dickeren MF. Beide Zonen sind aus einfach und multipel innervierten MF zusammengesetzt. Aufgrund histologisch, histochemisch und ultrastrukturell faßbarer Merkmale lassen sich 5–6 MF-Typen unterscheiden, 2 davon in der Orbitalzone und 3–4 in der Bulbärzone. Trotz erheblicher Speziesvariabilität einzelner morphologischer Merkmale besteht in der neueren Literatur grundsätzliche Übereinstimmung über die MF-Zusammensetzung der Augenmuskeln von Säugern. Die möglichen funktionellen Eigenschaften der morphologischen MF-Typen werden diskutiert, obzwar eine sichere Korrelation morphologischer und physiologischer Befunde zur Zeit noch nicht möglich ist. — Weiters wird über das Vorkommen besonderer MF-Verbindungen („myomyous junctions“) in den Augenmuskeln berichtet. Ihr Vorhandensein steht mit einer komplizierten Muskelarchitektonik in Beziehung, die bisher nur bei der Katze näher untersucht ist: einfach innervierte MF der Bulbärzone sind verzweigt und über „myomyous junctions“in Serie geschaltet sowie mit multipel innervierten MF verknüpft. Die Bedeutung dieser Befunde ist noch unklar.

Summary

The six external eye-muscles consist of two distinct muscle portions, an orbital layer containing only small muscle fibres, and a global layer with predominantly larger muscle fibres. Both layers are composed of singly and multiply innervated muscle fibres. By means of histological, histochemical, and ultrastructural criteria, five to six muscle fibre types can be distinguished, two of them in the orbital layer and three to four in the global layer. In spite of considerable species variability of single morphological features, there is general agreement in recent literature concerning the muscle fibre composition of mammalian extraocular muscle. The possible functional properties of the morphological muscle fibre types are discussed, though morphological and physiological findings can not yet be reliably correlated. Furthermore, the existence of special “myomyous junctions” in external eye-muscles is reported. Their presence is related to a complex muscle architecture which has so far been analysed only in the cat: singly innervated muscle fibres of the global layer were found to be branched and, by the means of myomyous junctions, connected either in series to each other or to multiply innervated muscle fibres. The meaning of these findings is still uncertain.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Inst. für Anatomie und Spezielle Embryologie der Univ., Fribourg, Schweiz

    R. Mayr

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  1. R. Mayr
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Univ.-Augenklinik, Killianstraße 5, D-7800, Freiburg, Deutschland

    G. Kommerell

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© 1978 J. F. Bergmann Verlag, München

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Mayr, R. (1978). Funktionelle Morphologie der Augenmuskeln. In: Kommerell, G. (eds) Augenbewegungsstörungen / Disorders of Ocular Motility. Symposien der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft. J.F. Bergmann-Verlag. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-48446-9_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-48446-9_1

  • Publisher Name: J.F. Bergmann-Verlag

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-8070-0303-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-48446-9

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