Skip to main content

Die Biochemie der progressiven Muskeldystrophie

  • Chapter
Die progressiv-dystrophischen Myopathien

Zusammenfassung

Im Jahre 1962 wurde von den hervorragenden französischen Forschern Jean-Claude Dreyfus und Georges Schapira erstmalig eine Zusammenstellung und kritische Bewertung aller bis dahin bekannten biochemischen Untersuchungs-ergebnisse bei den erblichen Myopathien vorgenommen [253]. Die unter dem Titel „Biochemistry of Hereditary Myopathies“ veröffentlichte Monographie hat großes Interesse hervorgerufen und die Forschung auf diesem Gebiet wesentlich stimuliert. Seitdem hat die Zahl der Einzelbefunde außerordentlich zugenommen, wobei besonders die verschiedenen Formen der progressiven Muskeldystrophien mit einer Fülle neuer Untersuchungsergebnisse hervorragen. Zwar konnte die molekulare Genetik dieser Leiden immer noch nicht geklärt werden, doch hat die moderne biochemische Forschung einige Anhaltspunkte geliefert und die Richtung für zukünftige, möglicherweise Erfolg versprechende Untersuchungen gewiesen.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 69.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Literatur zum Kapitel III

  1. Abdullah, F., D. F. Goldspink, and R. J. Pennington: Ribonucleases in normal and dystrophic muscle. In: Research in Muscular Dystrophy. London: Pitman 1968, p. 312.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Acheson, D., and D. McAlpine: Muscular dystrophy associated with myoglobinuria and excessive excretion of ketosteroids. Lancet 1953 II, 372.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Acheson, J., D. C. James, E. C. Hutchinson, and R. Westhead: Serum-creatine-kinase levels in cerebral vascular disease. Lancet 1965 I, 1306.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Aebi, H.: Biochemie und Klinik einiger Enzym-Defekte. Dtsch. med. J. 13, 314 (1962).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Aebi, U., R. Richterich, H. Stillhart, J. P. Colombo, and E. Rossi: Progressive muscular dystrophy. III. Serum enzymes in muscular dystrophy in childhood. Helv. paediat. Acta 16, 543 (1961).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Aebi, U., R. Richterich, J. P. Colombo, and E. Rossi: Progressive muscular dystrophy. II. Biochemical identification of the carrier state in the recessive-sexlinked juvenile (Duchenne) type by serum creatine-phosphokinase determinations. Enzym. biol. clin. 1, 61 (1961/62).

    Google Scholar 

  7. Ahlgren, G.: Über die spontanreduzierende Einwirkung der Muskulatur auf Methylblau. Scand. Arch. Physiol. 41, 1 (1921).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Albright, E. C., F. C. Larson, and W. P. Deiss: Thyroxine binding capacity of serum alpha globulin in hypothyroid, euthyroid, and hyperthyroid subjects. J. clin. Invest. 34, 44 (1955).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Aleksakhina, N. V.: Carbohydrate-phosphate metabolism and the composition of white (breast) and red (leg) muscles of chickens. Biokhimiya 18, 513 (1953).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Allen, J. R., W. R. Beachtel, B. A. Sullivan, and H. L. Dobson: Metabolic studies in vitamin E-deficient rabbits. Metabolism 7, 646 (1958).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Allen, J. R., B. A. Sullivan, and H. L. Dobson: Cytochrome oxidase and reductase in muscle from vitamin E-deficient rabbits. Arch. Biochem. 86, 6 (1960).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Aloisi, M., A. Ascenzi ed E. Bonetti: Aspetti strutturali dell’actina studiata al microscopio elettronico nella distrofia muscolare da avitaminosi E. Experientia (Basel) 8, 266 (1952).

    Google Scholar 

  13. Ames, S. R., and H. A. Risley: Aminoaciduria in progressive muscular dystrophy. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.) 68, 131 (1948).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Ames, S. R. Diskussionsbeitrag zu C. E. Roderuck: Some chemical and enzymic alterations in muscle in experimental dystrophy. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 52, 160 (1949).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Andres, R., G. Cader, and K. L. Zierler: The quantitatively minor role of carbohydrate in oxidative metabolism by skeletal muscle in intact man in the basal state. J. clin. Invest. 35, 671 (1956).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Apella, E., and C. L. Markert: Dissociation of lactate dehydrogenase into subunits with guanidine hydrochloride. Biochem. biophys. Res. Commun. 6, 171 (1961).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Armbruster, W., R. Schäfer u. K. Schaefer: Medikamentöse Beeinflussung der Aminosäureausscheidung im Urin. Schweiz. med. Wschr. 6, 147 (1957).

    Google Scholar 

  18. Aronson, S. M., and B. W. Volk: Tissue and serum aldolase in neuromuscular diseases. Arch. Neurol. Psychiat. (Chic.) 75, 568 (1956).

    Google Scholar 

  19. Aronson, S. M., and B. W. Volk Studies on serum aldolase activity in neuromuscular disorders. Amer. J. Med. 22, 414 (1957).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Aronson, S. M., and B. W. Volk Serum aldolase activity in neuromuscular disorders. 2. Experimental application. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.) 94, 360 (1957).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Aronson, S. M., and B. W. Volk, A. Saifer, A. Kanof, and B. W. Volk: Progression of amaurotic family idiocy as reflected by serum and cerebrospinal fluid changes. Amer. J. Med. 24, 390 (1958).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Aronson, S. M., and B. W. Volk, G. Perle, and B. W. Volk: Studies on enzyme alterations in the infantile sphingolipidoses. Correlation with pathologic changes. Amer. J. clin. Nutr. 9, 103 (1961).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Aronson, S. M., G. Perle, A. Saifer, and B. W. Volk: Biochemical identification of the carrier state in Tay-Sachs disease. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.) 111, 664 (1962).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Ashmore, C. R., and R. G. Somes Jr.: Delay of hereditary muscular dystrophy of the chicken by oxygen therapy. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.) 122, 1100 (1966).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Ashmore, C. R., and R. G. Somes Jr. and F. D. Vasington: Relative distributions of myoglobin derivatives in breast muscle of chickens with hereditary muscular dystrophy. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.) 122, 1104 (1966).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Askanas, W.: Immunoelectrophoretic examination of blood serum proteins in patients with neurogenic muscular atrophy. Life Sci. 5, 1517 (1966).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Askanas, W. Identification of the agent responsible for the abnormal immunoelectrophoretic pattern of serum in Duchenne’s progressive muscular dystrophy. Life Sci. 5, 1767 (1966).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Askanas, W. Immunoelectrophoretic investigations of the serum of carriers of Duchenne’s progressive muscular dystrophy. Life Sci. 5, 1775 (1966).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Askanas, W. Immunoelectrophoretic investigations of blood serum proteins in muscular diseases. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiat. 30, 43 (1967).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Asmundson, S., F. H. Kratzer, and L. M. Julian: Inherited myopathy in the chicken. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 138, 49 (1966).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Asmundson, V. S., and L. M. Julian: Inherited muscle abnormality in the domestic fowl. J. Hered. 47, 248 (1956).

    Google Scholar 

  32. Azzone, G. F., and M. Aloisi: Changes induced by E-avitaminosis on the proteins of rabbit-muscle extracts. Biochem. J. 69, 161 (1958).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Bär, U., u. M. C. Blanchaer: Glykogen and CO2 production from glucose and lactate by red and white skeletal muscle. Amer. J. Physiol. 209, 905 (1965).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Bajusz, E., and G. Jasmin: Studies on the activity and distribution of oxidative and hydrolytic enzymes in the skeletal and cardiac muscle of dystrophic mice kept on various diets. Rev. canad. Biol. 21, 409 (1962).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Bajusz, E. The “red” skeletal muscle fibers: relative independence of neural control. Life Sci. 145, 938 (1964).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Bajusz, E. Succinic dehydrogenase in muscular dystrophy. An experimental study on secondary changes resulting from disturbance in neuromuscular integrity. Exp. Med. Surg. 23, 169 (1965).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Bajusz, E., F. Homburger, J. R. Baker, and L. H. Opie: The heart muscle in muscular dystrophy with special reference to the involvement of the cardiovascular system in the hereditary myopathy of the hamster. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 138, 213 (1966).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Baker, N., M. Tubis, and W. H. Blahd: Metabolic and nutritional studies in mice with a hereditary myopathy (Dystrophia muscularis). Amer. J. Physiol. 193, 525 (1958).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Baker, N., W. H. Blahd, and P. Hart: Concentrations of K and Na in skeletal muscle of mice with a hereditary myopathy (Dystrophia muscularis). Amer. J. Physiol. 193, 530 (1958).

    Google Scholar 

  40. Baker, N., A. Bloom, and W. H. Blahd: Fatty acid peroxide-formation in tissue homogenates from mice with hereditary myopathy (Dystrophia muscularis). Amer. J. Physiol. 197, 483 (1959).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Baker, N. and R. Huebotter: Glucose metabolism and bicarbonate turnover in dystrophic mice. Amer. J. Physiol. 207, 1161 (1964).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Baker, R. D.: Uptake of alpha-aminoisobutyric acid by muscle of normal and dystrophic mice. Tex. Rep. Biol. Med. 22, Suppl. 1, 880 (1964).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Banker, B. Q.: A phase and electron microscopic study of dystrophic muscle. I. The pathological changes in the two-week-old Bar Habor 129 dystrophic mouse. J. Neuropath. exp. Neurol. 26, 259 (1967).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Banker, B. Q. and D. Denny-Brown: A study of denervated muscle in normal and dystrophic mice. J. Neuropath. exp. Neurol. 18, 517 (1959).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Barany, M., E. Gaetjens, and K. Barany: Myosin in hereditary muscular dystrophy of chickens. Ann. N.Y.Acad. Sci. 138, Art. 1, 360 (1966).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  46. Barranco, G.: Sul comportamento della transaminasi glutammico-ossalacetia del siero di sangue nella crush syndrome; ricerche sperimentali. Arch. Sci. med. 107, 383 (1959).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Barry, T. A., and H. Rosenkrantz: The level of isocitric acid dehydrogenase in tissues of vitamin E-deficient rabbits. J. Nutr. 76, 447 (1962).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Barwick, D. D.: Investigation of the carrier state in the Duchenne type dystrophy. In: Research in Muscular Dystrophy. London: Pitman 1963, p. 10.

    Google Scholar 

  49. Basinski, D. H., and J. P. Hummel: Further observations on the succinic dehydrogenase system and the effects of tocopherol esters. J. biol. Chem. 167, 339 (1947).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Bauza, C. A.: Urinary amino acids in progressive muscular dystrophy and amyotonia congenita. Arch. Pediat. Urug. 30, 749 (1959).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Beatty, C. H., G. M. Basinger, C. C. Dully, and R. M. Bocek: Comparison of red and white voluntary skeletal muscles of several species of primates. J. Histochem. Cytochem. 14, 590 (1966).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  52. Beatty, C. H., G. M. Basinger and R. M. Bocek: Differentation of red and white fibers in muscle from fetal, neontal and infant rhesus monkeys. J. Histochem. Cytochem. 15, 93 (1967).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Becker, P. E.: Neues zur Genetik der Myopathien. Wien. klin. Wschr. 79, 402 (1967).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Beckett, E. B., and G. H. Bourne: Some histochemical observations on human dystrophic muscle. Science 126, 357 (1957).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Beckett, E. B., and G. H. Bourne Histochemical observations on the cytochrome oxidase and succinic dehydrogenase activity of normal and diseased human muscle. Acta anat. (Basel) 33, 289 (1958).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Beckett, E. B., and G. H. Bourne 5-Nucleotidase in normal and diseased human skeletal muscle. J. Neuropath. exp. Neurol. 17, 199 (1958).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Beckett, E. B. Some applications of histochemistry to the study of skeletal muscle. Rev. canad. Biol. 21, 391 (1962).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Beckmann, R.: Therapeutische Erfahrungen bei der Behandlung der Erbschen Dystrophia musculorum progressiva mit Tocopherylphosphat und Inosit. Dtsch. Z. Nervenheilk. 167, 16 (1951).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. Beckmann, R. Die kolorimetrische Serum-Vitamin-E-(Tocopherol-)Bestimmung. Int. Z. Vitamin-Forsch. 24, 393 (1952).

    Google Scholar 

  60. Beckmann, R. Muskelstoffwechsel und Muskelkrankheiten (Vitamin E, Cholin, Inosit). Münch. med. Wschr. 117, 6 (1952).

    Google Scholar 

  61. Beckmann, R. Neuere pathogenetische Betrachtungen über die Dystrophia musculorum progressiva Erb, unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Ausscheidung an Gesamt-Neutral-C-17-Ketosteroiden. Klin. Wschr. 30, 465 (1952).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Beckmann, R. Zum Verhalten der Serumaldolaseaktivität bei Patienten mit Dystrophia musculorum progressiva Erb. Klin. Wschr. 34, 1237 (1956).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. Beckmann, R. Kohlenhydratstoffwechsel, Verhalten der Fructose-1,6-diphosphat spaltenden Aldolase im Serum und funktionsbedingter Wachstumswandel der Leber beim Neugeborenen und jungen Säugling. Mschr. Kinderheilk. 107, 258 (1959).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Beckmann, R. u. C. Billich: Die Leber bei der Dystrophia musculorum progressiva Erb (Biochemische und morphologische Befunde). Med. Welt (Stuttg.) 19, 1085 (1962).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Beckmann, R. and F. Jerusalem: Male carriers of Duchenne-type muscular dystrophy? Lancet 1966 II, 1138.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  66. Beckmann, R. u. V. v. Osten: Myoglobin und progressive Muskeldystrophie. Dtsch. med. Wschr. 91, 2267 (1966).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Beckmann, R. u. H. Ritter: Aminosäuren-Fleckenkartenbefunde bei progressiver Muskeldystrophie. Familienuntersuchungen. Dtsch. med. Wschr. 91, 2331 (1966).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. Beckmann, R. Aminosäurenfleckenkartenbefunde bei progressiver Muskeldystrophie (Familienbefunde). Mschr. Kinderheilk. 115, 285 (1967).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. Bell, E. T.: The interstitial granules of striated muscle and their relation. Int. Anat. Physiol. 28, 297 (1911).

    Google Scholar 

  70. Bencze, B., F. Gerloczy, M. Toth, and E. Ugrai: Quantitative changes in serum tocopherol (vitamin E) with age. Int. Z. Vitamin-Forsch. 1964, 391.

    Google Scholar 

  71. Bender, A. D., D. D. Schottelius, and B. A. Schottelius: Effect of vitamin E deficiency on protein composition of guinea pig skeletal muscle. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.) 102, 362 (1959).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. Benedict, J. D., M. Roche, T. F. Yu, E. J. Bien, A. B. Gutman, and D. Stetten: Incorporation of glycine nitrogen into uric acid in normal and gouty man. Metabolism 1, 3 (1952).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. Benedict, J. D., H. J. Kalinsky, L. A. Scarrone, A. R. Wertheim, and D. Stetten: The origin of urinary creatine in progressive muscular dystrophy. J. clin. Invest. 34, 141 (1955).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. Bengzon, A., H. Hippius u. K. Kanig: Veränderungen einiger Serumfermente während der psychiatrischen Pharmakotherapie. Dtsch. med. J. 17, 217 (1966).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. Berblinger, W., u. J. Dukens: Der kardiointestinale Symptomenkomplex bei der progressiven Muskeldystrophie. 1. Klinische und pathologisch-anatomische Beobachtungen. Z. Kinderheilk. 47, 1 (1929).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  76. Berechet, C., G. Pendefunda, C. Faighelis Si M. Ciobanu: Modificarile transaminazei si aldolazei in miopatii. Rev. méd.-chir. (Jassy) 66, 993 (1962).

    Google Scholar 

  77. Berenbaum, A. A., and W. Horrwitz: Heart involvement in progressive muscular dystrophy. Amer. Heart J. 51, 622 (1956).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  78. Berendes, J.: Die Leistung der Kehlkopfmuskulatur unter dem Aspekt der Elektronenmikroskopie und der Enzymchemie. Mschr. Ohrenheilk. 98, 524 (1964).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  79. Berg, L., F. G. Ebaugh, G. M. Shy, B. Horvath, and D. J. Cummings: Muscular dystrophy. Blood content of dystrophic muscles. J. appl. Physiol. 8, 31 (1953).

    Google Scholar 

  80. Berger, H.: Aminoaciduria in progressive muscular dystrophy. Rev. canad. Biol. 21, 567 (1962).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. Bergman, R. A.: Observations on the morphogenesis of rat skeletal muscle. Bull. Johns Hopk. Hosp. 110, 187, 201 (1962).

    Google Scholar 

  82. Bergström, J., and E. Hultman: The effect of exercise on muscle glycogen and electrolytes in normals. Scand. J. clin. Lab. Invest. 18, 16 (1966).

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  83. Berlinguet, L., and U. Srivastava: Proteolytic enzymes in normal and dystrophic mouse muscle. Canad. J. Biochem. 44, 613 (1966).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  84. Berni Canani, M., A. Coletta, F. Rea, and G. Fanuele: On the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and transketolase activities in the serum of subjects with progressive muscular dystrophy. Boll. Soc. ital. Biol. sper. 39, 766 (1963).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  85. Bevans, M.: Changes in musculature of gastrointestinal tract and in myocardium in progressive muscular dystrophy. Arch. Path. 40, 225 (1945).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  86. Bird, J. W. C., D. D. Schottelius, and B. A. Schottelius: Oxygen consumption of soleus muscles from normal, vitamin E-supplemented and vitamin E-deficient guinea pigs during rest and stimulation. Metabolism 12, 570 (1963).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  87. Bird, J. W. C. and N. A. B. Szabo: Lipid peroxidation in nutritional muscular dystrophy. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.) 117, 345 (1964).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  88. Bird, J. W. C. and F. Carabello: Serum ATP: creatine phosphotransferase activity in guinea pigs with experimental muscular dystrophy. Nature (Lond.) 210, 95 (1966).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  89. Biron, P., J. C. Dreyfus et F. Schapira: Différences métaboliques entre les muscles rouges et blancs chez le lapin. C. R. Soc. Biol. (Paris) 158, 1841 (1964).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  90. Blahd, W. H., F. K. Bauer, R. L. Libby, and A. S. Rose: Radioisotope studies in neuromuscular disease. 2. Studies in muscular dystrophy and myotonia dystrophica with sodium22 and potassium42. Neurology (Minneap.) 5, 201 (1955).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  91. Blahd, W. H., A. Bloom, and W. Drell: Qualitative study of aminoaciduria in muscular dystrophy and myotonia dystrophica. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.) 90, 704 (1955).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  92. Blahd, W. H., B. Cassen, and M. Lederer: Decreased body potassium in nondystrophic relatives of patients with muscular dystrophy. A biochemical trait. New Engl. J. Med. 270, 197 (1964).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  93. Blahd, W. H., M. Lederer, and B. Cassen: The significance of decreased body potassium concentrations in patients with muscular dystrophy and nondystrophic relatives. New Engl. J. Med. 27, 1349 (1967).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  94. Blanchaer, M. C., and M. Van Wijhe: Distribution of lactic dehydrogenase in skeletal muscle. Nature (Lond.) 193, 877 (1962).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  95. Blanchaer, M. C., and M. Van Wijhe: Isoenzymes of lactic dehydrogenase in skeletal muscle. Amer. J. Physiol. 202, 827 (1962).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  96. Blanchaer, M. C., and M. Van Wijhe and D. Mozersky: The oxidation of lactate and α-glycerophosphate by red and white skeletal muscle. I. Quantitative studies, J. Histochem. Cytochem. 11, 500 (1963).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  97. Blanchaer, M. C., and M. Van Wijhe: Respiration of mitochondria of red and white skeletal muscle. Amer. J. Physiol. 206, 1015 (1964).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  98. Blaxter, K. L., and W. A. Wood: Brit. J. Nutr. 6, 144 (1952).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  99. Blietz, R. J.: Über die Behandlung der progressiven Muskeldystrophie mit Glukose-Insulin-Infusionen. Z. Orthop. 100, 211 (1965).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  100. Blietz, R. J. Treatment of progressiv muscular dystrophy by combined infusions of glucose and insulin. Germ. med. Mth. 11, 280 (1966).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  101. Blietz, R. J. u. F. Paulmann: Glucose-Assimilation und Insulinwirkug bei x-chromosomaler rezessiv erblicher Muskeldystrophie (Typ Duchenne) im Belastungstest. Hoppe-Seylers Z. physiol. Chem. 347, 35 (1966).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  102. Blincoe, C., and D. W. Marble: Blood enzyme interrelationships in white muscle disease. Amer. J. vet. Res. 21, 866 (1960).

    Google Scholar 

  103. Bloor, W. R.: Effect of activity on the phospholipid and cholesterol content of muscle. J. biol. Chem. 119, 451 (1937).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  104. Blyth, H., C. O. Carter, V. Dubowitz, A. E. H. Emery, J. Gavin, H. A. Johnston, V. A. McKusick, R. R. Race, R. Sanger, and P. Tippett: Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy and the Xg blood groups: A search for linkage. J. med. Genet. 2, 157 (1965).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  105. Boas, E. P., and H. Lowenberg: The heart rate in progressive muscular dystrophy. Arch. intern. Med. 47, 376 (1931).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  106. Bocek, R. M., and C. H. Beatty: Glycogen synthetase and phosphorylase in red and white muscle of rat and rhesus monkey. J. Histochem. Cytochem. 14, 549 (1966).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  107. Bocek, R. M., R. D. Peterson, and C. H. Beatty: Glycogen metabolism in red and white muscle. Amer. J. Physiol. 210, 1101 (1966).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  108. Böhm, P., u. L. Baumeister: Über das Vorkommen neuraminsäurehaltiger Glykoproteide in Körperflüssigkeiten. Hoppe-Seylers Z. physiol. Chem. 305, 42 (1956).

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  109. Boellner, S. W., E. J. Olson, D. Fredrickson, and E. R. Hughes: Plasma and erythrocyte magnesium in muscular dystrophy. Amer. J. Dis. Child. 110, 172 (1965).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  110. Bois, P.: Leucine aminopeptidase activity in muscles of dystrophic mice. Experientia (Basel) 20, 140 (1964).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  111. Bois, P. Mast cells and histamine concentration in muscle and liver of dystrophic mice. Amer. J. Physiol. 206, 338 (1964).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  112. Bonati, B., C. Lacerenza, G. B. Rancati e L. T. Tenconi: Studio comparativo sul comoratamento della glutamico-ossalacetico transaminasi serica ed epatica in scariate situazioni morbose e nel corso dello shock chirurgico. Minerva med. 47, 267 (1956).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  113. Bond, T. P., M. A. Guest, and M. M. Guest: Blood clotting and fibrinolytic studies in patients with muscular dystrophy. Tex. Rep. Biol. Med. 22, 886 (1964).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  114. Bonetti, E., F. N. Toschi e M. Levi: Le frazioni del fosforo acido-solubile nella distrofia muscolare progressiva. Sperimentale 104, 315 (1954).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  115. Borsook, H., and J. W. Dubnoff: The hydrolysis of phosphocreatine and the origin of urinary creatinine. J. biol. Chem. 168, 493 (1947).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  116. Bourdakos, N., and S. Wolf: Creatine and muscular dystrophy. Arch. Neurol. (Chic.) 6, 439 (1962).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  117. Bourne, G. H., and M. N. Golarz: Histochemical demonstration of acetylphosphate phosphatase in normal and dystrophic human muscle. Arch. Biochem. 85, 109 (1959).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  118. Bourne, G. H., and M. N. Golarz Human muscular dystrophy as an aberration of the connective tissue. Nature (Lond.) 183, 1741 (1959).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  119. Bourne, G. H., and M. N. Golarz Histochemical evidence for a possible primary biochemical lesion in muscular dystrophy. J. Histochem. Cytochem. 11, 286 (1963).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  120. Boyd, J. W.: L-Lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme in serum and tissues from lambs with acute muscular dystrophy. Biochem. J. 92, 17 p (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  121. Boyer, S. H., D. C. Fainer, and M. A. Naughton: Myoglobin: Inherited structural variation in man. Science 140, 1228 (1963).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  122. Boyer, S. H., D. C. Fainer Genetics and disease of muscle. Amer. J. Med. 35, 622 (1963).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  123. Bozzi, E.: Pediatria 12, 353 (1953).

    Google Scholar 

  124. Bramwell, E.: Muscular dystrophy, sympathetic system and endocrine glands. Lancet 1925, 1103.

    Google Scholar 

  125. Brandt, D. E., and C. R. Leeson: Structural differences of fast and slow fibers in human extraocular muscle. Amer. J. Ophthal. 62, 478 (1966).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  126. Braun, P.: Contribution to the study of postnatal changes in the skeletal muscle in man. Folia morph. (Praha) 15, 11 (1967).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  127. Breemen, V. L. Van: Ultrastructure of human muscle. II. Observations on dystrophic striated muscle fibers. Amer. J. Path. 37, 333 (1960).

