Abstract
ChapterĀ 8 covers the various properties of high-temperature superconductors. These superconductors show significant anisotropy due to the two-dimensional crystal structure composed of superconducting CuO2 layers and insulating block layers. This makes the states of flux lines extremely complicated. Various phase transitions of the flux line system to be pinned and the mechanisms responsible are reviewed. In particular, the transitions in which the pinning plays an important role, i.e., the order-disorder transition associated with the peak effect of critical current density and the glass-liquid transition associated with the irreversibility field, are discussed in detail. The influences on these transitions, not only of the flux pinning strength and the anisotropy of the superconductor, but also of the electric field and the specimen size are discussed. Y-123, Bi-2212, and Bi-2223, which have been developed for applications, are at the focus of the discussion, and their pinning properties and recent progress are introduced. In particular, the effect of nanorods introduced into Y-123 coated conductors as artificial pinning centers is reviewed.
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Notes
- 1.
For high-temperature superconductors the temperature dependence of J c0 is sometimes expresses as [1ā(T/T c)]mā² instead ofĀ (8.27). This seems to be more suitable for Bi-2212 superconductors in which the temperature dependence of thermodynamic critical field is linear (see Fig.Ā 8.60). These temperature dependencies are not different appreciably in the vicinity of the critical temperature, although they are remarkably different at low temperatures.
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Matsushita, T. (2014). High-Temperature Superconductors. In: Flux Pinning in Superconductors. Springer Series in Solid-State Sciences, vol 178. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-45312-0_8
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