Use of Fasciotomies of the Lower Extremities

Abstract

Compartment syndrome simply explained occurs when the pressure within a muscular compartment overcomes the pressure head of the arterial system supplying the vital structures of the compartment. This becomes important as the structures within the compartment begin to decompensate as they are starved of oxygenated blood. This process can occur in any muscular compartment bound by fascia and has been described in virtually every part of the body but is most often an issue of the lower extremity. Due to thoracic body armor and improvised explosive devices, the lower extremities are the most common sites of combat injuries. From role 2 to the return to the continental USA, the question of appropriate timing and technique of fasciotomy is a pertinent topic.