    Google Scholar 

  128. Breton, A., B. Gaudier, M. Traisnel et C. Ponte: Étude du taux des transaminases et de l’aldolase sériques au cours des myopathies. Presse méd. 67, 2329 (1959).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  129. Breton, A., B. Gaudier, M. Traisnel et C. Ponte Étude du taux des transaminases et de l’aldolase sériques au cours des myopathies. Pédiatrie 15, 19 (1960).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  130. Brick, I. B.: The clinical significance of aminoaciduria. New Engl. J. Med. 247, 635 (1952).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  131. Brody, I. A., and W. K. Engel: Isozyme histochemistry: The display of selective lactate dehydrogenase isozymes in sections of skeletal muscle. J. Histochem. Cyto-chem. 12, 687 (1964).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  132. Brody, I. A. The significance of lactate dehydrogenase isozymes in abnormal human skeletal muscle. Neurology (Minneap.) 14, 1091 (1964).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  133. Brody, I. A. Effect of denervation on the lactate dehydrogenase isozymes of skeletal muscle. Nature (Lond.) 205, 196 (1965).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  134. Brody, I. A. Clinical biochemistry of the myopathies. In: Current Concepts of Myopathies. Edit. by W. K. Engel. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippingcott 1966, p. 74.

    Google Scholar 

  135. Brooke, M. H., and W. K. Engel: Use of phenazine methosulfate in enzyme histochemistry of human muscle biopsies. Neurology (Minneap.) 16, 986 (1966).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  136. Broser, F.: Das Verhalten der Serumcholinesterase im Verlauf der Myasthenia gravis pseudoparalytica. Ein Beitrag zur Unterscheidung verschiedener Formen des my-asthenischen Syndromes. Nervenarzt 35, 49 (1964).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  137. Brugsch, J., H. Möller u. H. Obstoi: Erfahrungen mit der Glutaminsäure-Therapie bei der progressiven Muskeldystrophie. Z. ges. inn. Med. 7, 441 (1951).

    Google Scholar 

  138. Brugsch, J. u. K. Brockmann-Rohne: Untersuchungen zur klinischen Problematik der progressiven Muskeldystrophie. Leipzig: G. Thieme 1958.

    Google Scholar 

  139. Brugsch, J. u. K. Brockmann-Rohne u. H. Fromm: Enzymveränderungen im Blut bei progressiver Muskeldystrophie. Z. ges. inn. Med. 15, 891 (1960).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  140. Brumlick, J., H. Wachs, W. Hummel, and B. Boshes: Dermatomyositis. A discussion of the recent literature and report of two cases. Quart. Bull. Northw. Univ. med. Sch. 33, 22 (1959).

    Google Scholar 

  141. Bruns, F., u. W. Puls: Die Aktivität der Serumaldolase bei Erkrankungen der Leber. Ein neuer enzymatischer Test. Klin. Wschr. 32, 656 (1954).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  142. Buckley, R. D., D. D. Schottelius, and B. A. Schottelius: Influence of antioxidants on myoglobin concentrations in vitamin E-deficient guinea pig skeletal muscle. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.) 114, 614 (1963).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  143. Bunting, C. H.: Amer. J. med. Sci. 135, 244 (1908).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  144. Bunyan, J., E. A. Murrell, J. Green, and A. T. Diplock: On the existence and significance of lipid peroxides in vitamin E-deficient animals. Brit. J. Nutr. 21, 475 (1967).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  145. Burger, A., R. Richterich u. H. Aebi: Die Heterogenität der Kreatin-Kinase. Biochem. Z. 339, 305 (1963).

    Google Scholar 

  146. Buscaino, G. A.: Panorama patogenetico-biochimico delle distrofie muscolari e della miotonia. Acta neurol. (Napoli) 14, 1 (1959).

    Google Scholar 

  147. Buscaino, G. A. ed A. Corsi: Studio elettroforetico delle proteine muscolari in soggetti con affezioni neuromuscolari. Acta neurol. (Napoli) 14, 397 (1959).

    Google Scholar 

  148. Buscaino, G. A. eV. Spadetta: Studio sulla sideremia di soggetti con distrofia muscolare progressiva in condizioni basalie dopo terapia rimetabolizzante. Acta neurol. (Napoli) 19, 509 (1964).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  149. Buscaino, G. A. ed O. Sepe: Il comportamento della attivita aldolasica e transaminasica serica nella distrofia muscolare progressiva in condizioni die base e dopo terapia anabolizzante e rimetabolizzante. Acta neurol. (Napoli) 19, 523 (1964).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  150. Buscaino, G. A. Comparison of the serum iron level and the muscular myoglobin content in neuromuscular diseases. Proc. 8th Int. Congr. Neurology, Vienna 1965, Tom. II, p. 199.

    Google Scholar 

  151. Buscaino, G. A. Sideremia e mioglobina muscolare nella distrofia muscolare progressiva ed in altre malattie neuromuscolari. Acta neurol. (Napoli) 21, 26 (1966).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  152. Cahn, R. D., N. O. Kaplan, L. Levine, and E. Zwilling: Nature and development of lactic dehydrogenases. Science 136, 962 (1962).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  153. Calvert, C. C., M. C. Nesheim, and M. L. Scott: Effectiveness of selenium in prevention of nutritional muscular dystrophy in the chick. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.) 109, 16 (1962).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  154. Calvi, L. A.: Processi ossido-riduttivi e fenomeni di affaticamento nella distrofia muscolare progressiva, ricerche sulla mucoproteinuria. Riv. Pat. nerv. ment. 77, 657 (1956).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  155. Camp, W. A., and W. K. Engel: Myopathies associated with other diseases. In: Current Concepts of Myopathies. Edit. by W. K. Engel. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippingcott 1966, p. 19.

    Google Scholar 

  156. Canal, K, L. Frattola, and A. E. Poloni: Studies on the “pentose phosphate” pathway in denervated skeletal muscle. Med. exp. (Basel) 10, 79 (1964).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  157. Cao, A., A. Macciotta, G. Fiorelli, P. M. Mannucci, and G. Ideo: Chromatographic and electrophoretic pattern of lactate and malate dehydrogenase in normal human adult and foetal muscle and in muscle of patients affected by Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Enzym. biol. clin. 7, 156 (1966).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  158. Carey, M. M., and D. D. Dziewiatkowski: The adenosinetriphosphatase and phosphatase (acid and alkaline) activity of muscle homogenates from rabbits on a vitamin E-deficient diet. J. biol. Chem. 179, 119 (1949).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  159. Carpenter, M. P., A. E. Kitabchi, P. B. McCay, and R. Caputto: The activation by tocopherol and other agents of ascorbic acid synthesis by liver homogenates from vitamin E-deficient rats. J. biol. Chem. 234, 2814 (1959).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  160. Caruso, G., and F. Buchthal: Refractory period of muscle and electromyographic findings in relatives of patients with muscular dystrophy. Brain 88, 29 (1965).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  161. Carver, M. J., S. J. Dutch, and C. L. Wittson: Aminoaciduria in representative neuromuscular disorders. Metabolism 10, 582 (1961).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  162. Cassens, R. G., W. G. Hoekstra, E. C. Faltin, and E. J. Briskey: Zinc content and subcellular distribution in red vs. white porcine skeletal muscle. Amer. J. Physiol. 212, 688 (1967).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  163. Casula, D., P. Cherchi, and A. Spinazzola: Contribution to the blood enzyme picture during muscular work. G. Clin. med. 42, 499 (1961).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  164. Cattaneo, C., e B. Mariani: Ricerche sui poteri enzimatici del sangue nelle miopatie. 44e Congr. Soc. ital. Med. intern. Pozzi, Roma 1938, p. 79.

    Google Scholar 

  165. Cerretelli, P., A. Cantone, M. L. Morandini, and R. Mammano: Effect of fatigue on the efflux of aldolase from isolated muscle. Boll. Soc. ital. Biol. sper. 35, 1935 (1959).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  166. Chadd, M., O. P. Gray, R. A. Saunders, and R. T. Jones: Serum aldolase and phosphocreatine kinase in umbilical cord blood. J. clin. Path. 19, 600 (1966).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  167. Chanutin, A.: The fate of creatine when administered to man. J. biol. Chem. 67, 29 (1926).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  168. Chinoy, N. J.: Histochemical localization of myoglobin in the pigeon breast muscle. J. Anim. Morph. Physiol. 10, 74 (1963).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  169. Chowdhury, S. R., C. M. Pearson, W. W. Fowler Jr., and W. H. Griffith: Serum enzyme studies in muscular dystrophy. III. Serum malic dehydrogenase, 5-nucleotidase and adenosine-triphosphatase. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.) 109, 227 (1962).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  170. Chung, C. S., N. E. Morton, and H. A. Peters: Discrimination of genetic entities in muscular dystrophy. Amer. hum. Genet. 11, 339 (1959).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  171. Chung, C. S., N. E. Morton, and H. A. Peters Serum enzymes and genetic carriers in muscular dystrophy. Amer. J. hum. Genet. 12, 52 (1960).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  172. Chung, C. S. Serum enzymes and genetics of muscular dystrophy. In: Progressive Muskeldystrophie, Myotome, Myasthenie. Hrsg. von E. Kuhn. Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer 1966, p. 77.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  173. Citoler, P., L. Benitez u. W. Maurer: Untersuchungen der Protein-Syntheserate in roten und weißen Muskelfasern. Exp. Cell Res. 45, 195 (1967).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  174. Clayton, B. E., K. M. Wilson, and C. O. Carter: Aldolase activity in the plasma or serum of normal children and families with muscular dystrophy. Arch. Dis. Childh. 38, 208 (1963).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  175. Clotten, R.: Aminoacidurie bei Myopathien. In: Myopathien. Hrsg. von R. Beckmann. Stuttgart: G. Thieme 1965, S. 139.

    Google Scholar 

  176. Cohen, L., J. Block, J. Djordjevich, and E. Bay: Sex-related difference in serum lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) isozymes. J. Lab. clin. Med. 68, 865 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  177. Coleman, D. L., and M. E. Ashworth: Incorporation of glycine-1-C14 into nucleic acids and proteins of mice with hereditary muscular dystrophy. Amer. J. Physiol. 197, 839 (1959).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  178. Coleman, D. L., and M. E. Ashworth Influence of diet on transaminase activity in dystrophic mice. Amer. J. Physiol. 199, 927 (1960).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  179. Coleman, R. F., A. W. Nienhuis, W. J. Brown, T. L. Munsat, and C. M. Pearson: New myopathy with mitochondrial enzyme hyperactivity. Histochemical demonstration. J. Amer. med. Ass. 199, 624 (1967).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  180. Coletta, A., M. Berni Canani, F. Schettini, F. Rea e F. Cigala: Aspetti biochimici della distrofia muscolare progressiva. Pediatria (Napoli) 70, 779 (1962).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  181. Colombo, J. P., R. Richterich u. E. Rossi: Serum-Kreatin-Phosphokinase: Bestimmung und diagnostische Bedeutung. Klin. Wschr. 40, 37 (1962).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  182. Cope, F. W., and B. D. Polis: Increased plasma glutamic oxalacetic transaminase activity in monkeys due to non-specific stress effect. J. Aviat. Med. 30, 90 (1959).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  183. Corridori, F.: Research on the electrophoretic picture of the blood proteins and glycoproteins in progressive muscular dystrophy and in dystrophia myotonica. Riv. sper. Freniat. 84, 52 (1960).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  184. Coursini, F., ed E. Cacciari: La glicolisi e l’aldolasi eritrocitarie nella distrofia muscolare. Clin. pediat. (Bologna) 40, 743 (1958).

    Google Scholar 

  185. Craver, W. L., G. Johnson, and J. M. Beal: Alterations in serum glutamic-oxal-acetic transaminase activity following operations. Surg. Forum 8, 77 (1957).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  186. Crowe, G. G.: Acute dilation of stomach as complication of muscular dystrophy. Brit. med. J. 1961, 1371.

    Google Scholar 

  187. Cumings, J. N.: Potassium content of muscle in disease. Brain 62, 153 (1939).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  188. Cumings, J. N. and O. Maas: Blood changes in dystrophia myotonica. Brain 62, 422 (1939).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  189. Cumings, J. N. Creatine and guanidoacetic acid metabolism in muscle disease. Brain 76, 299 (1953).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  190. Cutillo, S., A. Coletta, F. Rea, and M. Berni-Canani: On the behavior of some enzyme activities in the serum of a patient with progressive muscular dystrophy during viral hepatitis. Boll. Soc. ital. Biol. sper. 39, 762 (1963).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  191. Cutillo, S., F. Rea, M. Berni Canani e G. Stoppoloni: Studio delle curve glicemiche dopo somministrazione di adrenalina, glucagone, glucosioinsulina e tolbutamide in bambini con distrofia muscolare progressiva. Pediatria (Napoli) 74, 176 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  192. D’abbicco, V., ed A. D. Tullio: Variazione della attivita dell’aminoferasi (transaminasi) del siero nei pazienti chirurgici. Acta chir. ital. 14, 539 (1958).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  193. Dam, H.: Relationship of vitamin E-deficiency to tissue peroxides. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 52, 195 (1949).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  194. Dam, H., I. Prange, and E. Sondergaard: Muscular degeneration (white striation of muscles) in chicks reared on vitamin E-deficient, low fat diets. Acta path. microbiol. scand. 31, 172 (1953).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  195. Danowski, T. S.: Electrolyte and endocrine studies in muscular dystrophy. Amer. J. phys. Med. 34, 281 (1955).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  196. Danowski, T. S., R. Schwartz, G. J. Rhodes, R. D. Yoder, A. J. Puntereri, and F. M. Mateer: Serum protein-bound iodine levels following administration of thyroxin in various diseases. J. clin. Endocr. 15, 1116 (1955).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  197. Danowski, T. S, P. M. Wirth, M. H. Leinberger, L. A. Randall, and J. H. Peters: Muscular dystrophy. III. Serum and blood solutes and other laboratory indices. Amer. J. Dis. Child. 91, 346 (1956).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  198. Danowski, T. S, R. M. Bastiani, F. D. McWilliams, F. M. Mateer, and L. Greenman: Muscular dystrophy. IV. Endocrine studies. Amer. J. Dis. Child. 91, 356 (1956).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  199. Danowski, T. S, H. K. Gillespie, T. J. Egan, F. M. Mateer, and M. H. Leinberger: Muscular dystrophy. V. Blood sugar and serum electrolytes following insulin and dextrose, alone or in combination. Amer. J. Dis. Child. 91, 429 (1956).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  200. — The clinical implications of basic research in muscular dystrophy. Chapter Repr. Meeting, Musc. Dystr. Ass. America, Atlantic City, June 1958.

    Google Scholar 

  201. Danowski, T. S, J. Van Diermen, A. C. Heineman, and F. M. Mateer: Muscular dystrophy. X. Endocrine and electrolyte effects of methyltestosterone-KCl therapy. Amer. J. Dis. Child. 97, 555 (1959).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  202. Dawson, D. M., T. L. Goodfriend, and N. O. Kaplan: Lactic dehydrogenases. Functions of the two types and rates of synthesis of the two major forms which can be correlated with metabolic differentiation. Science 143, 929 (1964).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  203. Dawson, D. M. and F. C. A. Romanul: Enzymes in muscle. II. Histochemical and quantitative studies. Arch. Neurol. (Chic.) 11, 369 (1964).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  204. Dawson, D. M. and N. O. Kaplan: Factors influencing the concentration of enzymes in various muscles. J. biol. Chem. 240, 3215 (1965).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  205. Dawson, D. M. Leakage of enzymes from denervated and dystrophic chicken muscle. Arch. Neurol. (Chic.) 14, 321 (1966).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  206. Dawson, D. M. Efflux of enzymes from chicken muscle. Biochim. biophys. Acta (Amst.) 113, 144 (1966).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  207. Dawson, D. M. and I. H. Fine: Creatine kinase in human tissues. Arch. Neurol. (Chic.) 16, 175 (1967).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  208. Debré, R., J. Marie et D. Nachmansohn: Étude chimique du muscle prélevé par biopsie dans la myopathie. C. R. Acad. Sci. (Paris) 202, 520 (1936).

    Google Scholar 

  209. Delbrück, A.: Untersuchungen über Enzyme des Energie-Stoffwechsels im Bindegewebe. Klin. Wschr. 40, 677 (1962).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  210. Delbrück, A. Enzymverteilungsmuster gefäßloser Gewebe. Klin. Wschr. 41, 488 (1963).

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  211. Delbrück, A. Zur Enzymologie der Bindegewebe. Enzym. biol. clin. 4, 84 (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  212. Della Porta, P., e B. Soldati: Valutazione della funzionalita miocardica mediante il test d’ipossia in un gruppo di soggetti miopatici. Folia cardiol. (Milano) 22, 101 (1963).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  213. Demos, J., et J. Coiffier: Troubles circulatoires au cours de la myopathie. Études artériographiques. Rev. franç. Étud. clin. biol. 2, 489 (1957).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  214. Demos, J., C. Bohuon u. P. Maroteaux: Une nouvelle technique de mesure de temps de circulation générale de bras. à bras Rev. franç. Étud. clin. biol. 5, 707 (1960).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  215. Demos, J. Un nouveau problème posé par la myopathie humaine: les troubles des temps de circulation et leur liaison avec l’activité enzymatique sérique. Bull. Soc. méd. Hôp. (Paris) 77, 636 (1961).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  216. Demos, J., J. C. Dreyfus, F. Schapira et G. Schapira: Anomalies biologiques chez les transmetteurs apparemment sains de la myopathie. Rev. canad. Biol. 21, 587 (1962).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  217. Demos, J. et G. Schapira: Enzymes sériques et temps de circulation au cours des myopathies. Ann. Méd. phys. 5, 273 (1963).

    Google Scholar 

  218. Denny-Brown, D.: The histological features of striped muscle in relation to its functional activity. Proc. roy. Soc. Med. 104, 371 (1929).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  219. Desai, I. D., C. C. Calvert, M. L. Scott, and A. L. Tappel: Peroxidation and lysosomes in nutritional muscular dystrophy of chicks. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.) 115, 462 (1964).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  220. Desai, I. D., C. C. Calvert, M. L. Scott, and A. L. Tappel A time-sequence study of the relationship of peroxidation, lysosomal enzymes, and nutritional muscular dystrophy. Arch. Biochem. 108, 60 (1964).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  221. Diehl, J. F.: Amino aciduria of E-avitaminosis. Exceptional role of glycine. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.) 100, 657 (1959).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  222. Diessner, G. R., F. M. Howard Jr., R. K. Winkelmann, E. H. Lambert, and D. W. Mulder: Laboratory tests in polymyositis. Arch. intern. Med. 117, 757 (1966).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  223. Dinning, J. S.: Some effects of vitamin E on amino acid metabolism. Fed. Proc. 12, 412 (1953).

    Google Scholar 

  224. Dinning, J. S. The role of vitamin E in regulating the turnover rate of nucleic acids. J. biol. Chem. 212, 735 (1955).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  225. Dinning, J. S., J. T. Sime, and P. L. Day: The influence of vitamin E-deficiency on the metabolism of sodium formate-C14 and glycine-1-C14 by the rabbit. J. biol. Chem. 217, 205 (1955).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  226. Dinning, J. S., J. T. Sime, and P. L. Day An increased incorporation of P32 into nucleic acids by vitamin E-deficient rabbits. J. biol. Chem. 222, 215 (1956).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  227. Dinning, J. S., K. W. Cosgrove, C. D. Fitch, and P. L. Day: Influence of vitamin E-deficiency in rabbits on urinary excretion of free amino acids. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.) 91, 632 (1956).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  228. Dinning, J. S. and P. L. Day: Vitamin E-deficiency in the monkey. III. The metabolism of sodium formate-C14. J. biol. Chem. 233, 240 (1958).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  229. Dinning, J. S. and C. D. Fitch: Creatine metabolism in vitamin E-deficiency. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.) 97, 109 (1958).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  230. Dobashi, S.: Studies on the clinical significance of malic dehydrogenase activity in infancy and childhood. III. On the serum malic dehydrogenase activity in diseases of muscles and nervous system. Acta paediat. jap. 8, 34 (1966).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  231. Dobson, H. L., and M. Kasahara: NADH2 — cytochrome c reductase and cytochrome c oxidase in experimental muscle disorders. Tex. Rep. Biol. Med. 22, 890 (1964).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  232. Domonkos, J.: The metabolism of the tonic and tetanic muscles. I. Glycolytic metabolism. Arch. Biochem. 95, 138 (1961).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  233. Domonkos, J. and L. Latzkovits: The metabolism of the tonic and tetanic muscles. II. Oxidative metabolism. Arch. Biochem. 95, 144 (1961).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  234. Domonkos, J. The metabolism of the tonic and tetanic muscles. III. Pyruvate metabolism of the tonic and tetanic muscle. Arch. Biochem. 95, 147 (1961).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  235. Donaldson, J. S., M. J. Wratney, A. Pascassio, F. A. Weigand, and T. S. Danowski: Muscular dystrophy. III. Serum and blood solutes and other laboratory indices. Amer. J. Dis. Child. 91, 346 (1956).

    Google Scholar 

  236. Dowben, R. M., and K. R. Holley: Erythrocyte electrolytes in muscle disease. J. Lab. clin. Med. 54, 867 (1959).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  237. Dowben, R. M. and M. A. Perlstein: Muscular dystrophy treated with norethandrolone. Arch. intern. Med. 107, 245 (1961).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  238. Drachman, D. B., S. R. Murphy, M. P. Nigam, and J. R. Hills: “Myopathic” changes in chronically denervated muscle. Arch. Neurol. (Chic.) 20, 14 (1967).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  239. Drew, A. L., and B. T. Selving: Observations on pentosuria in neuromuscular disorders. Neurology (Minneap.) 3, 563 (1953).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  240. Dreyfus, J. C., et G. Schapira: Les syndromes biochimiques musculaires. Dans: Le Muscle. Étude de Biologie et de Pathologie. Moulins: Crepin-Leblond 1950, p. 357.

    Google Scholar 

  241. — Iron metabolism in muscular diseases. Proc. 1st Med. Conf. Musc. Dystr. Ass. America, New York 1951, p. 16.

    Google Scholar 

  242. Dreyfus, J. C. et G. Schapira: Glycogénolyse et phosphoglucomutase du muscle humain normal et myopathique. C. R. Soc. Biol. (Paris) 147, 1145 (1953).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  243. Dreyfus, J. C., M. Joly, G. Schapira et L. Raeber: Modifications précoces de la biréfringence d’écoulement de solutions de myosine après section nerveuse. C. R. Acad. Sci. (Paris) 236, 2351 (1953).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  244. Dreyfus, J. C., G. Schapira, and F. Schapira: Biochemical study of muscle in progressive muscular dystrophy. J. clin. Invest. 33, 794 (1954).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  245. Dreyfus, J. C., G. Schapira, and F. Schapira L’activité transaminasique du sérum au cours des myopathies. C. R. Soc. Biol. (Paris) 149, 1934 (1955).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  246. Dreyfus, J. C., G. Schapira, and F. Schapira, F. Schapira et J. Demos: Activités enzymatiques du muscle humain. Recherches sur la biochimie comparée de l’homme normal et myopathique et du rat. Clin. chim. Acta 1, 434 (1956).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  247. Dreyfus, J. C., G. Schapira, and F. Schapira Serum enzymes in physiopathology of muscles. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 75, 235 (1958).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  248. Dreyfus, J. C., G. Schapira, and F. Schapira et J. Demos: Études des différences artérioveineuses au cours des myopathies. 1. Oxygène, glucose et acide lactique. 2. Aldolase plasmatique. Clin. chim. Acta 3, 571 (1958).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  249. Dreyfus, J. C., G. Schapira, and F. Schapira Enzymes musculaires et sériques en pathologie musculaire. Dans: Régulations enzymatiques en clinique. Édit par A. Gijon et H. Ludwig. Basel: B. Schwabe 1960.

    Google Scholar 

  250. Dreyfus, J. C., G. Schapira, and F. Schapira and J. Demos: Study of serum creatine kinase in myopathic patients and their families. Rev. franç. Étud. clin. biol. 5, 384 (1960).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  251. Dreyfus, J. C., G. Schapira, and F. Schapira, J. Demos, F. Schapira et G. Schapira: La lacticodèshydrogénase musculaire chez le myopathe: persistance apparente du type fétal. C. R. Acad. Sci. (Paris) 254, 4384 (1962).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  252. Dreyfus, J. C., G. Schapira, and F. Schapira u. G. Schapira: Biochemie der progressiven Muskeldystrophie. Klin. Wschr. 40, 373 (1962).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  253. Dreyfus, J. C., G. Schapira, and F. Schapira Biochemistry of hereditary myopathies. Springfield, Ill.: Ch. Thomas 1962.

    Google Scholar 

  254. Dreyfus, J. C., G. Schapira, and F. Schapira Problems in the biochemistry of progressive muscular dystrophy. In: Research in Muscular Dystrophy. London: Pitman 1962, p. 127.

