Abstract
The Phillips spectrum is widely used in the real-time scene simulation of ocean waves. Structural analysis has shown the Phillips spectrum to be an instantaneous spatial spectrum. Its frequency spectrum agrees with the spectrum form raised by Neumann, and is close to the P-M spectrum. Its directional distribution function is in the form recommended by the International Towing Tank Conference. However, the Phillips spectrum has two problems in application. First, neither the value nor the calculation method of the spectral constant A is given. Second, the height above ocean surface of the spectral wind speed is not provided. The spectral constant A is calculated on the hypothesis that the wave energy per unit area of the Phillips spectrum equals that of the P-M spectrum, and the height is specified with reference to the P-M spectrum. Apart from the Phillips spectrum, other spectrum should be considered, so we use the JONSWAP-Poisson spectrum. The spectrum has the JONSWAP spectrum as its frequency spectrum, and its distribution function is the Poisson form. The two spectra are applied for ocean wave scene simulation. A comparison of the simulation results of the two spectra shows that wind speed and fetch length can affect the shape of the generated ocean wave. The simulated ocean waves of the Phillips spectrum can reflect the wind speed and direction influence on the wave, but they cannot reflect the fetch length effect. The simulated waves of the JONSWAP-Poisson spectrum can embody the effect of the wind speed, wind direction, and fetch length on the wave. The frame rates of the two spectra are equal. To sum up, for wave spectrum selection of wave scene simulation in the maritime simulator, the wind parameter of the spectrum should contain the wind speed, wind direction, and fetch length, and the wave generated by the spectrum should be in (-(,(] of the wind direction. Thus, the JONSWAP-Poisson spectrum is more suitable than the Phillips spectrum. The method has been used in the maritime simulator.
Keywords
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Mihalef, V., Metaxas, D., Sussman, M.: Animation and Control of Breaking Waves. In: 2004 ACM SIGGRAPH / Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation, pp. 315–324. ACM Press, New York (2004)
Pritchard, P.: Fluid Mechanics, SI Version, 8th edn. John Wiley & Sons (Asia) Ptc Ltd., Singapore (2011)
Muller, M., Solenthaler, B., Keiser, R., et al.: Particle-based Fluid-fluid Interaction. In: 2005 EUROGRAPHICS ACM SIGGRAPH Symposium on Computer Animation, pp. 237–244. ACM Press, New York (2005)
Yan, K., Wang, Z., Liao, B., et al.: Physically Based Realistic Modeling and Rendering of Ocean Waves. Computer-aid Design & Computer Graphics 20(9), 1117–1124 (2008)
Chen, X., He, J., Yan, K., et al.: An Integrated Algorithm of Real-time Fluid Simulation on GPU. Computer-aid Design & Computer Graphics 22(3), 396–405 (2010)
Ojeda, J., Susín, A.: Enhanced Lattice Boltzmann Shallow Waters for Real-time Fluid Simulations. In: 2013 ACM SIGGRAPH / EUROGRAPHICS Symposium on Computer Animation, pp. 25–28. ACM Press, New York (2013)
Fourier, A., Reeves, W.: A Simple Model of Ocean Waves. In: The 13th Annual Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques (SIGGRAPH 1986), pp. 75–84. ACM Press, New York (1986)
Yin, Y., Ren, H., Liu, X.: Research on Real Time Algorithm of Viewing Scene in Distributed Navigational Simulation System. In: 2008 Asia Simulation Conference - the 7th International Conference on System Simulation and Science Computing, pp. 65–69. IEEE Press, New York (2008)
Feng, K., Liu, T.: Research on Wave Real-time Simulation Based on 3D Gerstner Wave. Engineering Graphics 30(5), 53–57 (2009) (in Chinese)
Yuksel, C.: Wave Particles. In: The 34th International Conference and Exhibition on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques (SIGGRAPH 2007), pp. 1–8. ACM Press, New York (2007)
Tessendorf, J.: Simulating Ocean Water. In: The 26th International Conference and Exhibition on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques (SIGGRAPH 1999), Course Notes 26 (1999)
Ren, H., Jin, Y., Chen, L.: Real-time Rendering of Ocean in Marine Simulator. In: 2008 Asia Simulation Conference - The 7th International Conference on System Simulation and Scientific Computing, pp. 1133–1136. IEEE Press, New York (2008)
Miandji, E., Sargazi Moghadam, M., Samavati, F., et al.: Real-time Multi-band Synthesis of Ocean Water with New Iterative Up-sampling Technique. Visual Computer 25(5-7), 697–705 (2009)
Dupuy, J., Bruneton, E.: Real-time Animation and Rendering of Ocean Whitecaps. In: SIGGRAPH Asia 2012 Technical Briefs, Article No.: a15. ACM Press, New York (2012)
International Maritime Organization (IMO): The Manila Amendments to the International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers. Dalian Maritime University Press, Dalian (2010) (in Chinese)
Det Norske Veritas (DNV): Standard for Certification Maritime Simulator Systems No.2.14. DNV Publications, Oslo (2011)
COST 714 Working Group 3: Measuring and Analyzing the Directional Spectrum of Ocean Waves. EU Publications Office, Brussels (2005)
Liu, D., Leng, M.: Meteorology and Oceanography for Mariners. Dalian Maritime University Press, Dalian (2011)
Nouguier, F., Guérin, C., Chapron, B.: “Choppy Wave”. Model for Nonlinear Gravity Waves. Geophysical Research 114(C09012), 1–16 (2009)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Chen, Ln., Jin, Yc., Yin, Y., Ren, Hx. (2013). On the Wave Spectrum Selection in Ocean Wave Scene Simulation of the Maritime Simulator. In: Tan, G., Yeo, G.K., Turner, S.J., Teo, Y.M. (eds) AsiaSim 2013. AsiaSim 2013. Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol 402. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-45037-2_50
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-45037-2_50
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-45036-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-45037-2
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)