    Google Scholar 

  255. Dreyfus, J. C., G. Schapira, and F. Schapira, F. Schapira, J. Demos, R. Rosa, and G. Schapira: The value of serum enzyme determinations in the identification of dystrophic carriers. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 138, 304 (1966).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  256. Dreyfus, J. C., G. Schapira, and F. Schapira et G. Schapira: Biochimie et enzymologie des dystrophies musculaires (Myopathies). In: Progressive Muskeldystrophie, Myotonie, Myasthenie. Hrsg. von E. Kuhn. Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer 1966, p. 42.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  257. Dryer, R. L., A. R. Tammes, J. I. Routh, and W. D. Paul: Blood lipids in progressive muscular dystrophy. Proc. Iowa Acad. Sci. 63, 398 (1956).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  258. Dubach, U. C.: Diagnostische Bedeutung der Serum-Glutaminsäure-Oxalessigsäure-transaminase. Helv. med. Acta 24, 357 (1957).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  259. Dubach, U. C.: Die Glutaminsäure-Oxalessigsäure-Transaminase in ihrer diagnostischen Bedeutung. Z. klin. Med. 154, 593 (1957).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  260. Dubowitz, V., and A. G. E. Pearse: A comparative study of oxidative enzyme and phosphorylase activity in skeletal muscle. Histochemie 2, 105 (1960).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  261. Dubowitz, V. Reciprocal relationship of phosphorylase and oxidative enzymes in skeletal muscle. Nature (Lond.) 185, 701 (1960).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  262. Dubowitz, V. Enzymic activity of normal and dystrophic human muscle: a histochemical study. J. Path. Bact. 81, 365 (1961).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  263. Dubowitz, V. Myopathic changes in a muscular dystrophy carrier. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiat. 26, 322 (1963).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  264. Dubowitz, V. and A. G. E. Pearse: Histochemical aspects of muscle disease. In: Disorders of Voluntary Muscle. Edit. by J. N. Walton. London: J. A. Churchill 1964, p. 194.

    Google Scholar 

  265. Dubowitz, V. Enzyme histochemistry of skeletal muscle. I. Developing animal muscle. II. Developing human muscle. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiat. 28, 516 (1965).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  266. Dubowitz, V. Enzyme histochemistry of skeletal muscle. III. Neurogenic muscular atrophies. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiat. 29, 23 (1966).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  267. Dubowitz, V. and D. L. Newman: Change in enzyme pattern after cross-innervation of fast and slow skeletal muscle. Nature (Lond.) 214, 840 (1967).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  268. Dubowitz, V. Further studies on fibre types in skeletal muscle. In: Research in Muscular Dystrophy. London: Pitman 1968, p. 100.

    Google Scholar 

  269. Dudley, M., and W. C. Gibson: Photomicrographic study on the capillary nail beds of muscular dystrophy patients. Canad. med. Ass. J. 90, 1226 (1964).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  270. Duve, C.De: Lysosomes, a new group of cytoplasmic particles. In: Subcellular particles. Edit. by T. Hayashi. New York: Ronald Press 1959, p. 128.

    Google Scholar 

  271. Ebashi, S., Y. Toyokura, H. Momoi, and H. Sugita: High creatine phosphokinase activity of sera of progressive muscular dystrophy. J. Biochem. (Tokyo) 46, 103 (1959).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  272. Eckert, H., u. R. Kirst: Das Herz bei der Dystrophia musculorum progressiva (Erb). Zbl. allg. Path. path. Anat. 109, 264 (1966).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  273. Ekbom, K., R. Hed, C. G. Herdenstam et al.: The serum creatine phosphokinase activity and the Achilles reflex in hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism. Acta med. scand. 179, 433 (1966).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  274. El-Khatib, S., u. A. Chenau, M. P. Carpenter, R. E. Trucco, and R. Caputto: Possible presence of lipid peroxides in tissues of tocopherol-deficient animals. Nature (Lond.) 201, 188 (1964).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  275. Elkington, J. S. C., and M. W. Goldblatt: Effect of adrenaline in certain muscular disorders. Lancet 1933, 693.

    Google Scholar 

  276. Emery, A. E. H.: Clinical manifestations in two carriers of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Lancet 1963 I, 1126.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  277. Emery, A. E.: Electrophoretic pattern of lactic dehydrogenase in carriers and patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Nature (Lond.) 201, 1044 (1964).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  278. Emery, A. E.:, D. H. Sherbourne, and A. Pusch: Electrophoretic pattern of muscle lactic dehydrogenase in various diseases. Arch. Neurol. (Chic.) 12, 251 (1965).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  279. Emery, A. E.: Muscle histology in carriers of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. J. med. Genet. 2, 1 (1965).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  280. Emery, A. E. H.: Carrier detection in sex-linked muscular dystrophy. J. Génét. hum. 14, 318 (1965).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  281. Emery, A. E., and F. M. Pascasio: The effects of pregnancy on the concentration of creatine kinase in serum, skeletal muscle, and myometrium. Amer. J. Obstet. Gynec. 91, 18 (1965).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  282. Emery, A. E. H., R. D. Teasdall, and E. N. Coomes: Electromyographic studies in carriers of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Bull. Johns Hopk. Hosp. 118, 439 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  283. Engel, W. K.: The essentiality of histo-and cytochemical studies of skeletal muscle in the investigation of neuromuscular disease. Neurology (Minneap.) 12, 778 (1962).

    Google Scholar 

  284. Engel, W. K. and G. G. Cunningham: Rapid examination of muscle tissue. An improved trichrome method for fresh-frozen biopsy sections. Neurology (Minneap.) 13, 919 (1963).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  285. Engel, W. K. Histochemistry of neuromuscular disease. Significance of muscle fiber types. Proc. 8th Congr. Neurology, Vienna 1965, Tom. II, p. 67.

    Google Scholar 

  286. Engel, W. K. and L. A. H. Hogenhuis: Genetically determined myopathies. In: Current Concepts of Myopathy. Edit. by W. K. Engel. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippingcott 1966.

    Google Scholar 

  287. Engel, W. K. Focal myopathic changes produced by electromyographic and hypodermic needles, “needle myopathy”. Arch. Neurol. (Chic.) 16, 509 (1967).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  288. Engelhardt-Gölkel, A., K. Lobel, W. Seitz u. I. Woller: Über das Verhalten und die Herkunft glykolytischer Serumenzyme beim Menschen und ihre diagnostische Bedeutung. Klin. Wschr. 36, 462 (1958).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  289. Eppenberger, M., C. W. Nixon, J. R. Baker, and F. Homburger: Serum phosphocreatine kinase in hereditary muscular dystrophy and cardiac necrosis of Syrian golden hamsters. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.) 117, 465 (1964).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  290. Erbslöh, F., u. P. Klärner: Vergleichende klinische, bioptische und biochemische Untersuchungen bei chronischen Myopathien. Klin. Wschr. 31, 1059 (1953).

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  291. Erbslöh, F. Histo-und biochemische Befunde bei dystrophischen Myopathien. Dtsch. Z. Nervenheilk. 173, 503 (1955).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  292. Ernst, K., u. P. Wiechert: Biochemische Untersuchungen bei progressiver Muskeldystrophie. Nervenarzt 35, 354 (1964).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  293. Eshchar, J., and H. J. Zimmerman: Creatine phosphokinase in disease. Amer. J. med. Sci. 253, 272 (1967).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  294. Evans, J. H., and R. W. R. Baker: Serum aldolase and the diagnosis of myopathy. Brain 80, 557 (1957).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  295. Evans, T. C., Jr., and B. A. Schottelius: Phase portraits of dystrophic and non-dystrophic mouse muscle-fiber action potentials. Amer. J. Physiol. 208, 724 (1965).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  296. Evans, T. C., Jr., and B. A. Schottelius Phase portraits of normal mouse muscle-fiber action potentials in high calcium. Amer. J. Physiol. 208, 732 (1965).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  297. Fahimi, H. D., and C. R. Amarasingham: Cytochemical localization of lactic dehydrogenase in white skeletal muscle. J. Cell Biol. 22, 29 (1964).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  298. Fahimi, H. D. and P. Roy: Cytochemical localization of lactate dehydrogenase in muscular dystrophy of the mouse. Science 152, 1761 (1966).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  299. Farrell, P. M., E. L. Eyerman, and L. L. Tureen: Comparison of plasma creatine phosphokinase changes in nutritional and genetic muscular dystrophy in the chicken. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 138, 102 (1966).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  300. Farriaux, J. P., A. Hoste, M. P. Guinamakd, R. Havez, G. Fontaine et L. Christiaens: Étude de la lactico-dèshydrogénase et de ses iso-enzymes dans la dystrophie musculaire progressive de l’enfant. Pédriatrie 21, 443 (1966).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  301. Fassio, E.: Les manifestations digestives et biliaires des myopathies. Presse méd. 59, 191 (1951).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  302. Feissli, S., G. Forster, G. Laudahn, E. Schmidt u. F. W. Schmidt: Normal-Werte und Alterung von Hauptketten-Enzymen im Serum. Klin. Wschr. 44, 390 (1966).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  303. Felsch, G., O. Hoffmeyer u. G. Richter: Herzbeteiligung bei Dystrophia musculorum progressiva Erb. Z. ges. inn. Med. 21, 73 (1966).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  304. Fenichel, G. M., and W. K. Engel: Histochemistry of muscle in infantile spinal muscular atrophy. Neurology (Minneap.) 13, 1059 (1963).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  305. Fenichel, G. M. A histochemical study of developing human skeletal muscle. Neurology (Minneap.) 16, 741 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  306. Fenn, W. O., and M. Goettsch: Electrolytes in nutritional muscular dystrophy in rabbits. J. biol. Chem. 120, 41 (1937).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  307. Fergus, E. B., W. R. Nichols, L. M. Horne, and T. S. Danowski: Muscular Dystrophy. VI. Diminished blood sugar and serum electrolyte responses to epinephrine. Amer. J. Dis. Child. 91, 436 (1956).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  308. Ferraro, A.: Su la natura disendocrina delle miopatie. Cervello 2, 382 (1923).

    Google Scholar 

  309. Feuer, C., and A. Frigyes: Change of adenosinetriphosphatase activity in the case of muscular dystrophy due to vitamin E-deficiency. Acta physiol. Acad. Sci. hung. 3, 1 (1953).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  310. Fildes, R. A., and H. Harris: Genetically determined variation of adenylate kinase in man. Nature (Lond.) 209, 261 (1966).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  311. Filippi, G., and A. Macciotta: Xg blood-groups in muscular dystrophy. Lancet 1967 I, 565.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  312. Fink, K.: Biochemical studies of skeletal muscle in mice with hereditary muscular dystrophy. Fed. Proc. 20, 303 (1961).

    Google Scholar 

  313. Fitch, C. D., J. D. Oates, and J. S. Dinning: The metabolism of creatine-1-C14 by mice with hereditary muscular dystrophy. J. clin. Invest. 40, 850 (1961).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  314. Fitch, C. D. and D. W. Sinton: A study of creatine metabolism in diseases causing muscle wasting. J. clin. Invest. 43, 444 (1964).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  315. Fitzpatrick, K., D. C. Park, R. J. Pennington, J. Robinson and M. Worsfold: Further studies on muscle cathepsins. In: Research in Muscular Dystrophy. London: Pitman 1968, p. 374.

    Google Scholar 

  316. Flores, E. F., M. Johnson, and P. Valledor: Rev. cuba. Pediat. 21, 222 (1949).

    Google Scholar 

  317. Forster, G., and E. Jenny: The phosphofructaldolase test in liver diagnosis. Helv. med. Acta 26, 673 (1959).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  318. Forster, G. and J. Escher: Creatine phosphokinase in the diagnosis of myocardial infarction and myopathies. Helv. med. Acta 28, 513 (1961).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  319. Forster, G. Liver-and muscle-specific enzyme diagnosis. Schweiz. med. Wschr. 92, 1422 (1962).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  320. Forster, G. Die diagnostische Bedeutung der Serum-Kreatinkinase. Praxis 52, 1177 (1963).

    Google Scholar 

  321. Forster, G. Zur Enzymdiagnostik von Herzinfarkt und Myopathien. Schweiz. med. Wschr. 97, 329 (1967).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  322. Fowler, W. M., S. R. Chowdhury, C. M. Pearson, G. Gardner, and R. Bratton: Changes in serum enzyme levels after exercise in trained and untrained subjects. J. appl. Physiol. 17, 943 (1962).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  323. Friedman, I., and H. A. Mattill: The oxygen consumption of skeletal muscle from animals deprived of vitamin E. Amer. J. Physiol. 131, 595 (1941).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  324. Friedman, M. M., and B. Lapan: Serum aldolase in the neonatal period, including a colorimetric determination of aldolase by standardization with dihydroxyacetone. J. Lab. clin. Med. 51, 745 (1958).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  325. Friedrichs, H. F., u. E. J. Kirnberger: Die progressive Muskeldystrophie als Erscheinungsbild eines genbedingten fermentativen Wirknetzes. Ärztl. Forsch. 13, 454 (1959).

    Google Scholar 

  326. Fritz, I. B., D. G. Davis, R. H. Holtrop, and H. Dundee: Fatty acid oxidation by skeletal muscle during rest and activity. Amer. J. Physiol. 194, 379 (1958).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  327. Fritz, P. J., and K. B. Jacobson: Lactic dehydrogenases; subfractionation of isozymes. Science 140, 64 (1963).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  328. Gabrilove, J. L., A. Saito, L. L. Shane, and L. J. Soffer: The urinary excretion of adrenal corticoid metabolites in myotonic dystrophy. J. Mt Sinai Hosp. 30, 294 (1963).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  329. Gailani, S., T. S. Danowski, and D. S. Fischer: Muscular dystrophy catheterization studies indicating latent congestive heart failure. Circulation 17, 583 (1958).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  330. Gambetti, P., D. Karcher et A. Lowenthal: Protéinogrammes et enzymogrammes de biopsies musculaires humaines. Rev. franç. Étud. clin. biol. 10, 973 (1965).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  331. Gandullia, E., e G. Gaiero: L’aminoaciduria nella distrofia muscolare progressiva. Minerva pediat. 15, 731 (1963).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  332. Ganz, H.: Enzymmuster von Kehlkopfmuskeln des Menschen und ihre Bedeutung für deren Funktion an der Glottis. Arch. Ohr.-, Nas.-u. Kehlk.-Heilk. 184, 10 (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  333. Garcia-Buñuel, L., V. M. Garcia-Buñuel, L. Green, and D. K. Subin: Lactate dehydrogenase forms in denervation and disuse atrophy of red and white muscle. Neurology (Minneap.) 16, 491 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  334. Garcia-Buñuel, L., V. M. Garcia-Buñuel, L. Green, and D. K. Subin Connective tissue and the pentose phosphate pathway in normal and denervated muscle. Nature (Lond.) 213, 913 (1967).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  335. Gardner-Medwin, D., P. Hudgson, and J. N. Walton: Atypical progressive muscular atrophy. Lancet 1967 I, 113.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  336. Gautier, E., R. Gautier et R. Richterich: Valeur diagnostique d’anomalies d’activités enzymatiques du sérum en pédiatrie. I. Valeurs normales et influence des corticostéroides. Helv. paediat. Acta 17, 415 (1962).

    Google Scholar 

  337. Gentili, C., J. Galvani e L. Spettoli: Valore dell’aldolasemia quale criterio diagnostico e prognostico nelle miopatie. Recenti Progr. Med. 27, 93 (1959).

    Google Scholar 

  338. Gentili, C. Significato dell’aumento dell’aldolasi nel siero dei distrofici muscolari. Clin. pediat. (Bologna) 41, 736 (1959).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  339. George, J. C., and R. M. Naik: Relative distribution and chemical nature of the fuel store of the two types of fibers in the pectoralis major of the pigeon. Nature (Lond.) 181, 709 (1958).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  340. George, J. C. and K. S. Scaria: Histochemical demonstration of lipase activity in the pectoralis major muscle of the pigeon. Nature (Lond.) 181, 783 (1958).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  341. George, J. C., A. K. Susheela, and N. V. Vallyathan: Cytoplasmic (non-mitochondrial) lactic and succinic dehydrogenases in the red and white muscle fibres. J. Anim. Morph. Physiol. 10, 24 (1963).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  342. George, J. C. Muscle lipase. J. Anim. Morph. Physiol. 11, 233 (1964).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  343. Gerber, G. B., G. Gerber, T. R. Koszalka, and V. M. Emmel: Creatine metabolism in vitamin E-deficiency in the rat. Amer. J. Physiol. 202, 453 (1962).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  344. Gerber, G. B., W. G. Aldrige, T. R. Koszalka, and G. Gerber: Biochemical and autoradiographic studies on DNA metabolism in vitamin E-deficient hamster. J. Nutr. 78, 307 (1962).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  345. Gerber, G. B., T. R. Koszalka, G. Gerber, and L. L. Miller: Creatine synthesis in perfused liver of vitamin E-deficient rats. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.) 116, 884 (1964).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  346. Gerlach, U.: Pathologischer Übertritt von Sorbitdehydrogenase ins Blut bei Lebererkrankungen. Klin. Wschr. 35, 1144 (1957).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  347. Gerlach, U. Ergebnisse von Enzymaktivitätsbestimmungen im Serum bei inneren Krankheiten. Dtsch. Arch. klin. Med. 207, 510 (1961).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  348. Gerlach, U.: Stoffwechsel der Skelettmuskulatur. Wien. klin. Wschr. 79, 229 (1967).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  349. Gerok, W., u. J. Gayer: Die tubuläre Rückresorption der L-Aminosäuren in der Niere des Hundes. Transportmaxima und competitive Hemmung. Klin. Wschr. 39, 540 (1961).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  350. Gilbert, R. K., and W. A. Hawk: The incidence of necrosis of muscle fibers in Duchenne type muscular dystrophy. Amer. J. Path. 43, 107 (1963).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  351. Gilroy, J., J. L. Cahalan, R. Berman, and M. Newman: Cardiac and pulmonary complications in Duchenne’s progressive muscular dystrophy. Circulation 27, 484 (1963).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  352. Girkin, G., C. D. Fitch, and J. S. Dinning: Nucleic acid metabolism in mice with hereditary muscular dystrophy. Arch. Biochem. 98, 224 (1962).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  353. Giusti, G., A. Ascione u. L. Cacciatore: Vergleichende Untersuchung einiger TPN-abhängiger Dehydrogenasen und anderer Serum-Enzyme bei Patienten mit progressiver Muskeldystrophie. Klin. Wschr. 45, 292 (1967).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  354. Gloor, U., and O. Wiss: Fat-soluble vitamins. Ann. Rev. Biochem. 33, 313 (1964).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  355. Goettsch, M., and E. F. Brown: Muscle creatine in nutritional muscular dystrophy of the rabbit. J. biol. Chem. 97, 549 (1932).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  356. Goettsch, M., J. Lonstein, and J. Hutchinson: Muscle phosphorus in nutritional muscular dystrophy in rabbits. J. biol. Chem. 128, 9 (1939).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  357. Golarz, M. N.: Histochemical studies of the muscles of dystrophic mice. Anat. Rec. 136, 198 (1960).

    Google Scholar 

  358. Golarz, M. N., G. H. Bourne, and H. D. Richardson: Histochemical studies on human muscular dystrophy. J. Histochem. Cytochem. 9, 132 (1961).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  359. Gollnick, P. D., P. J. Struck, and T. P. Bogyo: Lactic dehydrogenase activities of rat heart and skeletal muscle after exercise and training. J. appl. Physiol. 22, 623 (1967).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  360. Gorbacheva, F. E., i I. M. Sechenon: Aktivnost’ al’dolazy primiopatii u detei. (Russ.) Zh. Nevropat. Psikhiat. 63, 958 (1963).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  361. Gordon, P., and R. M. Dowben: Catecholamine distribution in mice afflicted with muscular dystrophy. Amer. J. Physiol. 210, 728 (1966).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  362. Gortner, R. A., and A. F. Milano: Effects of tocopherol depletion on muscle nuclei acid and creatine levels in the frog. Amer. J. Physiol. 204, 168 (1963).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  363. Gotham, J. E., J. T. McHenry, and M. K. Newman: Serum enzymes in 250 cases of myopathy. Amer. J. phys. Med. 41, 234 (1962).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  364. Goto, I., H. A. Peters, and H. H. Reese: Pyruvic and lactic acid metabolism in muscular dystrophy, neuropathies and other neuromuscular disorders. Amer. J. med. Sci. 253, 431 (1967).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  365. Goto, I., H. A. Peters, and H. H. Reese Creatine phosphokinase in neuromuscular disease. Patients and families. Arch. Neurol. (Chic.) 16, 529 (1967).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  366. Gould, A., and D. L. Coleman: Accumulation of acetoacetate in muscle homogenates from dystrophic mice. Biochim. biophys. Acta (Amst.) 47, 422 (1961).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  367. Gould, A., and D. L. Coleman Acetoacetate metabolism in muscle homogenates from normal and dystrophic mice. Arch. Biochem. 96, 408 (1962).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  368. Graig, F. A., and J. C. Smith: Serum creatine phosphokinase activity in altered thyroid states. J. clin. Endocr. 25, 723 (1965).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  369. Griffiths, P. D.: Serum ATP: creatine phosphotransferase in skeletomuscular disorders with special reference to Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Guy’s Hosp. Rep. 114, 401 (1965).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  370. Griffiths, P. D. Serum levels of ATP: creatine phosphotransferase (creatine kinase). The normal range and effect of muscular activity. Clin. chim. Acta 13, 413 (1966).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  371. Grinio, L. P., i N. I. Pirogov: Issledovanie fermentov syvorotki krovi u detei s progressivnoi myshechnoi distrofiei. (Russ.) Zh. Nevropat. Psikhiat. 63, 691 (1963).

    Google Scholar 

  372. Gros, H., u. E. J. Kirnberger: Stoffwechseluntersuchungen bei progressiver Muskeldystrophie. Klin. Wschr. 30, 780 (1952).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  373. Gros, H., u. E. J. Kirnberger Störungen der fermentativen Oxydation bei Muskelerkrankungen. Klin. Wschr. 32, 645 (1954).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  374. Grundmann, E., u. R. Beckmann: Zur pathologischen Anatomie der Dystrophia musculorum progressiva Erb. Beitr. path. Anat. 127, 335 (1963).

    Google Scholar 

  375. Gsell, O.: Fermente in der klinischen Diagnostik. Münch. med. Wschr. 100, 1161 (1958).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  376. Guarnaschelli-Raggio, A.: La proteinemia nella distrofia muscolare progressiva primitiva. Arch. Stud. Fisiopat. Ricambio 6, 391 (1938).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  377. Guth, L., and P. K. Watson: The influence of innervation on the soluble proteins of slow and fast muscles of the rat. Exp. Neurol. 17, 107 (1967).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  378. Hajek, I., E. Gutmann, and I. Strovy: Proteolytic activity in denervated and reinnervated muscle. Physiol. bohemoslov. 13, 32 (1964).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  379. Haldane, J. B. S.: Mutation in the sex-linked recessive type of muscular dystrophy. A possible sex difference. Ann. hum. Genet. 20, 344 (1955).

    Google Scholar 

  380. Hall, C. E., O. Hall, and A. H. Nevis: Prolongation of survival by parabiosis in strain 129 dystrophic mice. Amer. J. Physiol. 196, 110 (1959).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  381. Hallen, O.: Osseous dystrophy in progressive muscular dystrophy. Proc. 8th Int. Congr. Neurology, Vienna 1965, Tom. II, p. 303.

    Google Scholar 

  382. Halonen, P. I., and A. Konttinen: Effect of physical exercise on some enzymes in the serum. Nature (Lond.) 193, 942 (1962).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  383. Hantschmann, N., D. Matzelt, H. G. Mertens u. H. Nowakowski: Zur Behandlung von Muskelkrankheiten mit anabolen Steroiden. I. Stoffwechseluntersuchungen. Dtsch. med. Wschr. 87, 2619 (1962).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  384. Harman, P. J., J. P. Tassoni, R. L. Curtis, and M. B. Hollinshead: Muscular dystrophy in the mouse. In: Muscular Dystrophy in Man and Animals. Edit. by G. H. Bourne and N. Golarz. New York: Hafner 1963, p. 407.

    Google Scholar 

  385. Haurowitz, F., and R. L. Hardin: In: The Proteins. Edit. by H. Neurath and K. Bailey. New York: Academic Press 1954, p. 323.

    Google Scholar 

  386. Hausmanowa-Petrusewicz, I., J. Prot, I. Niebroj-Dobosz, B. Emeryk, B. Wasowicz, C. Slucka, L. Hetnarska, B. Bandarzweska, and Z. Pucek: Investigation of healthy relatives of patients with Duchenne type dystrophy. Proc. 8th Int. Congr. Neurology, Vienna 1965, Tom. II, p. 635.

    Google Scholar 

  387. Hausmanowa-Petrusewicz, I. Abgrenzung der progressiven Muskeldystrophie von den entzündlichen Muskelerkrankungen. In: Progressive Muskeldystrophie, Myotonie, Myasthenie. Hrsg. von E. Kuhn. Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer 1966, S. 115.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  388. Hazzard, W. R., and S. L. Leonard: Phosphoglucomutase activity in hereditary muscular dystrophy in mice. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.) 102, 720 (1959).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  389. Hazzard, W. R., and S. L. Leonard Phosphoglucomutase activity in skeletal muscles of vitamin E-deficient chicks. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.) 106, 839 (1961).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  390. Heinrich, M. R., and H. A. Mattill: The creatine content of the liver in the muscular dystrophy of vitamin E-deficiency. J. biol. Chem. 178, 911 (1949).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  391. Henneman, E., and C. B. Olson: Relations between structure and function in the design of skeletal muscles. J. Neurophysiol. 28, 581 (1965).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  392. Herrmann, H., u. R. Konigsberg, and G. Robinson: Observations on culture in vitro of normal and dystrophic muscle tissue. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.) 105, 217 (1960).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  393. Herschberg, A. D., R. Coirault et J. Giboudeau: Étude hormonale de la myopathie progressive de Duchenne. I. Les androgènes et les corticoides. Ann. Endocr. (Paris) 25, 529 (1964).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  394. Herschberg, A. D. Rev. franç. Endocr. clin. 5, 354 (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  395. Herschberg, A. D. u. R. Coirault: Innere Sekretion und Kohlenhydratstoffwechsel bei der Dystrophia musculorum progressiva Duchenne-Erb. In: Myopathien. Hrsg. von R. Beckmann. Stuttgart: G. Thieme 1965, S. 127.

    Google Scholar 

  396. Hess, B.: Enzyme im Blutplasma. Stuttgart: G. Thieme 1962.

    Google Scholar 

  397. Hess, J. W., and R. P. Macdonald: Serum creatine phosphokinase activity. A new diagnostic aid in myocardial and skeletal muscle disease. J. Mich. med. Soc. 62, 1095 (1963).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  398. Hess, J. W., R. J. Frederick, R. N. Jones, J. Neely, and R. Gross: Serum creatine phosphokinase (CPK) activity in disorders of heart and skeletal muscle. Ann. intern. Med. 61, 1015 (1964).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  399. Hess, J. W. Phosphorylase activity and glycogen, glucose-6-phosphate and lactic acid content of human skeletal muscle in various myopathies. J. Lab. clin. Med. 66, 452 (1965).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  400. Hess, R., and A. G. E. Pearse: Dissociation of uridine diphosphate glucose-glycogen transglucosylase from phosphorylase activity in individual muscle fibers. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.) 107, 569 (1961).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  401. Heyck, H., G. Laudahn u. C. J. Lüders: Fermentaktivitätsbestimmungen in der gesunden menschlichen Muskulatur und bei Myopathien. II. Enzymaktivitätsveränderungen im Muskel bei Dystrophia musculorum progressiva. Klin. Wschr. 41, 500 (1963).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  402. Heyck, H., G. Laudahn u. C. J. Lüders Fermentaktivitätsbestimmungen in der gesunden menschlichen Muskulatur und bei Myopathien. III. Enzymaktivitätsänderungen im Serum bei Dystrophia musculorum progressiva. Klin. Wschr. 41, 905 (1963).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  403. Heyck, H., G. Laudahn u. C. J. Lüders Fermentchemische Serumbefunde bei Myopathien. In: Myopathien. Hrsg. von R. Beckmann. Stuttgart: G. Thieme 1965, S. 176.

    Google Scholar 

  404. Heyck, H., G. Laudahn u. C. J. Lüders Serum-und Muskelgewebs-Enzymbefunde bei Myopathien, insbesondere Dystrophia musculorum progressiva. Proc. 8th Congr. Neurology, Vienna 1965, Tom. II, p. 505.

    Google Scholar 

  405. Heyck, H., G. Laudahn u. C. J. Lüders, C. J. Lüders, H. Müller-Stephan N, and P. Schmidt-Peter: Anabolic steroids and digitoxin in the treatment of progressive muscular dystrophy. Acta paediat. scand. 54, 205 (1965).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  406. Heyck, H., G. Laudahn u. C. J. Lüders u. P. M. Carsten: Enzymaktivitätsbestimmungen bei Dystrophia musculorum progressiva. IV. Die Serumenzymkinetik im präklinischen Stadium des Typus Duchenne während der ersten 2 Lebensjahre. Klin. Wschr. 44, 695 (1966).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  407. Heyck, H., C. J. Lüders u. G. Laudahn: Beitrag zur Dystrophia musculorum progressiva. V. Histologische Befunde im präklinischen Stadium der Dystrophia musculorum progressiva Typ Duchenne. Klin. Wschr. 44, 813 (1966).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  408. Heyck, H. Abgrenzung der progressiven Muskeldystrophie von den erblichen spinalen Muskelerkrankungen. Mitteilung eines spinalen Krankheitsbildes mit „Riesenmuskelfasern“. In: Progressive Muskeldystrophie, Myotonie, Myasthenie. Hrsg. von E. Kuhn. Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer 1966, S. 120.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  409. Heyck, H. and G. Laudahn: Muscle and serum enzymes in muscular dystrophy and neurogenic muscular atrophy. A comparative study. In: Exploratory Concepts in Muscular Dystrophy and Related Disorders. Edit. by A. T. Milhorat. Excerpta Medica Foundation, Amsterdam, Int. Congr. Ser. 147, 232 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  410. Hickman, K. C. D., and P. L. Harris: Tocopherol Interrelationships. Advanc. Enzymol. 6, 469 (1946).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  411. Hoagland, C. L., H. Gilder, and R. E. Shank: Synthesis, storage and excretion of creatine, creatinine, and glycocyamine in progressive muscular dystrophy, and the effects of certain hormones on these processes. J. exp. Med. 81, 423 (1945).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  412. Hoagland, C. L. Some biochemical problems posed by a disease of muscle. In: Green’S Currents in Biochemical Research. New York: Interscience 1946, p. 413.

    Google Scholar 

  413. Hoagland, C. L. States of altered metabolism in diseases of muscle. Advanc. Enzymol. 6, 193 (1946).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  414. Hogan, E.L., D. M. Dawson, and F. C. A. Romanul: Enzymatic changes in denervated muscle. II. Biochemical studies. Arch. Neurol. (Chic.) 13, 274 (1965).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  415. Hogue, D. E., J. F. Proctor, R. G. Warner, and J. K. Loosli: Relation of selenium, vitamin E and an unidentified factor to muscular dystrophy (stiff-lamb or white-muscle disease) in the lamb. J. Animal Sci. 21, 25 (1962).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  416. Holliday, T. A., V. S. Asmundson, and L. M. Julian: Plasma creatine phospho-kinase activity of chickens with hereditary muscular dystrophy. Enzym. biol. clin. 5, 209 (1965).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  417. Holloszy, J. O.: Effects of exercise on mitochondrial oxygen uptake and respiratory enzyme activity in skeletal muscle. J. biol. Chem. 242, 2278 (1967).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  418. Holman, R. T., H. Mohrhauer, E. G. Hill, and W. O. Caster: Muscular dystrophy. A problem in polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism? Amer. J. clin. Nutr. 16, 453 (1965).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  419. Homburger, F., C. W. Nixon, M. Eppenberger, and J. R. Baker: Hereditary myopathy in the Syrian hamster: studies on pathogenesis. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 138, 14 (1966).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  420. Homburger, F., J. R. Baker, G. F. Wilgram, J. B. Caulfied, and C. W. Nixon: Hereditary dystrophy-like myopathy. The histopathology of hereditary dystrophy-like myopathy in Syrian hamsters. Arch. Path. 81, 302 (1966).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  421. Hooey, M. A., and L. M. Jerry: The cardiomyopathy of muscular dystrophy: Report of two cases with a review of the literature. Canad. med. Ass. J. 90, 771 (1964).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  422. Hooft, C., P. De Laey, and Y. Lambert: Étude comparative de l’activité enzymatique du tissu musculaire de l’enfant normal et d’enfants atteints de dystrophie musculaire progressive aux différents stades de la maladie. Rev. franç. Étud. clin. biol. 11, 510 (1966).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  423. Hooton, B. T., and D. C. Watts: A modified creatine kinase from dystrophic mouse skeletal muscle. Biochem. J. 99, 53 p (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  424. Hooton, B. T., and D. C. Watts Adenosine 5′-triphosphate-creatine phosphotransferase from dystrophic mouse skeletal muscle. A genetic lesion associated with the catalytic-site thiol group. Biochem. J. 100, 637 (1966).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  425. Hooton, B. T., and D. C. Watts Levels of protein and non-protein sulphydryl groups in the skeletal muscle of normal and dystrophic Bar Harbor mice. Clin. chim. Acta 16, 173 (1967).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  426. Horvath, B., L. Berg, D. J. Cummings, and G. M. Shy: Muscular dystrophy. Cation concentrations in residual muscle. J. appl. Physiol. 8, 22 (1955).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  427. Horvath, B. Muscle proteins in dystrophy. Neurology (Minneap.) 8, Suppl. 1, 52 (1958).

    Google Scholar 

  428. Horvath, B. and J. B. Proctor: Muscular dystrophy. Quantitative studies on the composition of dystrophic muscle. Res. Publ. Ass. nerv. ment. Dis. 38, 740 (1960).

    Google Scholar 

  429. Hosein, E. A., E. Powell, G. Perel, and S. Eisenstein: Biochemical changes in rat skeletal muscle following intramuscular injections of the ethyl ester of gamma butyrobetaine. Rev. canad. Biol. 21, 489 (1962).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  430. Hosenfeld, D. J., u. Wiesmann, and R. Richterich: Plasma creatine kinase activity in mice with hereditary muscular dystrophy. Enzym. biol. clin. 2, 246 (1962/63).

    Google Scholar 

  431. Hottinger, A., u. H. Berger: Freie alpha-Aminosäuren in Serum und Urin bei progressiver Muskeldystrophie (eine Familienuntersuchung). In: Myopathien. Hrsg. von R. Beckmann. Stuttgart: G. Thieme 1965, S. 144.

    Google Scholar 

  432. Hughes, B. P.: Studies on the starch gel electrophoresis of some human muscle proteins. Clin. chim. Acta 6, 794 (1961).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  433. Hughes, B. P. Serum enzymes in carriers of muscular dystrophy. Brit. med. J. 1962 II, 963.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  434. Hughes, B. P. Some biochemical aspects of the myopathies. Postgrad. med. J. 41, 313 (1965).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  435. Hughes, B. P. Phospholipids. A biochemical approach to the problem of muscle disease. Curr. Med. Drugs 6, 3 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  436. Hummel, J. P., and D. H. Basinski: The in vitro effect of tocopherol phosphate on the respiration of muscle from normal and dystrophic rabbits. J. biol. Chem. 172, 417 (1948).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  437. Hummel, J. P. Oxidative phosphorylation processes in nutritional muscular dystrophy. J. biol. Chem. 172, 421 (1948).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  438. Hummel, J. P. and R. S. Melville: Respiration and glycolysis of rabbit muscle in vitamin E-de-ficiency. J. biol. Chem. 191, 391 (1951).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  439. Hunter, A.: Creatine and Creatinine. New York: Lingmans-Green 1928.

    Google Scholar 

  440. Hurley, K. E., and R. J. Williams: Urinary amino acids, creatinine and phosphate in muscular dystrophy. Arch. Biochem. 54, 384 (1955).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  441. Hurwitz, S.: Primary myopathies. Report of 36 cases and review of the literature. Arch. Neurol. (Chic.) 36, 1294 (1936).

    Google Scholar 

  442. Hustrulid, R., and J. Clausen: Lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes in muscular development of man and in nerve degeneration. Acta neurol. scand. 41, 431 (1965).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  443. Huvos, A. G., and W. Pruzanski: Smooth muscle involvement in primary muscle disease. II. Progressive muscular dystrophy. Arch. Path. 83, 234 (1967).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  444. Ideo, G., P. M. Mannucci, G. Spano, A. Cao A. Macciotta: Gli isoenzimi della malatodeidrogenasi (MDH) del muscolo normale fetale, adulto e di soggetti affetti da distrofia muscolare progressiva tipo Duchenne. Boll. Soc. ital. Biol. sper. 42, 691 (1966).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  445. Ideo, G. A. Cao: Caratterizzazione cromatografica su DEAE-Sephadex della fruttosio-1,6-difosfato aldolasi del muscolo adulto normale, fetale e di soggetti affetti da distrofia muscolare progressiva tipo Duchenne. Boll. Soc. ital. Biol. sper. 42, 693 (1966).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  446. Indovina, I.: Sul ricambio del ferro nei miopatici primitivi comportamento del ferro nel siero nei miopatici e sue variazioni giornaliere. Boll. Soc. ital. Biol. sper. 23, 395 (1947).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  447. Indovina, I. e C. Pattavina: La distribuzione del Fe59 incettato endovena nelle ferroproteine dei soggetti affetti da distrofia muscolare progressiva. Boll. Soc. ital. Biol. sper. 29, 762 (1953).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  448. Indovina, I. Fisiopatologia dei Pentosi nel Sangre. Catania: Ediz. Minerva 1956.

    Google Scholar 

  449. Ionasescu, V., et N. Luca: Contributions à l’étude des modifications électrophorétiques sériques dans les myopathies. Rev. neurol. 102, 253 (1960).

    Google Scholar 

  450. Ionasescu, V., et N. Luca Serum aldolase activity in degenerative neurological diseases. Acta neurol. scand. 38, Suppl. I, 77 (1962).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  451. Ionasescu, V., et N. Luca Investigations on carbohydrate metabolism in progressive muscular dystrophies. Psychiat. et Neurol. (Basel) 146, 309 (1963).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  452. Ionasescu, V., et N. Luca Studies on carbohydrate metabolism in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and hereditary proximal spinal muscular atrophy. Acta nourol. scand. 40, 47 (1964).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  453. Ionasescu, V., et N. Luca Studies on carbohydrate metabolism in muscular diseases in conditions of ischaemic work. Psychiat. et Neurol. (Basel) 149, 375 (1965).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  454. Ionasescu, V., et N. Luca Étude de l’aldolase sérique dans les familles des myopathes. Considérations de génétique biochimique. Rev. roum. Neurol. 3, 217 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  455. Ionasescu, V., et N. Luca Espace extracellulaire et assimilation du glucose dans les myopathies et les affections neurogènes amyotrophinantes. Psychiat. et Neurol. (Basel) 151, 328 (1966).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  456. Iwashita, H., and Y. Ohta: Serum-creatine-phosphokinase levels. Lancet 1967 I, 621.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  457. Jacina, J., E. Mathéova, V. Tischler, C. Horak u. M. Komoras: Serum-Enzyme bei Müttern während der Geburt und bei Neugeborenen. I. Aktivität der Serum-Transaminasen für Glutamat-Oxalazetat und Glutamat-Pyruvat. Zbl. Gynäk. 87, 967 (1965).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  458. Jackson, A., and M. J. O’Donnell: Progressive muscular dystrophy with 1: 1 atrial flutter. Amer. Heart J. 59, 277 (1960).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  459. Jackson, C. E., and W. D. Block: Pyelonephritis and hypertension in unilateral renal disease. J. Lab. clin. Med. 48, 820 (1956).

    Google Scholar 

  460. Jackson, C. E. and J. H. Carey: Progressive muscular dystrophy: autosomal recessive type. Pediatrics 28, 77 (1961).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  461. Jacob, W., u. J. Neuhaus: Die Aktivität der Serumaldolase bei der progressiven Muskeldystrophie (Erb). Klin. Wschr. 32, 923 (1954).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  462. Jacobi, H. P., S. Rosenblatt, V. M. Wilder, and S. Morgulis: Enzyme studies on rabbits with incipient muscle dystrophy. Arch. Biochem. 27, 19 (1950).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  463. Jacobs, H., H. W. Heldt, and M. Klingenberg: High activity of creatine kinase in mitochondria from muscle and brain and evidence for a separate mitochondrial isoenzyme of creatine kinase. Biochem. biophys. Res. Commun. 16, 516 (1964).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  464. James, Th. N.: Observations on the cardiovascular involvement, including the cardiac conduction system, in progressive muscular dystrophy. Amer. Heart J. 63, 48 (1962).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  465. Janaki, S., and A. K. Susheela: Enzyme histochemistry of muscle, with special reference to the Duchenne type of muscular dystrophy (A preliminary communication). Neurology (Bombay) 14, 174 (1966).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  466. Jannet, N. W., S. P. Goodhart, and V. I. Isaacson: The endocrine origin of muscular dystrophy. Arch. intern. Med. 21, 188 (1918).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  467. Jasmin, G., et M. Grégoire: Étude histochimique des lésions musculaires dans divers types de myopathies. Neuro-chirurgie 10, 465 (1964).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  468. Jenkins, K. J.: Ketone body metabolism in nutritional myopathy. Canad. J. Biochem. 42, 1153 (1964).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  469. Jerusalem, F.: Die bioptisch-histologische Differential-Diagnose der Polymyositis und der progressiven Muskeldystrophie. Dtsch. Z. Nervenheilk. 191, 125 (1967).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  470. Johnston, H.A., J.H. Wilkinson, W.A. Withycombe et al.: Alpha-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase activity in sex-linked muscular dystrophy. J. clin. Path. 19, 250 (1966).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  471. Jordan, J. P., F. H. Kratzer, and N. S. Zarghami: Lipid composition of the pectoral muscles of chickens with inherited muscular dystrophy. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.) 116, 243 (1964).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  472. Julian, L. M., and V. S. Asmundson: Anatomical expression of genes of muscular dystrophy in heterozygous chickens. Anat. Rec. 136, 218 (1960).

    Google Scholar 

  473. Julian, L. M., and V. S. Asmundson Muscular dystrophy of the chicken. In: Muscular Dystrophy in Man and Animals. Edit. by G. H. Bourne and N. Golarz. New York: Hafner 1963, p. 458.

    Google Scholar 

  474. Jungbeck, H.: Die Bedeutung der Serumcholinesterase. Die Beziehungen der Serum-cholinesterase, der Pantothensäure und des Methionine zur Antikörperbildung. Dissertation, München 1952.

    Google Scholar 

  475. Kabara, J. J.: Brain cholesterol. V. Effect of hereditary dystrophia muscularis on acetate incorporation. Tex. Rep. Biol. Med. 22, 126 (1964).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  476. Kabara, J. J. Brain cholesterol. VI. The effect of hereditary dystrophia muscularis on (C 14) leucine and (2-3 H) acetate incorporation. Tex. Rep. Biol. Med. 22, 134 (1964).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  477. Kabara, J. J. Brain cholesterol. VII. The effect of hereditary dystrophia muscularis on (2-14 C) mevalonic and (2-3 H) acetate incorporation. Tex. Rep. Biol. Med. 22, 143 (1964).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  478. Kaboth, W.: Zur Pathomorphologie der Myopathien und über einen Fall von Herzbeteiligung bei progressiver Muskeldystrophie. Med. Welt (Stuttg.) 1963, 1302.

    Google Scholar 

  479. Kaeser, H. E.: Das Verhalten der Serum-Glutamat-Oxalacetat-Transaminase bei Myopathien und neurogenen Muskelatrophien. Dtsch. Z. Nervenheilk. 179, 353 (1959).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  480. Kaeser, H. E. Serum-Transaminasebestimmungen bei der progressiven Muskeldystrophie mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der Untergruppen von Becker. Ann. paediat. (Basel) 195, 1 (1960).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  481. Kaldor, G., and J. Gitlin: ATPase, myokinase, 5′adenylic acid deaminase activity and syneresis of the dystrophic mouse. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.) 113, 802 (1963).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  482. Kandutsch, A. A., and A. E. Russell: Creatine and creatinine in tissues and urine of mice with hereditary muscular dystrophy. Amer. J. Physiol. 194, 553 (1958).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  483. Kaplan, N. O., and R. D. Cahn: Lactic dehydrogenases and muscular dystrophy in chicken. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.) 48, 2123 (1962).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  484. Kar, N. C., and C. M. Pearson: Developmental changes and heterogeneity of lactic and malic dehydrogenases of human skeletal muscles and other organs. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.) 50, 995 (1963).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  485. Kar, N. C., and C. M. Pearson Glutamic oxalacetic transaminase isoenzymes in human myopathies. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.) 116, 733 (1964).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  486. Kar, N. C., and C. M. Pearson Creatine phosphokinase isoenzymes in muscle in human myopathies. Amer. J. clin. Path. 43, 207 (1965).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  487. Kar, N. C., and C. M. Pearson Activation of creatine phosphokinase by sulfhydryl compounds in normal and muscular dystrophy sera. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.) 118, 662 (1965).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  488. Kare, M. R.: Phosphocreatine in red and white muscle. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.) 77, 692 (1951).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  489. Katz, A. M., and W. Kalow: Abnormal isoenzyme patterns in human myopathies. Nature (Lond.) 209, 1349 (1966).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  490. Kelly, S., W. Kelly, and H.L. Swift: Serum creatine phosphokinase in four generations of a muscular dystrophy family. Amer. J. clin. Path. 45, 377 (1966).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  491. Kendrick-Jones, J., and S. V. Perry: Enzymatic adaptation to contractile activity in skeletal muscle. Nature (Lond.) 208, 1068 (1965).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  492. Kendrick-Jones, J., and S. V. Perry Protein synthesis and enzyme response to contractile activity in skeletal muscle. Nature (Lond.) 213, 406 (1967).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  493. Kessler, G., M. B. Hermel, and J. Gershon-Cohen: Serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase activity after whole body irradiation. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.) 98, 201 (1958).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  494. Kibrick, A. C., C. Q. Hashiro, R. S. Schutz, M. I. Walters, and A. T. Milhorat: Prolylhydroxyproline in urine: Its determination and observations in muscular dystrophy. Clin. chim. Acta 10, 344 (1964).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  495. Kilburn, K. H., J. Eagan, H. Sieker, and A. Heyman: Cardiopulmonary insufficiency in myotonic and progressive muscular dystrophy. New Engl. J. Med. 261, 1089 (1959).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  496. Kivirikko, K. I., and O. Laitinen: Clinical significance of urinary hydroxyproline determinations in children. Ann. paediat. Fenn. 11, 148 (1965).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  497. Kleine, T. O., u. H. Chlond: Zur Pathogenese der progressiven Muskeldystrophie (Erb). Med. Klin. 59, 641 (1964).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  498. Kleine, T. O. Zur Lokalisation der Creatinkinase (CK) in Mitochondrien und Mikrosomen von Skeletmuskel, Herz und Hirnrinde des Menschen. Klin. Wschr. 43, 504 (1965).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  499. Kleine, T. O. u. H. Chlond: NADHP-und NADH-spezifische Glutathionreduktase (Gssgr)-Aktivität im Serum und Muskel von Muskeldystrophikern (Erb). Clin. chim. Acta 13, 407 (1966).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  500. Kleine, T. O. u. H. Chlond Die Aktivität der Myokinase (Adenylatkinase) und der Creatinkinase im Serum und Muskel bei der progressiven Muskeldystrophie (Erb). Klin. Wschr. 44, 103 (1966).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  501. Kleine, T. O. u. H. Chlond Enzymmuster gesunder Skelett-, Herz-und glatter Muskulatur des Menschen sowie ihrer pathologischen Veränderungen mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der progressiven Muskeldystrophie (Erb). Clin. chim. Acta 15, 19 (1967).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  502. Kleine, T. O. Enzymmuster gesunder und pathologisch veränderter Muskeln des Menschen. Z. klin. Chem. 5, 244 (1967).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  503. Knoll, P.: Über protoplasmaarme und protoplasmareiche Muskulatur. Denkschr. Wiss. Wien. math.-nat. Kl. 58, 633 (1891).

    Google Scholar 

  504. Knowlton, G. C., and H. M. Hines: The respiratory metabolism of atrophic muscle. Amer. J. Physiol. 109, 200 (1934).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  505. Kolb, P., u. C. S. So: Serum-Enzyme (GOT, GPT, LDH, CPK, ALD) bei Friedreich-scher Ataxie. Klin. Wschr. 42, 1246 (1964).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  506. Kondo, F.: Clin. Neurol. 5, 695 (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  507. Kondo, F., E. Abe, M. Ikeda, and S. Mue: Occasional appearance of diphosphopyridine nucleotide in urine of patients with progressive muscular dystrophy. Tohoku J. exp. Med. 91, 191 (1967).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  508. Konieczny, L., J. Noworytko u. M. Sarnecka-Keller: Untersuchungen über die chemische Symptomatologie der progressiven Muskeldystrophie. Pol. Arch. Med. wewnet. 28, 1579 (1958).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  509. Korting, G. W., G. Weber u. H. Werle: Enzympathologische Beobachtungen bei Dermatomyositis. Hautarzt 13, 485 (1962).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  510. Koszalka, T. R.: Relation of vitamin E to proteolytic and autolytic activity of skeletal muscle. J. Nutr. 73, 78 (1961).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  511. Kove, S., S. Goldstein, and F. Wroblewski: Activity of glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase in the serum in the neonatal period. Pediatrics 20, 584 (1957).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  512. Kove, S., S. Goldstein, and F. Wroblewski Measurement of activity of transaminases in the serum as an aid in differential diagnosis of jaundice in the neonatal period. Pediatrics 20, 590 (1957).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  513. Krieg, U., u. E. Kirsten: Freie Aminosäuren im roten und weißen Muskel vom Kaninchen. Biochem. Z. 341, 543 (1965).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  514. Krüger, P., F. Duspiva u. F. Furlinger: Tetanus und Tonus der Skeletmuskeln des Frosches, eine histologische, reizphysiologische und chemische Untersuchung. Arch. Physiol. 231, 750 (1933).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  515. Kruh, J., J. C. Dreyfus, G. Schapira, and G. O. Get: Abnormalities of muscle protein metabolism in mice with muscular dystrophy. J. clin. Invest. 39, 1180 (1960).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  516. Krupnick, A. B., C. M. Casa, and H. Rosenkrantz: Nucleic acid content in nutritional muscular dystrophy. Arch. Biochem. 106, 89 (1964).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  517. Kryschowa, N., u. W. Abowjan: Zur Frage der Heredität der Pseudohypertrophie Duchenne. Z. ges. Neurol. Psychiat. 150, 421 (1934).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  518. Kudo, A.: Studies on muscle phosphorylase activity in progressive muscular dystrophy. J. Jap. Orthop. Ass. 38, 951 (1965).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  519. Küstner, W., A. Paetzel u. J. Weinreich: Veränderungen der Kreatinphospho-kinase-Aktivität im Serum bei körperlicher Belastung. Med. Klin. 61, 1858 (1966).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  520. Kuhlbäck, B.: Creatine and creatinine metabolism in thyrotoxicosis and hypothyroidism. Acta med. scand. 159, Suppl. 331, 1 (1957).

    Google Scholar 

  521. Kuhn, E., u. W. Wörner: Die Serum-Transaminasen bei Patienten mit myotonischer Dystrophie. Z. klin. Med. 155, 544 (1959).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  522. Kuhn, E. Aldolase-Bestimmungen im Serum bei myotonischer Dystrophie. Klin. Wschr. 37, 236 (1959).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  523. Kuhn, E. u. W. Wörner: Intermediärstoffwechseluntersuchungen bei myotonischer Dystrophie. Milchsäure, Brenztraubensäure, Milchsäuredehydrogenase und Äpfelsäuredehydrogenase. Nervenarzt 32, 182 (1961).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  524. Kuhn, E. Endokrinologische Untersuchungen bei myotonischer Dystrophie. Endokrinologie 41, 153 (1961).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  525. Kuhn, E. Endokrinologische Untersuchungen bei myotonischer Dystrophie. Endokrinologie 41, 307 (1961).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  526. Kuhn, E., H. G. Stehlin u. W. Stein: Kreatinphosphokinase (CPK) im Serum bei myotonischer Dystrophie. Klin. Wschr. 40, 741 (1962).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  527. Kuhn, E. Muskelerkrankungen und Aktivität der Aldolase, der Glutamat-Oxalacetat-Trans-aminase (GOT), Glutamat-Pyruvat-Transaminase (GPT), Laktatdehydrogenase (LDH) und der Kreatinphosphokinase (CPK) im Serum. In: Medizin und Ernährung, aus: Bedeutung und Grenzen der Enzymdiagnostik im Serum. Lochham: Pallas-Verlag 1964, S. 3.

    Google Scholar 

  528. Laet, P. De: Certains mécanismes biochimiques de la dystrophic musculaire progressive. Arch. franç. Pédiat. 22, 130 (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  529. Laferte, R. O., H. Rosenkrantz, and L. Berlinguet: Transamination in muscular dystrophy and the effect of exogenous glutamate. A study of vitamin E-deficient rabbits and mice with hereditary dystrophy. Canad. J. Biochem. 41, 1423 (1963).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  530. Laguens, R.: Satellite cells of skeletal muscle fibers in human progressive muscular dystrophy. Virchows Arch. path. Anat. 336, 564 (1963).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  531. Laird, J. L., and R. F. Timmer: Homotransplantation of dystrophic and normal muscle. Arch. Path. 80, 442 (1965).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  532. Lambert, Y.: Stade préclinique de la dystrophic musculaire progressive. Arch. franç. Pédiat. 22, 129 (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  533. Lamy, M., et J. De Grouchy: L’hérédité de la myopathie (Formes basses). J. Génét. hum. 3, 219 (1954).

    Google Scholar 

  534. Lapan, B., and M. M. Friedman: A comparative study of fetal and maternal serum enzyme levels. J. Lab. clin. Med. 54, 417 (1959).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  535. Lapresle, L.: Microscopie électronique. Sur un type particulier de disposition myo-fibrillaire observé au microscope électronique dans un cas d’amyotrophie Charcot-Marie-Tooth. C. R. Soc. Biol. (Paris) 159, 568 (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  536. Laron, Z., and A. Kowadlo: Fat-mobilizing effect of testosterone. Metabolism 12, 588 (1963).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  537. Laron, Z., and A. Kowadlo Further evidence for all fat mobilizing effect of androgens. Acta endocr. (Kbh.) 45, 427 (1964).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  538. Laudahn, G.: Fermentaktivitäten und Konzentration von Stoffwechselzwischen-produkten im Blut bei Leber-und Herzkrankheiten. Klin. Wschr. 37, 850 (1959).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  539. Laudahn, G. Tierexperimentelle und biochemische Untersuchungen zur Ursache der gesteigerten Fermentaktivität im Blut bei Leberkrankheiten. Z. Ges. exp. Med. 132, 346 (1959).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  540. — Zur Biochemie der progressiven Muskeldystrophie. Vergleichende enzymatische Untersuchungen in Skeletmuskulatur, Serum und Vollblut von Gesunden und Patienten mit progressiver Muskeldystrophie. Habilitationsschrift, Freie Universität Berlin 1963.

    Google Scholar 

  541. Laudahn, G. u. H. Heyck: Fermentaktivitätsbestimmungen in der gesunden menschlichen Muskulatur und bei Myopathien. I. Enzymmuster und intracellulär Verteilung von Enzymen im gesunden Skeletmuskel. Klin. Wschr. 41, 493 (1963).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  542. Laudahn, G. Bestimmung der Glutaminsäure-Dehydrogenase-Aktivität im Serum bei verschiedenen inneren Krankheiten. Klin. Wschr. 41, 618 (1963).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  543. Laudahn, G. Fortschritte und Grenzen der klinischen Serumenzymdiagnostik. Berl. Med. 15, 701 (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  544. Laudahn, G. u. H. J. Mallach: Untersuchungen zur postmortalen Aktivität von Hauptkettenenzymen in menschlicher Skeletmuskulatur. Klin. Wschr. 43, 959 (1965).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  545. Laudahn, G. u. H. Heyck: Muskelenzymbefunde bei progressiver Muskeldystrophie. In: Myopathien. Hrsg. von R. Beckmann. Stuttgart: G. Thieme 1965, S. 165.

    Google Scholar 

  546. Laudahn, G. Zur Biochemie der progressiven Muskeldystrophie. Fortschr. Med. 84, 429 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  547. Laudahn, G., H. Heyck u. F. Feustel: Enzyme im Serum bei Muskelkrankheiten. In: Praktische Enzymologie. Grundlagen, Gesichertes und Grenzen. Hrsg. von F. W. Schmidt. Bern u. Stuttgart: Huber 1968, S. 249.

    Google Scholar 

  548. Laurent, R., J. C. Dreyfus et G. Schapira: Électrophorèse de myoglobines. Influence de la section nerveuse. Bull. Soc. Chim. biol. (Paris) 43, 416 (1961).

    Google Scholar 

  549. Lauryssens, M. G., M. J. Lauryssens, and H. A. Zondag: Electrophoretic distribution pattern of lactate dehydrogenase in mouse and human muscular dystrophy. Clin. chim. Acta 9, 276 (1964).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  550. Leipert, T., u. T. Wanko: Zur Frage der Hypoxie bei progressiver Muskeldystrophie. Acta neuroveg. (Wien) 13, 93 (1956).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  551. Leonard, S. L.: Phosphorylase and glykogen levels in skeletal muscle of mice with hereditary myopathy. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.) 96, 720 (1957).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  552. Leulier, A., et B. Pomme: Sur le taux du potassium musculaire à l’état normal et dans quelques affections neurologiques. C. R. Soc. Biol. (Paris) 109, 743 (1932).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  553. Leulier, A., et B. Pomme et A. Bernard: Recherches sur le taux du potassium musculaire chez l’homme. C. R. Soc. Biol. (Paris) 119, 201 (1935).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  554. Levene, P. A., and L. Kristeller: Factors regulating the creatinin output in man. Amer. J. Physiol. 24, 45 (1909).

    Google Scholar 

  555. Levi, M., e N. D’eramo: Studio sulle malattie neuromuscolari. Osservazioni sul comportamento dei sistemi endocrino e neurovegetativo. Rass. clin.-sci. Ist. biochim. ital. 34, 111 (1958).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  556. Levin, S., G. S. Baens, and T. Weinberg: The heart in pseudohypertrophic muscular dystrophy. J. Pediat. 55, 460 (1959).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  557. Leyburn, P., W. H. Thomson, and J. N. Walton: An investigation of the carrier state in the Duchenne type muscular dystrophy. Ann. hum. Genet. 25, 41 (1961).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  558. Lieberman, J., I. I. Lasky, S. I. Dulkin, and O. E. Lobstein: Serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase activity in conditions associated with myocardial infarction. 1. Bodily trauma. 2. Cerebral vascular accidents and congestive heart failure. Ann. intern. Med. 46, 405, 497 (1957).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  559. Lilienthal, J. L., and K. L. Zierler: Diseases of muscle. In: Biochemical Disorders in Human Disease. Edit. by R. H. S. Thompson and E. J. King. New York: Academic Press 1957, p. 445.

    Google Scholar 

  560. Lindsay, D. T.: Isozymic patterns and properties of lactate dehydrogenase from developing tissues of the chicken. J. exp. Zool. 152, 75 (1963).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  561. Ling, G.: Muscle electrolytes. Amer. J. phys. Med. 34, 89 (1955).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  562. Löwenthal, A., et M. Van Sande: Application de la microélectrophorèse sur papier à l’étude des protéines sériques chez des patients atteints d’affections musculaires. Acta neurol. belg. 54, 864 (1954).

    Google Scholar 

  563. Löwenthal, A., et M. Van Sande Nouvelles déterminations de fractions protéiniques dans le sérum de patients atteints d’affections musculaires. Rev. franç. Étud. clin. biol. 1, 765 (1956).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  564. Löwenthal, A., et M. Van Sande and D. Karcher: Heterogeneity of lactic and malic dehydrogenase in serum, cerebrospinal fluid, and brain extracts in man and sheep. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 94, 988 (1961).

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  565. Löwenthal, A., D. Karcher, M. Van Sande et M. Wintgens: Distribution des isoenzymes de la lactico-déhydrogénase dans le cerveau du fœtus humain et dans le liquide céphalorachidien du nouveau-né. Acta neurol. belg. 66, 553 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  566. Louw, A., and H. E. Nielsen: Paroxysmal hemoglobinuria. Acta med. scand. 117, 424 (1944).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  567. Lowenstein, A. S., S. R. Arbeit, and I. L. Rubin: Cardiac involvement in progressive muscular dystrophy. An electrocardiographic and ballistocardiographic study. Amer. J. Cardiol. 9, 528 (1962).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  568. Lucas, G. J., and F. M. Forster: Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease with associated myopathy. A report of a family. Neurology (Minneap.) 12, 629 (1962).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  569. Luckner, H.: Experimentelle E-Avitaminose — Modell von Myopathien? Dtsch. Z. Nervenheilk. 173, 525 (1955).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  570. Ludwig, O., u. I. Warlamidis: Myocardläsion bei Dystrophia musculorum progressiva Erb. Wien. med. Wschr. 117, 271 (1967).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  571. Luzzatto, A., e G. Casirola: Rilievi sulla attivita fosfatasiche seriche insoggetti affetti da distrofia muscolare progressiva. Riv. Pat. nerv. ment. 75, 357 (1954).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  572. Luzzatto, A. e M. Lodigiani: Rilievi sul significato della iperpiruvicemia nella distrofia muscolare progressiva. Minerva med. 45, 725 (1954).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  573. Luzzatto, A. E. Ramelli: L’iperpiruvicemia nella distrofia muscolare progressiva a una caratteristica genica? Cervello 35, 377 (1959).

    Google Scholar 

  574. Lyon, M.: Gene action in the X-chromosome of the mouse. Nature (Lond.) 190, 372 (1961).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  575. Lyon, M. Sex chromatin and gene action in the mammalian X-chromosome. Amer. J. hum. Genet. 14, 135 (1962).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  576. Macciotta, A., A. Cao: Contributo alla conoscenza della distrofia muscolare progressiva con particolare riguardo agli aspetti metabolici ed etiopatogenetici. Ann. ital. Pediat. 10, 173 (1957).

    Google Scholar 

  577. Macciotta, A., A. Cao e V. Scano: Ann. ital. Pediat. 18, 14 (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  578. Madsen, L. L.: The comparative effects of cod liver oil, cod liver oil concentrate, lard, and cottonseed oil in a synthetic diet on the development of nutritional muscular dystrophy. J. Nutr. 11, 471 (1936).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  579. Manning, G. W., and G. J. Cropp: The electrocardiogram in progressive muscular dystrophy. Brit. Heart J. 20, 416 (1958).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  580. Mannino, V., A. Notarbartolo, and L. Pagliaro: Action of galanthamine on various laboratory tests in subjects with progressive muscular dystrophy. Clin. ter. 23, 938 (1962).

    Google Scholar 

  581. Marandola, G.: Glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase activity in patients with myopathy. Cervello 38, 374 (1962).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  582. Marchand, J. F.: Genetic variations in muscular enzyme systems. Review of research and its clinical application. Arch. phys. Med. 47, 147 (1966).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  583. Markert, C. L., and H. Ursprung: The ontogeny of isozyme patterns of lactate dehydrogenase in the mouse. Develop. Biol. 5, 363 (1962).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  584. Markert, C. L. Lactate dehydrogenase isozymes. Dissociation and recombination of subunits. Science 140, 1329 (1963).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  585. Martoni, L., e S. Musiani: Variazioni dell’attivita aldolasica serica nell’eta neonatale in condizioni fisiologiche, parafisiologiche e patologiche. Clin. pediat. (Bologna) 40, 397 (1958).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  586. Mason, K. E.: Experimental muscular dystrophy. Proc. 1st Med. Conf. Musc. Dystr. Ass. America, New York 1951, p. 25.

    Google Scholar 

  587. —, M. Y. Dju, and S. J. Chapin: Vitamin E-content of tissues in progressive muscular dystrophy. Proc. Musc. Dystr. Ass. 1952, 94.

    Google Scholar 

  588. Massarrat, S.: Über den Einfluß operativer Eingriffe am Gallenwegssystem, besonders bei Lebererkrankungen, auf den Serumspiegel der Enzyme Sorbitdehydrogenase, Glutamat-Pyruvat-Transaminase, Laktatdehydrogenase und Glutamatdehydrogenase. Acta hepato-splenol. (Stuttg.) 9, 86 (1962).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  589. Mathur, K. S., and D. S. Garlaut: Serum GOT in muscular dystrophy and neuromuscular diseases. J. Indian med. Ass. 33, 168 (1959).

    Google Scholar 

  590. Matsumura, Y., T. Mimura, and S. Sumita: Effect of anserine and carnosine on phosphorus metabolism in skeletal muscle. Symp. Enzyme Chemistry 15, 132 (1963).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  591. Matthews, W. B., and M. J. H. Smith: Ribosuria in muscular dystrophy. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiat. 16, 184 (1953).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  592. Matzelt, D., u. H. G. Mertens: Enzymverteilungsmuster im menschlichen Muskelgewebe. Verh. Dtsch. Ges. Inn. Med. 68. Kongr. München: J. F. Bergmann 1962, S. 285.

    Google Scholar 

  593. Matzelt, D. u. K. H. Vosteen: Elektronenoptische und enzymatische Untersuchungen an menschlicher Kehlkopfmuskulatur. Arch. Ohr.-, Nas.-u. Kehlk.-Heilk. 181, 447 (1963).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  594. Mayers, G. L., and N. Epstein: Evaluation of glycolytic and citric acid cycles in homogenates of dystrophic mouse muscle. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.) 111, 450 (1962).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  595. McArdle, B.: Biochemical investigations in muscle disease. In: Research in Muscular Dystrophy. London: Pitman 1963, p. 145.

    Google Scholar 

  596. — Biochemical findings in neuro-muscular disorders. Proc. 8th Int. Congr. Neurology, Vienna 1965, Tom. II, p. 103.

    Google Scholar 

  597. McCaman, M. W.: Dehydrogenase activities in dystrophic mice. Science 132, 621 (1960).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  598. McCaman, M. W. Enzyme studies of skeletal muscle in mice with hereditary muscular dystrophy. Amer. J. Physiol. 205, 897 (1963).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  599. McCaman, M. W., M. L. Stafford, and E.-C. Skinner: Choline acetyltransferase and cholinesterase activities in muscle of dystrophic mice. Amer. J. Physiol. 212, 228 (1967).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  600. McCrudden, R. H., and C. S. Sargent: Hypoglycemia and progressive muscular dystrophy. Arch. intern. Med. 17, 465 (1916).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  601. McGaughey, C.: Excretion of α-ketoglutarate, urea and amino acids by normal and muscular dystrophic mice. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.) 103, 730 (1960).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  602. McGeer, P. L., E. G. McGeer, and M. C. Griffin: Excretion of 4-amino-5-imidazole-carboxamide in human urine. Canad. J. Biochem. 39, 591 (1961).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  603. McGeer, E. G., P. L. McGeer, J. R. Miller, D. Derry, and C. Nichol: Excretion of 4-amino-5-imidazolecarboxamide and creatine: creatine rations in human and mouse muscular dystrophy. Canad. J. Biochem. 40, 13 (1962).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  604. McLean, J. R., G. L. Cohn, I. K. Brandt, and M. V. Simpson: Incorporation of labeled amino acids into the protein of muscle and liver mitochondria. J. biol. Chem. 233, 657 (1958).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  605. Meier, H., W. T. West, and W. G. Hoag: Preclinical histopathology of mouse muscular dystrophy. Arch. Path. 80, 165 (1965).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  606. Meier, H. Histochemical observations in preclinical mouse muscular dystrophy. Amer. J. Path. 50, 691 (1967).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  607. Meldolesi, G.: Pathologie und Therapie der progressiven Muskeldystrophie. Dtsch. med. Wschr. 163, 1654 (1937).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  608. Meldolesi, G., W. Siedel u. H. Möller: Über Myobilin. I. Hoppe-Seylers Z. physiol. Chem. 259, 137 (1939).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  609. Meldolesi, G. Rapporti fra ricambio glicidico, attivita insulinica e alterazioni sistemiche della muscolatura striata. II. Ricambio glicidico ed attivita insulinica nelle miopatie, primitive e secon. Boll. Soc. ital. Biol. sper. 25, 914 (1949).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  610. Melloni, G., E. Saurgnani, and G. Dodesini: Clinical contribution to the study of primary and secondary myopathies and some neuromyopathies. Arch. Sci. med. 113, 131 (1962).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  611. Melville, R. S., and J. P. Hummel: Creatine and glycocyamine metabolism in rabbits in vitamin E-deficiency. J. biol. Chem. 191, 383 (1951).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  612. Menkes, J. H., F. Richardson, and S. Verplanck: Program for the detection of metabolic diseases. Arch. Neurol. (Chic.) 6, 462 (1962).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  613. Menne, F., u. R. Beckmann: Der Kreatinstoffwechsel bei Kindern mit Dystrophia musculorum progressiva Erb. Klin. Wschr. 33, 556 (1955).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  614. Menne, F. Der Kreatinhaushalt bei der progressiven Muskeldystrophie und verschiedenen Stoffwechselstörungen. In: Myopathien. Hrsg. von R. Beckmann. Stuttgart: G. Thieme 1965, S. 108.

    Google Scholar 

  615. Mertens, H. G.: Muskeldystrophie, Polymyositis und Muskelatrophie. Dtsch. med. Wschr. 90, 575 (1965).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  616. Mertens, H. G. u. W. C. Globig: Der diagnostische Wert von Serumenzymaktivitätsbestimmungen bei Muskelkrankheiten. Dtsch. med. Wschr. 90, 1177 (1965).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  617. Mertens, H. G., B. Möbius u. J. Möbius: Die Differentialdiagnose der Muskeldystrophien. Internist (Berl.) 7, 175 (1966).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  618. Metz, K. O.: Die Bedeutung der CPK-Bestimmung im Serum bei Kindern. Dissertation, Göttingen 1963.

    Google Scholar 

  619. Michelson, A. M., E. S. Russell, and P. J. Harman: Dystrophia muscularis. A hereditary primary myopathy in the house mouse. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.) 41, 1079 (1955).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  620. Milch, L. J., and H. G. Albaum: Serum transaminase activity in X-irradiated rabbits. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.) 93, 595 (1956).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  621. Milhorat, A. T., and H. G. Wolff: Metabolism of creatine and creatinine in muscle disease. Ann. intern. Med. 9, 834 (1934).

    Google Scholar 

  622. Milhorat, A. T., and H. G. Wolff Studies in diseases of muscle. I. Metabolism of creatine and creatinine in progressive muscular dystrophy. Arch. Neurol. (Chic.) 38, 992 (1937).

    Google Scholar 

  623. Milhorat, A. T., and H. G. Wolff Studies in diseases of muscle. II. Effect of varying amounts of ingested creatine on creatine tolerance in progressive muscular dystrophy. Arch. Neurol. (Chic.) 39, 37 (1938).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  624. Milhorat, A. T., and H. G. Wolff Studies in diseases of muscle. III. Metabolism of creatine and creatinine in myasthenia gravis, including study of excretion of nucleosides and nucleotides. Arch. Neurol. (Chic.) 39, 354 (1938).

    Google Scholar 

  625. Milhorat, A. T., and H. G. Wolff Studies in diseases of muscle. IV. Metabolism of creatine and creatinine in muscular wastings subsequent to disease of the nervous system. Arch. Neurol. (Chic.) 40, 663 (1938).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  626. Milhorat, A. T., and H. G. Wolff Studies in diseases of muscle. V. Metabolism of creatine and creatinine in myotonia congenita, myotonia atrophica, amyotonia congenita, dystonia musculorum deformans, and paralysis agitans. Arch. Neurol. (Chic.) 40, 680 (1938).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  627. Milhorat, A. T. and V. Toscani: Studies in diseases of muscle. VIII. Metabolism of calcium, phosphorus and magnesium in progressive muscular dystrophy, myotonia atrophica and familial periodic paralysis. Arch. Neurol. (Chic.) 41, 1130 (1939).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  628. Milhorat, A. T., F. C. Weber, and V. Toscani: Metabolic studies in dermatomyositis with a note on the effect of wheat germ. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.) 43, 470 (1940).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  629. Milhorat, A. T. and W. E. Bartels: Defect of utilization of tocopherol in progressive muscular dystrophy. Science 101, 93 (1945).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  630. Milhorat, A. T. Creatine and creatinine metabolism and diseases of the neuro-muscular system. Res. Publ. Ass. nerv. ment. Dis. 32, 400 (1953).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  631. Milhorat, A. T. Therapy in muscular dystrophy. Med. Ann. D. C. 23, 15 (1954).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  632. Milhorat, A. T. and L. Goldstone: The carrier state in muscular dystrophy of the Duchenne type. J. Amer. med. Ass. 194, 130 (1965).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  633. Milhorat, A. T. S. A. Shafiq, and L. Goldstone: Changes in muscle structure in dystrophic patients, carriers and normal siblings seen by electron microscopy; correlation with levels of serum creatinephosphokinase (CPK). Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 138, 246 (1966).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  634. Milman, A. E., and A. T. Milhorat: Metabolic patterns in experimentally induced muscular dystrophy. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.) 84, 654 (1953).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  635. — Metabolism of glycogen in experimental muscular dystrophy. Proc. 3rd Med. Conf. Musc. Dystr. Ass. America, New York 1954, p. 291.

    Google Scholar 

  636. Mink, J. K., and H. M. Greebe: Fructo-aldolase in relation to muscular dystrophies. Acta neurol. scand. 40, 107 (1964).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  637. Minot A. S.: The determination of tocopherol in blood serum. J. Lab. clin. Med. 29, 772 (1944).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  638. Minot A. S., H. E. Frank, and D. Dziewiatkowski: The occurrence of pentose and phosphorus containing complexes in the urine of patients with progressive muscular dystrophy. Arch. Biochem. 20, 394 (1949).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  639. Mittelbach, F.: Die Begleitmyopathie bei neurogenen Atrophien. Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer 1966.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  640. Miyoshi, K., K. Saijo, Y. Kuryu, and Y. Oshima: Abnormal myoglobin ultraviolet spectrum in Duchenne Type of progressive muscular dystrophy. Science 142, 490 (1963).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  641. Möbius, W., A. Bonow u. H. Rennecke: Untersuchungen über das Verhalten einiger Serumfermente während des Zyklus. Zbl. Gynäk. 85, 1337 (1963).

    Google Scholar 

  642. Mölbert, E.: Das elektronenmikroskopische Bild des Skeletmuskels bei Dystrophia musculorum progressiva. Naturwissenschaften 47, 186 (1960).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  643. Mölbert, E. u. H. Marx: Elektronenmikroskopische Befunde bei Myopathien. In: Myopathien. Hrsg. von R. Beckmann. Stuttgart: G. Thieme 1965, S. 89.

    Google Scholar 

  644. Mönch, E., E. Kirsten u. H. Heyck: Freie Aminosäuren in Skeletmuskulatur, Vollblut und Urin von Gesunden und von Patienten mit progressiver Muskeldystrophie. Mschr. Kinderheilk. 115, 288 (1967).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  645. Moggi, P., L. Grancalancia e F. Rapi: Il dosaggio elettroforetico délie protéine, lipoprotéine e glicoproteine seriche nelle miopatie. Minerva pediat. 7, 439 (1955).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  646. Molander, D., M. Friedman, and J. S. Ladue: Serum cholinesterase in hepatic and neoplastic diseases. A preliminary report. Ann. intern. Med. 41, 1139 (1954).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  647. Monckton, G., and B. Ludvigsen: The identification of carriers in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Canad. med. Ass. J. 89, 333 (1963).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  648. Monckton, G. and T. Nihei: Some biochemical changes occurring in muscular dystrophy and their possible genetical significance. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 138, 329 (1966).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  649. Morey, K. S., K. Tarczy-Hornoch, E. G. Richards, and W. D. Brown: Myosin from dystrophic and control chicken muscle. I. Preparation and preliminary characterization. Arch. Biochem. 119, 491 (1967).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  650. Morgan, D. F., and H. Herrmann: Comparison of muscle tissue from normal and dystrophic chick at different stages of development. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.) 120, 68 (1965).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  651. Morgulis, S., and H.C. Spencer: Study of dietary factors concerned in nutritional muscular dystrophy. J. Nutr. 11, 573 (1936).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  652. Morgulis, S., V. M. Wilder, H. C. Spencer, and S. H. Eppstein: Studies on the lipid content of normal and dystrophic rabbits. J. biol. Chem. 124, 755 (1938).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  653. Morgulis, S. and H. P. Jacobi: Perspective of biochemical defects in muscle in vitamin E-deficiency. Quart. Bull. Northw. Univ. med. Sch. 20, 92 (1946).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  654. Morrell, R. M.: Abnormal hepatic tests in muscular disease. Arch. intern. Med. 104, 83 (1959).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  655. Mosberg, G.: Beitrag zur Kenntnis des Stoffwechsels der Dystrophia musculorum progressiva. Klin. Wschr. 9, 2051 (1930).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  656. Moser, H., U. Wiesmann, R. Richterich u. E. Rossi: Progressive Muskeldystrophie. VI. Häufigkeit, Klinik und Genetik der Duchenne-Form. Schweiz. med. Wschr. 94, 1610 (1964).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  657. Moser, H., U. Wiesmann, R. Richterich u. E. Rossi Progressive Muskeldystrophie. VIII. Häufigkeit, Klinik und Genetik der Typen I und II. Schweiz. med. Wschr. 96, 169, 205 (1966).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  658. Mularek, J., and M. Gembicki: The thyroid function investigation in patients with muscular atrophy using radioactive iodine 131. Psychiat. et Neurol. (Basel) 152, 156 (1966).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  659. Murphy, E. G., and M. M. Cherniak: Glutamic oxalacetic transaminase activity in the serum in muscular dystrophy and other neuromuscular disorders in childhood. Pediatrics 22, 1110 (1958).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  660. Myerson, R. M., J. K. Hurwitz, and T. Sall: Serum and cerebrospinal-fluid transaminase concentration in various neurologic disorders. New Engl. J. Med. 257, 273 (1957).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  661. Nachmias, V. I., and H. A. Padykula: A histochemical investigation of normal and denervatedred and white muscles of the rat. J. biophys. biochem. Cytol. 4, 47 (1958).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  662. Nakahara, M., and S. Yamada: Studies on progressive muscular dystrophy. IV. Effects of original amino acids mixture on progressive muscular dystrophy. Arzneimittel-Forsch. 17, 753 (1967).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  663. Nath, K., K. M. Wahal, and V. N. Agarwal: Serum glutamic oxalacetic transaminase in muscular and neuromuscular disorders. J. Indian med. Ass. 39, 235 (1962).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  664. Nerdrum, H. J., and K. J. Berg: Changes of serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase and serum lactic dehydrogenase on physical exertion. Scand. J. clin. Lab. Invest. 16, 624 (1964).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  665. Neustadt, J. E., R. C. Levy, and I. J. Spiegel: Carbon dioxide narcosis in association with muscular dystrophy. J. Amer. med. Ass. 187, 616 (1964).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  666. Nevin, S.: Study of muscle chemistry in myasthenia gravis, pseudohypertrophic muscular dystrophy and myotonia. Brain 57, 239 (1934).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  667. Nevin, S. Two cases of muscular degeneration occurring in late adult life, with a review of the recorded cases of late progressive muscular dystrophy. Quart. J. Med. 29, 51 (1936).

    Google Scholar 

  668. Nichol, C., P. L. McGeer, and J. R. Miller: Creatine kinase in normal and dystrophic mouse muscle. Canad. J. Biochem. 40, 443 (1962).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  669. Nichol, C. J.: Creatine kinase in muscle of normal and dystrophic mice of strain 129. Canad. J. Biochem. 42, 243 (1964).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  670. Nichol, C. J. Sulfhydryl and disulfide concentrations in dystrophic mouse muscle. Canad. J. Biochem. 42, 1643 (1964).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  671. Nichol, C. J. Serum creatine phosphokinase in mice with muscular dystrophy. Enzym. biol. clin. 4, 217 (1964).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  672. Nichol, C. J. Serum creatine phosphokinase measurements in muscular dystrophy studies. Clin. chim. Acta 11, 404 (1965).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  673. Nickell, W. K., and F. F. Allbritten: Serum transaminase content related to tissue injury. Surgery 42, 240 (1957).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  674. Niebroj-Dobosz, I., u. I. Hausmanowa-Petrusewicz: Neurol. Neurochir. pol. 13, 461 (1963).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  675. Niebroj-Dobosz, I., u. I. Hausmanowa-Petrusewicz Pol. med. J. 3, 689 (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  676. Niebroj-Dobosz, I. Disturbances of the combustion processes in muscular disorders. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiat. 28, 19 (1965).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  677. — Final combustion processes in muscular disorders. Proc. 8th Int. Congr. Neurology, Vienna 1965, Tom. II, p. 511.

    Google Scholar 

  678. Niebroj-Dobosz, I. and I. Hausmanowa-Petrusewicz: Biochemical disorders in muscle diseases. III. Processes of final combustion in the blood of family members of patients with progressive muscular dystrophy. Acta med. pol. 6, 125 (1965).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  679. Nivet, M., C. Constans, and J. Facquet: Pathological elevations of creatine kinase apart from myocardial infarction. Rev. franç. Étud. clin. biol. 8, 74 (1963).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  680. Norris, F. H., Jr., A. J. Moss, and P. N. Yu: On the possibility that a type of human muscular dystrophy commences in myocardium. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 138, 342 (1966).

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  681. Nothacker, W. G., and M. G. Netsky: Myocardial lesions in progressive muscular dystrophy. Arch. Path. 50, 578 (1950).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  682. Ochoa, J., and W. G. Mair: The ultrastructure of normal foetal muscle and foetal muscle from known dystrophic carriers. In: Research in Muscular Dystrophy. London: Pitman 1968, p. 223.

    Google Scholar 

  683. Odom, G., C. K. Russel, and D. McEachern: Studies in neuromuscular disorders: the myogram, blood cholinesterase and effects of prostigmine in myasthenia gravis and progressive muscular dystrophy. Brain 66 I, 1 (1943).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  684. Oepen, H., u. I. Oepen: Geschlechtsspezifische Konzentrationsunterschiede der Serum-Aminosäuren. Klin. Wschr. 43, 211 (1965).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  685. Ogata, T.: A histochemical study of the red and white muscle fibers. I. Activity of the succinoxydase system in muscle fibers. Acta Med. Okayama 12, 216 (1958).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  686. Ogata, T. A histochemical study of the red and white muscle fibers. II. Activity of the cytochrome oxydase system in muscle fibers. Acta Med. Okayama 12, 228 (1958).

    Google Scholar 

  687. Ogata, T. A histochemical study of the red and white muscle fibers. III. Activity of the diphos-phorydine nucleotide diaphorase and triphosphopyridine nucleotide diaphorase in muscle fibers. Acta Med. Okayama 12, 233 (1958).

    Google Scholar 

  688. Ogata, T. The differences in some labil constituents and some enzymatic activities between the red and the white muscle. J. Biochem. (Tokyo) 47, 726 (1960).

    Google Scholar 

  689. Ogata, T. and M. Mori: Histochemical demonstration of the three types of intrafusal fibers of muscle spindles. A study of oxidative enzymes. Acta Med. Okayama 16, 347 (1962).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  690. Ogata, T. A histochemical study of hydrolytic enzymes in muscle fibers of various animals. J. Histochem. Cytochem. 11, 645 (1963).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  691. Ogata, T. Histochemical study of oxidative enzymes in vertebrate muscles. J. Histochem. Cytochem. 12, 171 (1964).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  692. Ohno, S., and S. Makino: The single-x nature of sex chromatin in man. Lancet 1961 I, 78.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  693. Okinaka, S., H. Sugita, H. Momoi, Y. Toyokura, H. Kumagai, S. Ebashi, and Y. Fujie: Serum creatine phosphokinase and aldolase activity in neuromuscular disorders. Amer. Neurol. Ass. 84th Ann. Meet., Atlantic City 1959.

    Google Scholar 

  694. Okinaka, S., H. Kumagai, S. Ebashi, H. Sugita, H. Momoi, Y. Toyokura, and Y. Fujie: Serum creatine phosphokinase activity in progressive muscular dystrophy and neuromuscular diseases. Arch. Neurol. (Chic.) 4, 520 (1961).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  695. Omar, E. M., T. M. Fergusin, C. R. Creger, and J. R. Couch: Enzyme activities in the developing muscle and liver of normal and genetically dystrophic chick embryos. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.) 118, 225 (1965).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  696. Opie, L. H., and E. A. Newsholme: The activities of fructose 1,6-diphosphatase, phosphofructokinase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase in white muscle and red muscle. Biochem. J. 103, 391 (1967).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  697. Oppel, R. W., C. Coker, and A. T. Milhorat: The effect of pituitary adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) in dermatomyositis. Ann. intern. Med. 32, 318 (1950).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  698. Oppenheimer, H., S. Shulman, S. Roberts, and A. T. Milhorat: Serum proteins, lipoproteins, and glycoproteins. II. Muscular dystrophy and related diseases in patients. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.) 100, 564 (1959).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  699. Oppenheimer, H., H. R. Terry, E. Forsyth, and A. T. Milhorat: Muscle proteins in mice with hereditary muscular dystrophy. Fed. Proc. 18, 460 (1959).

    Google Scholar 

  700. Oppenheimer, H. and A. T. Milhorat: Serum proteins, lipoproteins and glycoproteins in muscular dystrophy and related diseases. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 94, 308 (1961).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  701. Oppenheimer, H., K. Barany, and A. T. Milhorat: Myosin from mice with hereditary muscular dystrophy. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.) 116, 877 (1964).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  702. Oppenheimer, H., R. B. Rogers, and A. T. Milhorat: Phosphorus in cell fractions of skeletal muscle from mice with hereditary muscular dystrophy. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.) 118, 1025 (1965).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  703. Orr, W. F., and A. S. Minot: Ribosuria, a clinical test for muscular dystrophy. Arch. Neurol. (Chic.) 67, 483 (1952).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  704. O’Steen, K.: Growth activity of normal and dystrophic muscle implants in normal and dystrophic hosts. Lab. Invest. 11, 412 (1962).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  705. O’Steen, K. The growth of human dystrophic skeletal muscle in diffusion chambers. Tex. Rep. Biol. Med. 21, 369 (1963).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  706. Otto, P., E. Schmidt u. F. W. Schmidt: Enzymspiegel im Serum bei körperlicher Arbeit und ambulanten Patienten. Klin. Wschr. 42, 75 (1964).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  707. Overzier, C., and E. P. Bleiching: Testicular atrophy in dystrophia musculorum progressiva (Erb). Lancet 1961 II, 1046.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  708. Owens, K.: Fatty acid and aldehyde composition of normal and dystrophic muscle lipids. In: Research in Muscular Dystrophy. London: Pitman 1968, p. 363.

    Google Scholar 

  709. Pagliaro, L., and A. Notarbartolo: α-Hydroxybutyric dehydrogenase in the diagnosis of myocardial infarction. Lancet 1962 I, 1043.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  710. Pallikan, D.: Studien über den Kohlehydratstoffwechsel bei Dystrophia musculorum progressiva. Z. Neurol. 166, 236 (1939).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  711. Palmieri, A., e S. Giacca: Comportamento delle curve da carico di ferro per os e per via endovenosa in un caso di atrofia muscolare progressiva. Arch. E. Maragliano Pat. Clin. 13, 1159 (1957).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  712. Pansini, R., e N. Sozio: Ricerche sulla fisiopatologia muscolare dell’uomo; comportamento dell’alcoolemia, piruvicemia e glicemia nel circolo venoso superficiale dopo carico d’insulina in miopatici. Rass. Fisiopat. clin. ter. 25, 421 (1953).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  713. Park, D. C., and R. J. Pennington: Intracellular distribution of some enzymes in normal skeletal muscle. Clin. chim. Acta 13, 694 (1966).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  714. Patterson, M., and G. Rios: Disturbed gastrointestinal motility. Unusual manifestation of systemic muscular disorder; polymyositis or progressive muscular dystrophy. Gastroenterology 36, 261 (1959).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  715. Patterson, M., and G. Rios Gastrointestinal tract and muscular dystrophy. Tex. Rep. Biol. Med. 17, 502 (1959).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  716. Patterson, M., H. Ong, and A. Drake: Intestinal absorption in muscular dystrophy patients. Arch. intern. Med. 114, 67 (1964).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  717. Pawlak, M., et R. Pion: Influence de la composition des protéines alimentaires sur les teneurs en acides amines libres du sang total et du muscle du rat en croissance. C. R. Acad. Sci. (Paris) 264, 380 (1967).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  718. Pearce, G. W.: Electron microscopy in the study of muscular dystrophy. In: Muscular Dystrophy in Man and Animals. Edit. by G. H. Bourne and M. N. Golarz. New York: S. Karger 1963.

    Google Scholar 

  719. Pearce, G. W. Tissue culture and electron microscopy. In: Research in Muscular Dystrophy. London: Pitman 1963, p. 75.

    Google Scholar 

  720. Pearce, G. W. Tissue culture and electron microscopy in muscle disease. In: Disorders of Voluntary Muscle. Edit. by J. N. Walton. London: J. A. Churchill 1964.

    Google Scholar 

  721. Pearce, G. W., J. M. S. Pearce, and J. N. Walton: The Duchenne type muscular dystrophy. Histopathological studies of the carrier state. Brain 89, 109 (1966).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  722. Pearce, G. W. Electron microscopy in the study of muscular dystrophy. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 138, 138 (1966).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  723. Pearce, J. M., R. J. Pennington, and J. N. Walton: Serum enzyme studies in muscle disease. II. Serum creatine kinase activity in muscular dystrophy and in other myopathic and neuropathic disorders. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiat. 27, 96 (1964).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  724. Pearce, J. M., R. J. Pennington, and J. N. Walton Serum enzyme studies in muscle disease. III. Serum creatine kinase activity in relatives of patients with the Duchenne type of muscular dystrophy. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiat. 27, 181 (1964).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  725. Pearse, A. G. E.: Direct relationship of phosphorylase and mitochondrial α-glycero-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in skeletal muscle. Nature (Lond.) 191, 504 (1961).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  726. Pearse, A. G. E. The histoenzymology of normal and diseased muscle. In: Research in Muscular Dystrophy. London: Pitman 1963, p. 189.

    Google Scholar 

  727. Pearson, C. M.: Serum enzymes in muscular dystrophy and certain other muscular and neuromuscular diseases. New Engl. J. Med. 256, 1069 (1957).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  728. Pearson, C. M., W. S. Beck, and W. H. Blahd: Idiopathic paroxysmal myoglobinuria. Arch. intern. Med. 99, 376 (1957).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  729. Pearson, C. M. Biochemical and histochemical research. Lancet 1961 I, 276.

    Google Scholar 

  730. Pearson, C. M., S. R. Chowdhury, and W. M. Fowler: Biochemical detection and histological study of muscular dystrophy in the preclinical stage. J. clin. Invest. 40, 1070 (1961).

    Google Scholar 

  731. Pearson, C. M., W. M. Fowler Jr., M. H. Jones, and W. H. Griffith: Studies of enzymes in serum in muscular dystrophy. II. Diagnostic and prognostic significance in relatives of dystrophic persons. Pediatrics 28, 962 (1961).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  732. Pearson, C. M. Polymyositis: clinical forms, diagnosis and therapy. Postgrad. Med. 31, 450 (1962).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  733. Pearson, C. M. Biochemical and histological features of early muscular dystrophy. Rev. canad. Biol. 21, 533 (1962).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  734. Pearson, C. M. Histopathological features of muscle in the preclinical stages of muscular dystrophy. Brain 85, 109 (1962).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  735. Pearson, C. M. Muscular dystrophy. Review and recent observations. Amer. J. Med. 35, 732 (1963).

    Google Scholar 

  736. Pearson, C. M., W. M. Fowler, and S. W. Wright: X-chromosome mosaicism in females with muscular dystrophy. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.) 50, 24 (1963).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  737. Pearson, C. M., N. C. Kar, J. B. Peter, and T. L. Munsat: Muscle lactate dehydrogenase patterns in two types of X-linked muscular dystrophy. Amer. J. Med. 39, 91 (1965).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  738. Pearson, C. M. Isoenzymes: general considerations and alterations in human and animal myopathies. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 138, 293 (1966).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  739. Pellegrino, C., and C. Bibbiani: Increase of muscle permeability to aldolase in several experimental atrophies. Nature (Lond.) 204, 483 (1964).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  740. Pellet, H.: Pathologie musculaire. Apport de l’expérimentation. Presse méd. 74, 165 (1966).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  741. Pennington, R. J., and P. Leyburn: Glucose utilization by erythrocytes from muscular dystrophy patients. Clin. chim. Acta 5, 766 (1960).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  742. Pennington, R. J. 5′-adenylic acid deaminase in dystrophic mouse muscle. Nature (Lond.) 192, 884 (1961).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  743. Pennington, R. J. Biochemistry of dystrophic muscle. Mitochondrial succinate-tetrazolium reductase and adenosine triphosphatase. Biochem. J. 80, 649 (1961).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  744. Pennington, R. J. Some enzyme studies in muscular dystrophy. Proc. Ass. clin. Biochem. 2, 17 (1962).

    Google Scholar 

  745. Pennington, R. J. Muscle enzymes in animal and human dystrophy. In: Research in Muscular Dystrophy. London: Pitman 1963, p. 159.

    Google Scholar 

  746. Pennington, R. J. Biochemical aspects of muscle disease. In: Disorders of Voluntary Muscle. Edit. by J. N. Walton. London: J. A. Churchill 1964.

    Google Scholar 

  747. Pennington, R. J., D. C. Park, and C. P. Freeman: The fatty acid composition of infiltration fat in muscle from a case of muscular dystrophy. Clin. chim. Acta 13, 399 (1966).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  748. Perkoff, G. T., and F. H. Tyler: Studies in disorders of muscle. XI. The problem of pentosuria in progressive muscular dystrophy. Metabolism 5, 563 (1956).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  749. Perkoff, G. T., D. M. Brown, and F. H. Tyler: The isolation of myoglobin in progressive muscular dystrophy. J. clin. Endocr. 17, 1489 (1957).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  750. Perkoff, G. T. and F. H. Tyler: Creatine metabolism in the Bar Habor 129 strain dystrophic mouse. Metabolism 7, 745 (1958).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  751. Perkoff, G. T. R. L. Hill, and F. H. Tyler: Abnormal myoglobin chromatography in childhood muscular dystrophy. J. clin. Invest. 41, 1391 (1962).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  752. Perkoff, G. T. Studies of myoglobin in idiopathic myoglobinuria. Clin. Res. 11, 115 (1963).

    Google Scholar 

  753. Perkoff, G. T. Studies of human myoglobin in several diseases of muscle. New Engl. J. Med. 270, 263 (1964).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  754. Perkoff, G. T. Evidence for a specific human fetal muscle heme protein. J. Lab. clin. Med. 67, 585 (1966).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  755. Perloff, J. K., W. C. Roberts, A. C. De Leon, and D. O’Doherty: The distinctive electrocardiogram of Duchenne’s progressive muscular dystrophy. An electrocardio-graphic-pathologic correlative study. Amer. J. Med. 42, 179 (1967).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  756. Peterson, D. W., A. L. Lilyblade, and J. Lyon: Serine-ethanolamine-phosphate, taurine, and free amino acids of muscles in hereditary muscular dystrophy of the chicken. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.) 118, 798 (1963).

    Google Scholar 

  757. Pette, D., M. Klingenberg, and T. Buecher: Comparable and specific proportions in the mitochondrial enzyme activity pattern. Biochem. biophys. Res. Commun. 7, 425 (1962).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  758. Pette, D. u. T. Buecher: Proportionskonstante Gruppen in Beziehung zu Differenzierung der Enzymaktivitätsmuster von Skelett-Muskeln des Kaninchens. Hoppe-Seylers Z. physiol. Chem. 331, 180 (1963).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  759. Pilsum, J. F. Van, and R. E. Wahman: Creatine and creatinine in the carcass and urine of normal and vitamin E-deficient rabbits. J. biol. Chem. 235, 2092 (1960).

    Google Scholar 

  760. Pirelli, A.: Particolari caratteristiche metaboliche del plasma di soggetti affetti da distrofia muscolare progressiva. L’effetto plasmatico sulla utilizzazione del glucosio da parte del diaframma di ratto. Boll. Soc. ital. Biol. sper. 40, 935 (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  761. Plagemann, P. G. W., K. F. Gregory, and F. Wroblewski: The electrophoretically distinct forms of mammalian lactic dehydrogenase. II. J. biol. Chem. 235, 2282 (1960).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  762. Plauchu, G., P. Galy, A. Perrin, J. M. Robert et J. Délaye: Insuffisance ventilatoire et hypertension artérielle pulmonaire au cours d’une dystrophie musculaire progressive familiale. Le problème du cœur pulmonaire chronique dans les myopathies. Cœur Méd. inter. 5, 281 (1966).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  763. Poortmans, J., J. J. S’jongers, A. Thys, and E. Van Kerchhove: The transaminase activity of the whole blood and serum during muscular effort. Rev. franç. Étud. clin. biol. 8, 173 (1963).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  764. Pope, R. S., E. D. Murphy, and W. T. West: Histopathology of dystrophic and normal mice after timed periods of parabiosis. Anat. Rec. 151, 151 (1965).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  765. Popoviciu, L., M. Pirvu, T. Lazar, I. Proinov, O. Pavel, R. Catana et S. Comes: Recherches biochimiques dans certaines maladies hérédodégénératives du système nerveux. Arch. Un. méd. balkan. 2, 181 (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  766. Pruzanski, W., and A. G. Huvos: Smooth muscle involvement in primary muscle disease. L Myotonic dystrophy. Arch. Path. 83, 229 (1967).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  767. Prystowsky, H., A. E. Hellegers, E. Ranke, B. Ranke, and B. F. Chow: Further observations on the metabolism of vitamin B12 in human pregnancy. Amer. J. Obstet. Gynec. 77, 1 (1959).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  768. Rabinowitz, J. L.: Studies on dystrophic mice and their litter mates. Fed. Proc. 18, 306 (1959).

    Google Scholar 

  769. Rabinowitz, J. L., J. Burns, G. D. Chase, and H. C. Allen: Studies on dystrophic mice and their littermates. I. Blood volume determinations. Atompraxis 5, 487 (1959).

    Google Scholar 

  770. Rabinowitz, J. L. Enzymic studies on dystrophic mice and their littermates (lipogenesis and cholesterol-genesis). Biochim. biophys. Acta 43, 337 (1960).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  771. Radu, H., I. Gödri, G. Blücher, S. Migea, L. Bordeianu et I. Lupsa: L’étude du métabolisme du P32 et du K42 dans la dystrophie musculaire progressive. Proc. 8th Int. Congr. Neurology, Vienna 1965, Tom. II, p. 519.

    Google Scholar 

  772. Radu, H., I. Gödri, G. Blücher, S. Migea, L. Bordeianu et I. Lupsa 32P-Stoffwechselstudie bei Muskelkrankheiten verschiedener Genese. In: Progressive Muskeldystrophie, Myotonie, Myasthenie. Hrsg. von E. Kühn. Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer 1966, S. 139.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  773. Ranvier, M. L.: Propriétés et structures différentes des muscles rouges et des muscles blancs, chez les lapins et chez les rats. C. R. Acad. Sci. (Paris) 77, 1030 (1873).

    Google Scholar 

  774. Read, W. O., and S. Nehorayan: Effect of vitamin E-deficiency on creatine phosphokinase of heart and skeletal muscle. Amer. J. Physiol. 196, 1286 (1959).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  775. Read, W. O. Creatine phosphokinase in muscles of dystrophic mice. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.) 109, 696 (1962).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  776. Rehn, J., E. Köhnlein, S. Graner u. A. Zeller: Über den Einfluß chirurgischer Eingriffe auf die Fermentaktivität im Serum. Med. Welt (Stuttg). 1960, 347.

    Google Scholar 

  777. Reinhold, J. G., and G. R. Kingsley: The chemical composition of voluntary muscle in muscle disease: A comparison of progressive muscular dystrophy with other diseases together with a study of effects of glycine and creatine therapy. J. clin. Invest. 17, 377 (1938).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  778. Richter, K., u. K. Konitzer: Veränderungen der Aldolaseaktivität im Blutserum bei Muskelarbeit. Klin. Wschr. 38, 998 (1960).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  779. Richterich, R.: Enzympathologie. Enzyme in Klinik und Forschung. Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer 1958.

    Google Scholar 

  780. Richterich, R., E. Gautier, W. Egli, K. Zuppinger u. E. Rossi: Progressive Muskeldystrophie. I. Die Heterogenität der Serum-Lactat-Dehydrogenase. Klin. Wschr. 39, 346 (1961).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  781. Richterich, R., S. Rosin, u. Aebi, and E. Rossi: Progressive muscular dystrophy. V. The identification of the carrier state in the Duchenne type by serum creatine kinase determination. Amer. J. hum. Genet. 15, 133 (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  782. Richterich, R. Zur Biochemie der progressiven Muskeldystrophie. In: Myopathien. Hrsg. von R. Beckmann. Stuttgart: G. Thieme 1965, S. 187.

    Google Scholar 

  783. Richterich, R. Biochemische Unterschiede zwischen Muskel-Dystrophie und Muskel-Atrophie. Cytoplasmatische Enzyme in der Muskulatur. In: Progressive Muskeldystrophie, Myotonie, Myasthenie. Hrsg. von E. Kuhn. Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer 1966, S. 155.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  784. Riesser, O.: Beiträge zur Physiologie des Kreatins. Hoppe-Seylers Z. physiol. Chem. 120, 189 (1922).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  785. Ritter, J., and D. Seligson: Elevation of serum glutamic oxalacetic transaminase and urinary coproporphyrins in pseudohypertrophic muscular dystrophy. Amer. J. med. Sci. 233, 559 (1957).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  786. Robin, G. C., and G. Falewski: Acute gastric dilatation in progressive muscular dystrophy. Lancet 1963 I, 171.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  787. Roderuck, C. E., D. H. Basinski, and M. A. Barber: Some chemical and enzymic alteration in muscle in experimental dystrophy. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 52, 156 (1949).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  788. Roderuck, C. E. Analysis of certain components of skeletal muscle during vitamin E-deficiency. J. biol. Chem. 181, 11 (1949).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  789. Roffler, S. A., P. H. Weswig, O. H. Muth, and J. E. Oldsfield: 5′-nucleotidase activity in chickens, cotton rats, and lambs with nutritional myopathies. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.) 121, 780 (1966).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  790. Romanul, F. C. A.: Enzymes in muscle. I. Histochemical studies of enzymes in individual muscle fibers. Arch. Neurol. (Chic.) 11, 355 (1964).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  791. Romanul, F. C. A. Distribution of capillaries in relation to oxidative metabolism of skeletal muscle fibres. Nature (Lond.) 201, 307 (1964).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  792. Romanul, F. C. A. Capillary supply and metabolism of muscle fibers. Arch. Neurol. (Chic.) 12, 497 (1965).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  793. Ronzoni E., S. M. Wald, R. L. Lam, and E. F. Fildea: Ribosuria in muscular dystrophy. Neurology (Minneap.) 5, 412 (1955).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  794. Ronzoni E., S. M. Wald, L. Berg, and R. Ramsey: Distribution of high energy phosphate in normal and dystrophic muscle. Neurology (Minneap.) 8, 359 (1958).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  795. Ronzoni E., L. Berg, and W. Landau: Enzyme studies in progressive muscular dystrophy. In: Neuromuscular Disorders. Res. Publ. Ass. nerv. ment. Dis. 38, 721 (1961).

    Google Scholar 

  796. Rosa, J., R. Saddi et G. Schapira: Migration électrophorétique de la transaminase sérique glutamique-oxaloacétique chez le sujet normal et le myopathe. C. R. Soc. Biol. (Paris) 152 (1958) 152.

    Google Scholar 

  797. Rosalki, S. B.: Creatine phosphokinase isoenzymes. Nature (Lond.) 207, 414 (1965).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  798. Rosalki, S. B. Fibre composition of skeletal muscle. Persönl. Mitteilung vom 4. 1. 1966 (St. Mary’s Hospital, London W. 2).

    Google Scholar 

  799. Rosalki, S. B. An improved procedure for serum creatine phosphokinase determination. J. Lab. clin. Med. 69, 696 (1967).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  800. Rosalki, S. B. Creatine kinase and brain damage. Lancet 1967 II, 722.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  801. Rosalki, S. B. Lactic dehydrogenase activity and isoenzymes of human skeletal muscle. In: Research in Muscular Dystrophy. London: Pitman 1968, p. 348.

    Google Scholar 

  802. Rose, C. S., and P. György: Specificity of hemolytic reaction in vitamin E-deficient erythrocytes. Amer. J. Physiol. 168, 414 (1952).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  803. Rosenkrantz, H., A. T. Milhorat, and M. Färber: Intestinal absorption of vitamin E preparations in patients with muscular dystrophy. Metabolism 2, 556 (1953).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  804. Rosenkrantz, H. Studies in vitamin E-deficiency. I. The oxygen consumption of various tissues from the rabbit. J. biol. Chem. 214, 789 (1955).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  805. Rosenkrantz, H. Studies in vitamin E-deficiency. IV. The influence of steroid hormones on rabbit skeletal muscle. J. biol. Chem. 234, 35 (1959).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  806. Rosenkrantz, H. Dehydrogenase levels in mice with muscular dystrophy. Fed. Proc. 18, 312 (1959).

    Google Scholar 

  807. Rosenkrantz, H. and R. O. Laferte: A comparison of reducing systems in vitamin E-deprived rabbits and mice with dystrophia muscularis. Arch. Biochem. 89, 173 (1960).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  808. Rosenthal, M.: Handbuch der Diagnostik und Therapie der Nervenkrankheiten. Erlangen: F. Enke 1870, S. 220.

    Google Scholar 

  809. Ross, J.: On a case of pseudohypertrophic paralysis. Brit. med. J. 1, 200 (1883).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  810. Ross, K. F. A., and D. E. Jans: The nuclear and cytoplasmic RNA in normally differentiating and dystrophic myoblasts. In: Research in Muscular Dystrophy. London: Pitman 1968, p. 240.

    Google Scholar 

  811. Rossi, F., M. Zatti A. Tartarini: Ricerche su alcune vie di riossidazione del TPNH in condizioni di maggiore attivita della G-6-P deidrogenasi e 6-PG deidrogenasi nel muscolo. Sperimentale 113, 15 (1963).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  812. Rotthauwe, H. W., u. S. Koalewski: Klinische und biochemische Untersuchungen bei Myopathien. I. Serumenzyme bei progressiver Muskeldystrophie (Typ I, II, III a). Klin. Wschr 43, 144 (1965).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  813. Rotthauwe, H. W., u. S. Koalewski: Klinische und biochemische Untersuchungen bei Myopathien. II. Die Bedeutung der Serum-Kreatin-Phosphokinase und der Serum-Aldolase für die Identifizierung von Heterozygoten der recessiv x-chromosomalen Formen der progressiven Muskeldystrophie (Typ 3a und b). Klin. Wschr. 43, 150 (1965).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  814. Rotthauwe, H. W., u. S. Koalewski: Gutartige recessiv x-chromosomal vererbte Muskeldystrophie. I. Untersuchungen bei Merkmalträgern. Hum. Genet. 3, 17 (1966).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  815. Rotthauwe, H. W., u. S. Koalewski: Aktivierung und Alterung der Serum-Kreatin-Phosphokinase. Klin. Wschr. 45, 387 (1967).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  816. Rotthauwe, H. W., u. S. Koalewski: Bestimmung der aktivierten Serum-Kreatin-Phosphokinase. Z. klin. Chem. 5, 254 (1967).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  817. Rowland, L. P.: Diskussionsbemerkung zum Vortrag “Tissue and serum aldolase in neuromuscular disease” von S. B. Aronson u. B. W. Volk. Arch. Neurol. (Chic.) 75, 568 (1956).

    Google Scholar 

  818. Rowland, L. P. and G. Ross: Serum aldolase in muscular dystrophies, neuromuscular disorders and wasting of skeletal muscle. Arch. Neurol. (Chic.) 80, 157 (1958).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  819. Rowland, L. P. Muscular dystrophies and related diseases: metabolic aspects. Manitoba med. Rev. 44, 540 (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  820. Rubin, I. L., and A. S. Buchberg: The heart in progressive muscular dystrophy. Amer. Heart J. 43, 161 (1952).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  821. Rubinstein, L. J.: Triphosphopyridine nucleotide (TPN) diaphorase and TPN-dependent dehydrogenase activity of reactive macrophages in tissue necrosis. Nature (Lond.) 193, 895 (1962).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  822. Rulon, R. R., D. D. Schottelius, and B. A. Schottelius: Phosphorylase activation in stimulated dystrophic mouse muscle. Amer. J. Physiol. 202, 821 (1962).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  823. Salvi, G., u. Ambanelli, G. Rosati, M. Carreras, and F. Mironi: Changes in serum glutamic oxalacetic transaminases and aldolases in muscle diseases, with special reference to Steinert’s myotonic dystrophy. Riv. Pat. nerv. ment. 80, 1 (1959).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  824. Sandberg, A. A., H. H. Hecht, and F. H. Tyler: The heart in muscular dystrophy. Amer. J. Med. 13, 498 (1952).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  825. Sandberg, A. A., H. H. Hecht, and F. H. Tyler: Studies in disorders of muscle. X. The site of creatine synthesis in the human. Metabolism 2, 22 (1953).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  826. Sarkar, N. K., and U. Srivastava: Biochemical changes in progressive muscular dystrophy. II. Phosphorus metabolism in normal, nutritional, and hereditary dystrophic muscles, livers and brains of animals. J. Nutr. 83, 193 (1964).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  827. Sarteschi, P., e P. Fabiana: Boll. Soc. med.-chir. 26, 187 (1958).

    Google Scholar 

  828. Scott, M. L., and C. C. Calvert: Evidence of a specific effect of cystine in the prevention of nutritional muscular dystrophy in vitamin E-deficient chicks. J. Nutr. 77, 105 (1962).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  829. Scott, M. L., E. Søndergaard, and H. Dam: A lack of relationship between succinic dehydrogenase and nutritional muscular dystrophy in chicks. Fed. Proc. 21, 473 (1962).

    Google Scholar 

  830. Seidel, J. C., F. A. Sreter, M. M. Thompson, and J. Gergely: Comparative studies of myofibrils, myosin, and actomyosin from red and white rabbit skeletal muscle. Biochem. biophys. Res. Commun. 17, 662 (1964).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  831. Severin, S. E., I. M. Bocharnikova, P. L. Vulfson, X. A. Grigorovich u. G. A. Soloveva: Die biologische Bedeutung des Carnosin. (Russ.) Biokhimiya 28, 510 (1963).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  832. Shabanova, I. A.: Carbohydrate-phosphorus metabolism in the muscles of rats in experimental muscular dystrophy. Biokhimiya 18, 385 (1953). Ref.: Chem. Abstr. 48, Nr. 4681 (1954).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  833. Shank, R. E., H. Gilder, and C. L. Hoagland: Studies on diseases of muscle. I. Progressive muscular dystrophy; a clinical review of 40 cases. Arch. Neurol. (Chic.) 52, 431 (1944).

    Google Scholar 

  834. Shapiro, H. S., J. Ribeilima, and V. E. Wendt: Myocardial infarction in progressive muscular dystrophy. Amer. J. Cardiol. 14, 232 (1964).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  835. Sharma, N. L., K. M. Goel, P. N. Mehrotra, and J. S. Anand: Glutamic oxalacetic transaminase (GOT) activity in serum and cerebrospinal fluid in muscular dystrophy. Indian J. Pediat. 31, 145 (1964).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  836. Sharma, N. L., A. Kumar, K. M. Goel, and A. K. Rastogi: Glutamic oxalacetic transaminase (GOT) activity in serum and cerebrospinal fluid in muscular dystrophy. Indian J. med. Res. 53, 334 (1965).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  837. Shaw, R. F., C. M. Pearson, and S. R. Chowdhury: Statistical characteristics and normal values of four serum enzymes, glutamic oxalacetic transaminase, glutamic pyruvic transaminase, aldolase, and creatine phosphokinase. Enzym. biol. clin. 6, 10 (1966).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  838. Shaw, R. F., C. M. Pearson, and S. R. Chowdhury and F. E. Dreifuss: Serum enzymes in sex-linked (Duchenne) muscular dystrophy. Arch. Neurol. (Chic.) 16, 115 (1967).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  839. Shepard, T. H., L. H. Gordon, and J. E. Wollenweber: Lactic dehydrogenase isoenzymes in muscle from patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Nature (Lond.) 208, 1107 (1965).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  840. Shinozaki, T.: J. Okayama med. Ass. 74, 487 (1962).

    Google Scholar 

  841. Shonk, C. E., B. J. Koven, H. Majima, and G. E. Boxer: Enzyme patterns in human tissues. II. Glycolytic enzyme patterns in nonmalignant human tissues. Cancer Res. 24, 722 (1964).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  842. Shull, R. L., and R. B. Alfin-Slater: Tissue lipids of dystrophia muscularis, a mouse with inherited muscular dystrophy. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.) 97, 403 (1958).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  843. Shy, G. M., D. J. Cummings, L. Berg, and B. Horvath: Muscular dystrophy. Potassium exchange in residual muscle. J. appl. Physiol. 8, 33 (1955).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  844. Siblet, J. A., and A. L. Lehninger: Determination of aldolase in animal tissues. J. biol. Chem. 177, 859 (1949).

    Google Scholar 

  845. Siblet, J. A., and A. L. Lehninger Aldolase in the serum and tissues of tumor-bearing animals. J. nat. Cancer Inst. 9, 303 (1949).

    Google Scholar 

  846. Sibrik, I. De, and D. S. O’Doherty: Oxidative enzymes in muscular dystrophy. Neurology (Minneap.) 13, 554 (1963).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  847. Siedler, A. J., W. P. Norman, and R. N. Sayre: Muscular dystrophy. A problem in polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism? Amer. J. clin. Nutr. 15, 187 (1964).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  848. Siekert, R. G., and G. A. Fleisher: Serum GOT in certain neurologic and neuromuscular diseases. Mayo Clin. Proc. 31, 459 (1956).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  849. Simon, E. J., I. M. Lessell, C. S. Gross, and A. T. Milhorat: Amino acid incorporation into muscle and liver proteins of mice with hereditary muscular dystrophy. Fed. Proc. 17, 311 (1958).

    Google Scholar 

  850. Simon, E. J., C. S. Gross, and I. M. Lessell: Turnover of muscle and liver proteins in mice with hereditary muscular dystrophy. Arch. Biochem. 96, 41 (1962).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  851. Singer, K., B. Angelopoulos, and G. Ramot: Studies on human myoglobin. II. Fetal myoglobin; its identification and its replacement by adult myoglobin during infancy. Blood 10, 987 (1955).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  852. Singh, S. D., R. Vijayvergiya, E. S. Ranawat, and D. E. Antia: Myopathy (Progressive muscular dystrophy). A clinical and tissue respiration study. Indian J. Pediat. 29, 397 (1962).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  853. Singh, S. D. and I. K. Somani: Indian Practit. 16, 433 (1963).

    Google Scholar 

  854. Sitzmann, F. C.: Untersuchungen über das Verhalten der Creatinphosphokinase während der Neugeborenenperiode. Z. Kinderheilk. 96, 343 (1966).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  855. Sitzmann, F. C. Kreatinphosphokinase-Aktivität im Serum bei Säuglingen und Kleinkindern. Z. Kinderheilk. 99, 48 (1967).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  856. Sjaastad, O.: Urinary excretion of histamine in patients with various muscular disorders. Acta med. scand. 179, 269 (1966).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  857. Sjövall, K., and A. Voigt: Creatine-phospho-transferase isoenzymes. Nature (Lond.) 202, 701 (1964).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  858. Skyring, A., and V. A. McKusick: Clinical, genetic and electrocardiographic studies in childhood muscular dystrophy. Amer. J. med. Sci. 242, 534 (1961).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  859. Smith, D. M., R. M. Paul, E. G. McGeer, and P. L. McGeer: A general chromatographic survey of aromatic compounds obtained from urine. Canad. J. Biochem. 37, 1493 (1959).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  860. Smith, E. L., G. E. Cartwright, F. H. Tyler, and M. M. Wintrobe: On the origin of certain serum peptidases as indicated by experimental hemolytic anemia in dogs. J. biol. Chem. 185, 59 (1950).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  861. Smith, H. L., R. L. Ftscher, and J. N. Etteldorf: Magnesium and calcium in human muscular dystrophy. Amer. J. Dis. Child. 103, 771 (1962).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  862. Smith, H. L., L. D. Amick, and W. W. Johnson: Detection of subclinical and carrier states in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. J. Pediat. 69, 67 (1966).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  863. Smith, J. C., V. M. Foldes, and F. F. Foldes: Distribution of cholinesterase in normal human muscle. Canad. J. Biochem. 41, 1713 (1963).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  864. Smith, L. C., and S. R. Nelson: Effect of vitamin E-deficiency on free amino acids of various rabbit tissues. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.) 94, 644 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  865. Smith, R. D., and R. P. Giovacchini: The vascularity of some red and white muscles of the rabbit. Acta anat. (Basel) 28, 342 (1956).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  866. Smoller, M., and R. A. Fineberg: Studies of myosin in hereditary muscular dystrophy in mice. J. clin. Invest. 44, 615 (1965).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  867. Soffer, L. J., A. Sito, L. L. Shane, and J. L. Gabrilove: The urinary excretion of the neutral 17-ketosteroids in myotonic dystrophy. J. Mt Sinai Hosp. 30, 285 (1963).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  868. Soltan, A. C., and M. Blanchaer: Activity of aldolase and lactic dehydrogenase in patients affected with Duchenne muscular dystrophy, and in their immediate relatives. J. Pediat. 54, 27 (1959).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  869. Spencer, H. C., S. Morgulis, and V. M. Wilder: A micromethod for the determination of gelatin and a study of the collagen content of muscles from normal and dystrophic rabbits. J. biol. Chem. 120, 257 (1937).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  870. Sreter, F. A., and J. Gergely: Comparative studies of the Mg activated ATPase activity and Ca uptake of fractions of white and red muscle homogenates. Biochem. biophys. Res. Commun. 16, 438 (1964).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  871. Sreter, F. A. Comparative studies on white and red muscle fractions. Fed. Proc. 23, 930 (1964).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  872. Srivastava, U., A. Devi, and N. Sarkar: Biochemical changes in progressive muscular dystrophy. I. Xucleic acid metabolism in normal and dystrophic rabbit and mouse liver, brain and muscle. Exp. Cell Res. 29, 289 (1963).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  873. Srivastava, U. and L. Berlinguet: Aldolase activity in normal and dystrophic mouse muscle. Canad. J. Biochem. 42, 1301 (1964).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  874. Srivastava, U. and L. Berlinguet Biochemical changes in progressive muscular dystrophy. V. Incorporation of leucine-C 14 into protein of various tissues of normal and dystrophic mice. Arch. Biochem. 114, 320 (1966).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  875. Srivastava, U. and L. Berlinguet Cholinesterase and monoamine oxidase activities in skeletal muscle of normal and hereditary dystrophic mice. Canad. J. Biochem. 45, 573 (1967).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  876. Srivastava, U. Biochemical changes in progressive muscular dystrophy. Canad. J. Biochem. 45, 1419 (1967).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  877. Sugita, H., and F. H. Tyler: Pathogenesis of muscular dystrophy. Trans. Ass. Amer. Phycns 76, 231 (1963).

    Google Scholar 

  878. Sundermeyer, J. F., S. Gudbjarnason, V. E. Wendt, P. B. Den Barker, and R. J. Bing: Myocardial metabolism in progressive muscular dystrophy. Circulation 24, 1348 (1961).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  879. Susheela, A. K.: Structural and enzymatic changes in muscle due to aging. Nature (Lond.) 204, 296 (1964).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  880. Svilokos, N., L. Serafini e G. Verdura: La glicociaminuria in bambini normali e miodistrofici. Minerva pediat. 10, 549 (1958).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  881. Swaiman, K. F., and B. Sandler: The use of serum creatine phosphokinase and other serum enzymes in the diagnosis of progressive muscular dystrophy. J. Pediat. 63, 1116 (1963).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  882. Swaiman, K. F. and E. A. Awad: Creatine phosphokinase and other serum enzyme activity after controlled exercise. Neurology (Minneap.) 14, 977 (1964).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  883. Swaiman, K. F. Chemical laboratory studies in muscular disease. Postgrad. Med. 41, 144 (1967).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  884. Schaffer, P. A.: The excretion of creatinin and creatin in health and disease. Amer. J. Physiol. 23, 1 (1908).

    Google Scholar 

  885. Schapira, G., et J. C. Dreyfus: Recherches sur la biochimie du fer musculaire. VI. Nature des «fers non héminiques » musculaires. Bull. Soc. Chim. biol. (Paris) 133, 265 (1951).

    Google Scholar 

  886. Schapira, G., et J. C. Dreyfus et F. Schapira: L’élévation du taux de l’aldolase sérique, test biochimique des myopathies. Sem. Hôp. Paris 29, 1917 (1953).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  887. Schapira, G., M. Joly et J. C. Dreyfus: Longueur des particules de myosine humaine de muscle normal et myopathique déterminée par biréfringence d’écoulement. C. R. Soc. Biol. (Paris) 148, 1056 (1954).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  888. Schapira, G., J. C.Dreyfus, F.Schapira, and J.Kruh: Glycogenic enzymes in human progressive muscular dystrophy. Proc. 3rd Med. Conf. Musc. Dystr. Ass. America, New York 1954, p. 313.

    Google Scholar 

  889. Schapira, G. Glycogenolytic enzymes in human progressive muscular dystrophy. Amer. J. phys. Med. 34, 313 (1955).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  890. Schapira, G. Données biochimiques récentes sur les maladies primitives du muscle. Expos. ann. Biochim. méd. 17, 251 (1955).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  891. Schapira, G. Lacticodéhydrase plasmatique au cours des myopathies. C. R. Soc. Biol. (Paris) 151, 22 (1957).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  892. Schapira, F., J. Demos, G. Schapira et J. C. Dreyfus: Facteurs de l’hyperaldolasémie au cours des myopathies. Rev. franç. Étud. clin. biol. 2, 728 (1957).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  893. Schapira, F., G. Schapira et J. C. Dreyfus: Hyperaldolasémie chez la souris myopathique. C. R. Acad. Sci. (Paris) 245, 754 (1957).

    Google Scholar 

  894. Schapira, F., J. C. Dreyfus et G. Schapira: Présence de deux aldolases de type différent dans le sérum. C. R. Acad. Sci. (Paris) 245, 808 (1957).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  895. Schapira, F. et J. Demos: Étude de l’aldolase et de la créatine-kinase du sérum chez les mères de myopathes. Rev. franç. Étud. clin. biol. 5, 990 (1960).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  896. Schapira, G., et F. Schapira: Les aldolases du sérum. Ann. Biol. clin. 18, 1 (1960).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  897. Schapira, G. J. Frézal, J. Demos et J. C. Dreyfus: Circulation time in the relatives and siblings of myopathic patients. Statistical and genetic study. Rev. franç. Étud. clin. biol. 7, 485 (1962).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  898. Schapira, F., J. Demos et Y. Forthoffer: La lacticodèshydrogénase sérique des mères de myopathes. Enzym. biol. clin. 2, 45 (1962).

    Google Scholar 

  899. Schapira, G., and J. C. Dreyfus: Biochemistry of progressive muscular dystrophy. In: Muscular Dystrophy in Man and Animals. Edit. by G. H. Bourne and M. N. Golarz. New York: Hafner 1963, p. 47.

    Google Scholar 

  900. Schapira, F., J. C. Dreyfus et C. Lauer: La crèatine-kinase du sérum chez la souris myopathique. Enzym. biol. clin. 3, 53 (1963).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  901. Schapira, F. Modification des isozymes de la lacticodèshydrogénase musculaire au cours de l’atrophie expérimentale. Enzym. biol. clin. 4, 23 (1964).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  902. Schapira, G., et J. C. Dreyfus: Enzymes au cours des maladies du muscle strié. Ann. Biol. clin. 22, 655 (1964).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  903. Schapira, F., et R. Debré: Modification des isozymes de la créatine-kinase musculaire au cours de l’atrophie. C. R. Acad. Sci. (Paris) 262, 2291 (1966).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  904. Schapira, G., F. Schapira et J. C. Dreyfus: Biochimie du muscle strié au cours des maladies musculaires humaines. Z. klin. Chem. 5, 241 (1967).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  905. Schettini, E.: Ann. ital. Pediat. 16, 317 (1963).

    Google Scholar 

  906. Schittenhelm, A., u. F. Bühler: Die Beeinflußbarkeit der Spontankreatinurie bei innersekretorischen Störungen, ihr Vorkommen und ihr diagnostischer Wert. Z. ges. exp. Med. 95, 197 (1935).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  907. Schlang, H. A.: The effect of physical exercise on serum transaminase. Amer. J. med. Sci. 242, 338 (1961).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  908. Schliephake, E.: Der kardio-intestinale Symptomenkomplex bei der progressiven Muskeldystrophie. II. Graphische Untersuchungen. Z. Kinderheilk. 47, 85 (1929).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  909. Schmalbruch, H.: Fasertypen der menschlichen Muskulatur. Klin. Wschr. 45, 755 (1967).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  910. Schmidt, C. G., u. H. Schlief: Untersuchungen über das Cytochrom-und Succin-oxydasesystem des Skeletmuskels bei neurogener Atrophie. Z. ges. exp. Med. 127, 53 (1956).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  911. Schmidt, E., F. W. Schmidt, H. D. Horn u. U. Gerlach: Die Bedeutung der Messung von Enzym-Aktivitäten in der Medizin. In: Methoden der enzymatischen Analyse. Hrsg. von H. U. Bergmeyer. Weinheim: Verlag Chemie 1962.

    Google Scholar 

  912. Schmidt, E., F. W. Schmidt, H. D. Horn u. U. Gerlach Release of enzymes from the liver. Nature (Lond.) 213, 1125 (1967).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  913. Schneck, L., J. Maisel, and B. W. Volk: The startle response and serum enzyme profile in early detection of Tay-Sachs’ disease. J. Pediat. 65, 749 (1964).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  914. Schneider, K. W., u. E. R. Heise: Die diagnostische Bedeutung einer erhöhten Kreatin-Phosphokinase-Aktivität im Serum. Dtsch. med. Wschr. 88, 520 (1963).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  915. Schneiderman, L. J.: Myoglobin in the human fetus. Nature (Lond.) 194, 191 (1962).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  916. Schneiderman, L. J. and W. I. Sampson: Blood anomaly points to muscular dystrophy. J. Amer. med. Ass. 197, 43 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  917. Schönenberg, H.: Papierchromatographische Untersuchungen bei der Dystrophia musculorum progressiva sowie anderen Myopathien. Klin. Wschr. 33, 513 (1955).

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  918. Schott, J., M. Jacobi, and M. A. Wald: Electrocardiographic patterns in the differential diagnosis of progressive muscular dystrophy. Amer. J. med. Sci. 229, 517 (1955).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  919. Schreiber, G., u. R. Lesch: Zum Verhalten von GOT, GPT, LDH und SDH im Serum unter der Verabreichung von Prednisolon. Med. Klin. 60, 1123 (1965).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  920. Schreyer, K.: Die Hyperaminoazidurien beim Kinde. Pädiat. Grenzgeb. 2, 110 (1963).

    Google Scholar 

  921. Stare, F. J., E. S. Gordon, and M. J. Musser: Effect of succinic acid on the respiration of normal human muscle and various myopathies. Nature (Lond.) 141, 831 (1938).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  922. Stave, U.: Transaminasen und glykolytische Fermente im Serum von Neugeborenen, Säuglingen und Kindern. Z. Kinderheilk. 81, 472 (1958).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  923. Stein, J. M., and H. A. Padykula: Histochemical classification of individual skeletal muscle fibers of the rat. Amer. Anat. J. 110, 103 (1962).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  924. Stephens, J., and E. Lewin: Serum enzyme variations and histological abnormalities in the carrier state in Duchenne dystrophy. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiat. 28, 104 (1965).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  925. Stern, P.: Neue Ansichten über Dystrophia musculorum progressiva (Erb). Wien. Z. Nervenheilk. 13, 16 (1956).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  926. Stockdale, F. E., and H. Holtzer: DNA synthesis and myogenesis. Exp. Cell Res. 24, 508 (1961).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  927. Storstein, O., and K. Austarheim: Progressive muscular dystrophy of the heart. Acta med. scand. 150, 431 (1955).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  928. Storstein, O. and F. O. Kinge: Heart involvement in progressive muscular dystrophy. Acta psychiat, scand. 36. 489 (1961).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  929. Storstein, O. The heart in progressive muscular dystrophy. Exp. Med. Surg. 22, 13 (1964).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  930. Stroinska-Kusiowa, B.: Radiograms of osseous changes in dystrophia musculorum progressiva. Proc. 8th Int. Congr. Neurology, Vienna 1965, Tom. II, p. 265.

    Google Scholar 

  931. Sttjbbs, S. S. G., and M. C. Blanchaer: Glycogen phosphorylase and glycogen synthetase activity in red and white skeletal muscle of the Guinea pig. Canad. J. Biochem. 43, 463 (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  932. Tada, K., Y. Watanabe, and H. Chikaoka: Demonstration of defect of creatine-phosphokinase in muscle of progressive muscular dystrophy. Tohoku J. exp. Med. 75, 296 (1961).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  933. Takasu, T., and B. P. Hughes: Lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes in developing human muscle. Nature (Lond.) 212, 609 (1966).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  934. Tallan, H. H.: Free amino acids of muscle of normal and of vitamin E-deficient rabbits. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.) 89, 553 (1955).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  935. Tammisto, T., and M. Airaksinen: Increase of creatine kinase activity in serum as sign of muscular injury caused by intermittently administered suxamethonium during halothane anaesthesia. Brit. J. Anaesth. 38, 510 (1966).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  936. Tappel, A. L., and H. Zalkin: Inhibition of lipide peroxidation in mitochondria by vitamin E. Arch. Biochem. 80, 333 (1959).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  937. Tappel, A. L., and H. Zalkin, K. A. Caldwell, I. D. Desai, and S. Shibko: Increased lysosomal enzymes in genetic muscular dystrophy. Arch. Biochem. 96, 340 (1962).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  938. Tassoni, J. P., and P. J. Harman: Succinic dehydrogenase and adenosinemonophosphatase activity in dystrophic mouse muscle. Anat. Rec. 136, 289 (1960).

    Google Scholar 

  939. Tassoni, J. P., and P. J. Harman Alterations in succinic dehydrogenase activity at different stages of muscular dystrophy in the mouse. J. Neuropath. exp. Neurol. 20, 158 (1961).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  940. Tassoni, J. P., and P. J. Harman, L. Mantel, and P. J. Harman: Enzymes alterations in muscle cells from mice with hereditary dystrophy. Exp. Cell Res. 35, 219 (1964).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  941. Taussky, H. H., A. Washington, E. Zubillaga, and A. T. Milhorat: Citric acid in tissues of normal and dystrophic animals. Nature (Lond.) 196, 1100 (1962).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  942. Taussky, H. H. Fed. Proc. 22, 318 (1963).

    Google Scholar 

  943. Telford, I. R., G. A. Emerson, and H. M. Evans: Claim for thyroid subnormality in vitamin E low rats. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.) 38, 623 (1938).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  944. Thompson, M. W., E. G. Murphy, and P. J. McAlpine: An assessment of the creatine kinase test in the detection of carriers of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. J. Pediat. 71, 82 (1967).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  945. Thompson, R. A., and P. J. Vignos: Serum aldolase in muscle disease. Arch. intern. Med. 103, 551 (1959).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  946. Thomson, W. H., P. Leyburn, and J. N. Walton: Serum enzyme activity in musculatur dystrophy. Brit. med. J. 1960, 103 1276.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  947. Thomson, W. H. S.: Sources of error in the biochemical diagnosis of muscular dystrophy. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiat. 25, 191 (1962).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  948. Tierney, N. A., and J. P. Peters: The mode of excretion of creatine and creatinine in thyroid disease. J. clin. Invest. 22, 595 (1943).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  949. Timme, W.: Progressive muscular dystrophy as an endocrine disease. Arch. intern. Med. 19, 79 (1917).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  950. Tower, D. B., M. A. Pogorelskin, and E. P. Peters: The nature and significance of pentosuria in neuromuscular disease. 7th Ann. Meet. Amer. Acad. Neurol., Dallas 1955.

    Google Scholar 

  951. Taussky, H. H., E. L. Peters, and M. A. Pogorelskin: Nature and significance of pentosuria in neuromuscular disease. Neurology (Minneap.) 6, 37 (1956).

    Google Scholar 

  952. Tsukiyama, K., and K. Ueda: Interrelation between electromyographic and enzymologic findings in skeletal muscles. Electromyography 6, 77 (1966).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  953. Tsvetanova, E., and M. Ognianov: A case of absence of LDH4 in the muscle homogenate from a patient with progressive muscular dystrophy. Clin. chim. Acta 18, 87 (1967).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  954. Tureen, L. L., P. M. Farrell, and R. R. Cova: Comparison of plasma protein changes in antioxidant deficiency muscular dystrophy and genetic muscular dystrophy in the chicken. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.) 119, 28 (1965).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  955. Tyler, F. H., and G. T. Perkoff: Studies in disorders of muscle. VI. Is progressive muscular dystrophy an endocrine or metabolic disorder? Arch. intern. Med. 88, 175 (1951).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  956. Tyler, F. H. and F. E. Stephens: Studies in disorders of muscle. IV. The clinical manifestations and inheritance of childhood progressive muscular dystrophy. Ann. intern. Med. 35, 169, 1164 (1951).

    Google Scholar 

  957. Uzman, L. L., and H. Rosen: Partition of neuraminic acid among human serum proteins. Science 120, 1031 (1954).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  958. Vallbona, C., G. C. Bagby, W. S. Woodfin, J. Gilliam, and R. E. Carter: Analysis of the QRS vector loop in muscular dystrophy. Cardiovasc. Res. Cent. Bull. 5 I, 5 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  959. Van Bekkum, D. W., and A. Querido: Inorganic phosphate response to intravenous glucose administration in progressive muscular dystrophy. J. clin. Invest. 32, 1061 (1953).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  960. Vannotti, A., and A. Delachaux: Iron Metabolism and its Clinical Significance. London: J. A. Churchill 1949.

    Google Scholar 

  961. Vannotti, A., J. C. Scholder et M. Jequier: Effets thérapeutiques du cytochrome c dans les myopathies. Schweiz. med. Wschr. 85, 10 (1955).

    Google Scholar 

  962. Vassella, F., R. Richterich, and E. Rossi: The diagnostic value of serum creatine kinase in neuromuscular and muscular disease. Pediatrics 35, 322 (1965).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  963. Veen, J. K. Van Der, and A. F. Willebrands: Isoenzymes of creatine phosphokinase in tissue extracts and in normal and pathological sera. Clin. chim. Acta 13, 312 (1966).

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  964. Velez-Garcia, E., P. Hardy, M. Dioso, and G. T. Perkoff: Cysteine-stimulated serum creatine phosphokinase. Unexpected results. J. Lab. clin. Med. 68, 636 (1966).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  965. Vesell, E. S., and A. G. Bearn: Isozymes of lactic dehydrogenase in human tissues. J. clin. Invest, 40, 586 (1961).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  966. Vetter, K., H. Griesche u. K. Moch: Serumfermente und ihr Verhalten unter physiologischen Bedingungen. Z. ges. inn. Med. 16, 359 (1961).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  967. Victor, J.: Metabolic and irritability changes in nutritional myopathy of rabbits and ducks. Amer. J. Physiol. 108, 229 (1934).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  968. Vignos, P. J., Jr., and M. Lefkowitz: A biochemical study of certain skeletal muscle constituents in human progressive muscular dystrophy. J. clin. Invest. 38, 873 (1959).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  969. Vignos, P. J. and J. L. Warner: Glycogen, creatine, and high energy phosphate in human muscle disease. J. Lab. clin. Med. 62, 579 (1963).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  970. Vitetta, M.: Atti Soc. pelorit Sci. fisiche maternat, nat. 7, 373 (1961).

    Google Scholar 

  971. Walton, J. N., and A. L. Latner: Ribosuria in muscular dystrophy. Arch Neurol. (Chic.) 72, 362 (1954).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  972. Walton, J. N. and F. J. Nattrass: On the classification, natural history, and treatment of the myopathies. Brain 77, 169 (1954).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  973. Walton, J. N. The significance of selenium and vitamin E in nutrition. Muscular dystrophy in man. Clinical aspects. Proc. Nutr. Soc. 21, 202 (1962).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  974. Walton, J. N., G. W. Pearce, R. J. Pennington, and D. D. Barwick: Muscular dystrophy. Current research in Newcastle upon Tyne. Rev. canad. Biol. 21, 523 (1962).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  975. Walton, J. N. Muscular dystrophy: Some recent advances in knowledge. Brit. med. J. 1964, 1271, 1344.

    Google Scholar 

  976. Walton, J. N. Some diseases of muscle. Lancet 1964 I, 447.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  977. Walton, J. N. and R. J. T. Pennington: Studies on human muscular dystrophy with particular reference to methods of carrier detection. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 138, 315 (1966).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  978. Walton, J. N. Dystrophia muscularis progressiva. In: Progressive Muskeldystrophie, Myotonie, Myasthenie. Hrsg. von E. Kuhn. Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer 1966, S. 57.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  979. Warburg, O., u. W. Christian: Gärungsfermente im Blutserum von Tumor-Ratten. Biochem. Z. 314. 399 (1943).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  980. Warlamidis, J., u. O. Ludwig: Herzmuskelbeteiligung bei der Erbschen Krankheit. Wien. Z. inn. Med. 47, 160 (1966).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  981. Watanabe, Y.: Tohoku med. J. 65, 255 (1962).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  982. Watts, D. C.: In: Research in Muscular Dystrophy. London: Pitman 1966.

    Google Scholar 

  983. Watts, D. C. and J. D. Reid: Comparison of protein synthesis in normal and dystrophic mouse muscle. In: Research in Muscular Dystrophy. London: Pitman 1968, p. 336.

    Google Scholar 

  984. Watzka, M.: „Weiße“ und „rote“ Muskeln. Z. mikr.-anat. Forsch. 45, 137 (1933).

    Google Scholar 

  985. Wechsler, I. S., G. G. Mayer, and H. Sobotka: The tocopherol level in human serum during oral tocopherol therapy. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.) 53, 170 (1943).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  986. Wechsler, W., u. W. Pabelick: Erbliche Muskeldystrophien beim Tier. In: Progressive Muskeldystrophie, Myotonie, Myasthenie. Hrsg. von E. Kuhn. Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer 1966, S. 165.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  987. Weingarten, K.: Primäre Myopathien. Wien. klin. Wschr. 79, 630 (1967).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  988. Weinstock, I. M„ A. D. Goldrich, and A. T. Milhorat: Enzyme studies in muscular dystrophy. I. Muscle proteolytic activity and vitamin E-deficiency. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.) 88, 257 (1955).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  989. Weinstock, I. Alterations in oxidative metabolism in experimental muscular dystrophy. Amer. J. phys. Med. 34, 320 (1955).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  990. Weinstock, I., A. D. Goldrich, and A. T. Milhorat: Enzyme studies in muscular dystrophy. II. Muscle dipeptidase activity and vitamin E-deficiency. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.) 91, 302 (1956).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  991. Weinstock, I., S. Epstein, and A. T. Milhorat: Enzyme studies in muscular dystrophy. III. Hereditary muscular dystrophy in mice. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.) 99, 272 (1958).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  992. Weinstock, I. and M. Lukacs: Enzyme studies in muscular dystrophy. V. Vitamin E-deficiency and denervation atrophy. Enzym. biol. clin. 5, 89 (1965).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  993. Weinstock, I. Enzyme studies in muscular dystrophy. VI. Cathepsin and acid deoxyribonuclease activities during the progression of hereditary muscular dystrophy in the chicken. Enzym. biol. clin. 5, 103 (1965).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  994. Weinstock, I. Comparative biochemistry of myopathies. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 138, 199 (1966).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  995. Weisenfeld, S., and W. J. Messinger: Cardiac involvement in progressive muscular dystrophy. Amer. Heart J. 43, 170 (1952).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  996. Weissmann, C.: Die Bedeutung der Transaminasen für die interne Diagnostik. Schweiz. med. Wschr. 89, 777, 811 (1959).

    Google Scholar 

  997. Welsh, J. D., T. N. Lynn, and G. R. Haase: Cardiac findings in 73 patients with muscular dystrophy. Arch. intern. Med. 112, 199 (1963).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  998. West, W. T., and E. D. Murphy: Histopathology of hereditary, progressive muscular dystrophy in inbred strain 129 mice. Anat. Rec. 137, 279 (1960).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  999. West, W. T., Meier, H., and W. G. Hoag: Hereditary mouse muscular dystrophy with particular emphasis on pathogenesis and attempts at therapy. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 138, 4 (1966).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  1000. Whedon, D. G., E. Shott, V. Toscani, and E. Stevens: Metabolic studies in paralytic acute anterior poliomyelitis. I. Alterations in nitrogen and creatine metabolism. J. clin. Invest. 36, 942 (1957).

    Google Scholar 

  1001. White, A. A., and W. C. Hess: Some alterations in serum enzymes in progressive muscular dystrophy. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.) 94, 541 (1957).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  1002. White, A., P. Handler, D. Smith, and D. W. Stetten: Principles of biochemistry. New York: McGraw-Hill 1959.

    Google Scholar 

  1003. White, L. P.: Some enigmas in the comparison of multiple serum enzyme levels. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 75, 349 (1958).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  1004. White, L. P. Serum enzymes. Variations of activity in disease of muscle. Calif. med. J. 90, 1 (1959).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  1005. Whorton, C. M., P. C. Hudgins, and J. J. Conners: Abnormal spectrophotometric absorption spectrums of myoglobin in two forms of progressive muscular dystrophy. New Engl. J. Med. 165, 1242 (1961).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  1006. Whorton, C. M., P. C. Hudgins, and J. J. Conners and A. S. Nadas: The myoglobin molecule and its possible structural alterations in diseased states of skeletal and cardiac muscle. J. S. C. med. Ass. (Bgham, Ala.) 56, 583 (1963).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  1007. Wieme, R. J., and Y. Van Maercke: The fifth (electrophoretically slowest) serum lactic dehydrogenase as an index of liver injury. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 94, 898 (1961).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  1008. Wieme, R. J. and J. E. Herpol: Origin of the lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme pattern found in the serum of patients having primary muscular dystrophy. Nature (Lond.) 194, 287 (1962).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  1009. Wieme, R. J. and M. J. Lauryssens: Lactate dehydrogenase multiplicity in normal and diseased human muscle. Lancet 1962 I, 276.

    Google Scholar 

  1010. Wiesmann, U., H. Moser, R. Richterich u. E. Rossi: Progressive Muskeldystrophie. VII. Die Erfassung von Heterozygoten der Duchenne-Muskeldystrophie durch Messung der Serum-Kreatin-Kinase unter lokalisierter Arbeitsbelastung in Anoxie. Klin. Wschr. 43, 1015 (1965).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  1011. Wijhe, M. Van, M. C. Blanchaer, and W. R. Jacyk: The oxidation of lactate and α-glycerophosphate by red and white skeletal muscle. J. Histochem. Cytochem. 11, 505 (1963).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  1012. Wijhe, M. Van and S. St. George-Stubbs: The distribution of lactate dehydrogenase isozyme in human skeletal muscle fibers. J. Histochem. Cytochem. 12, 608 (1964).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  1013. Wilkins, L., and W. Fleischmann: Effects of thyroid on creatine metabolism with a discussion of the mechanism of storage and excretion of creatine bodies. J. clin. Invest. 25, 360 (1946).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  1014. Wilkinson, J. H., and W. A. Withycombe: The substrate specificities of the lactate-dehydrogenase isoenzymes of dystrophic muscle. Biochem. J. 93, 11 p (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  1015. Williams, J. D., B. M. Ansell, L. Reiffel, C. A. Stone, and R. M. Kark: Electrolyte levels in normal and dystrophic muscle determined by neutron activation. Lancet 1957, 464 25.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  1016. Willis, E. D.: Mechanisms of lipid peroxide formation in animal tissues. Biochem. J. 99, 667 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  1017. Wilson, B. W., D. W. Peterson, and A. L. Lilyblade: Free amino acids of developing skeletal musculature of normal and genetically dystrophic chickens. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N. Y.) 119, 104 (1965).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  1018. Wilson, K. M., K. A. Evans, and C. O. Carter: Creatine kinase levels in women who carry genes for three types of muscular dystrophy. Brit. med. J. 1965, 750 25.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  1019. Wörner, W., u. E. Kuhn: Untersuchungen der Adenosinphosphate im Blut bei myotonischer Dystrophie. Schweiz. med. Wschr. 87, 400 (1959).

    Google Scholar 

  1020. Wörner, W. Bedeutung und Grenzen der Bestimmung der Laktatdehydrogenase-Isozyme bei inneren Erkrankungen. Med. Klin. 59, 434 (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  1021. Wohlfahrt, G.: Über das Vorkommen verschiedener Arten von Muskelfasern in der Skelettmuskulatur des Menschen und einiger Säugetiere. Acta psychiat. (Kbh.), Suppl. 12, 1 (1937).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  1022. Wolf, H. P., G. Forster u. F. Leuthardt: Ein spezifischer optischer Fermenttest zum Nachweis von Parenchymschädigungen der Leber. Helv. physiol. pharmacol. Acta 15, C44 (1957).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  1023. Wolfson, R., V. Yakulis, R. D. Coleman, and P. Heller: Studies on fetal myoglobin. J. Lab. clin. Med. 69, 728 (1967).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  1024. Wroblewski, F., C. Ross, and K. Gregory: Isoenzymes and myocardial infarction. New Engl. J. Med. 263, 531 (1960).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  1025. Wrogmann, K., and M. C. Blanchaer: Oxidative phosphorylation by muscle mitochondria of dystrophic mice. Canad. J. Biochem. 45, 1271 (1967).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  1026. Young, H. L., W. Young, and I. S. Edelman: Electrolyte and lipid composition of skeletal and cardiac muscle in mice with hereditary muscular dystrophy. Amer. J. Physiol. 197, 487 (1959).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  1027. Young, J. M., and J. S. Dinning: A relationship of vitamin E to nucleic acid metabolism. J. biol. Chem. 193, 743 (1951).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  1028. Yudajew, N. A.: Untersuchungen über den Einfluß der Denervation von Muskeln auf deren Gehalt an Carnosin und Anserin bei Anwendung der Verteilungschromatographie. (Russ.) Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR (Otd. Biokh.) 67, 1069 (1949).

    Google Scholar 

  1029. Zalkin, H., and A. L. Tappel: Studies of the mechanism of vitamin E action. IV. Lipide peroxidation in the vitamin E-deficient rabbit. Arch. Biochem. 88, 113 (1960).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  1030. Zalkin, H., K. A. Caldwell, S. Shibko, I. D. Desai, and T. A. Holliday: Increased lysosomal enzymes in muscular dystrophy of vitamin E-deficient rabbits. J. biol. Chem. 237, 2678 (1962).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  1031. Zatti, M., F. Rossi, and A. Tartarini: Increased G-6-P dehydrogenase activity in pathological regressive processes of skeletal muscle. Ital. J. Biochem. 11, 418 (1962).

    Google Scholar 

  1032. Zatuchni, J., E. E. Aegerter, L. Molthan, and C. R. Shuman: The heart in progressive muscular dystrophy. Circulation 3, 846 (1951).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  1033. Zierler, K. L.: Factors which influence movement of aldolase from excised rat diaphragm. Amer. J. Physiol. 183, 675 (1955).

    Google Scholar 

  1034. Zierler, K. L. Movement of aldolase from excised rat diaphragm. Amer. J. Physiol. 185, 1 (1956).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  1035. Zierler, K. L. Diffusion of aldolase from rat skeletal muscle. Amer. J. Physiol. 190, 201 (1957).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  1036. Zierler, K. L. Muscle membrane as a dynamic structure and its permeability to aldolase. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 75, 227 (1958).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  1037. Zierler, K. L. Aldolase leak from muscle of mice with hereditary muscular dystrophy. Bull. Johns Hopk. Hosp. 102, 17 (1958).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  1038. Zierler, K. L. Potassium flux and further observations on aldolase flux in dystrophic mouse muscle. Bull. Johns Hopk. Hosp. 108, 208 (1961).

    Google Scholar 

  1039. Zundel, W. S., and F. H. Tyler: The muscular dystrophy. New Engl. J. Med. 273, 537, 596 (1965).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  1040. Zuppinger, K., R. Richterich u. E. Rossi: Die diagnostische Bedeutung der Heterogenität der Serum-Lactat-Dehydrogenasen. Schweiz. med. Wschr. 92, 198 (1962).

    Google Scholar 

  1041. Zymaris, M. C., N. Epstein, A. Saifer, S. M. Aronson, and B. W. Volk: Distribution of acid-soluble nucleotides in hind leg muscles of mice with dystrophia muscularis. Amer. J. Physiol. 196, 1093 (1959).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  1042. Zymaris, M. C., A. Saifer, and B. W. Volk: Turnover rates of acid-soluble nucleotides in hind leg muscles of dystrophic mice. Amer. J. Physiol. 203, 475 (1962).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1969 Springer-Verlag, Berlin · Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Heyck, H., Laudahn, G. (1969). Die Biochemie der progressiven Muskeldystrophie. In: Die progressiv-dystrophischen Myopathien. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-47429-3_3

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-47429-3_3

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-47431-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-47429-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics