Valgus Extension Overload Syndrome

Abstract

The elbow is vulnerable to medial tension, lateral compression, and posterior shear as a result of the tremendous valgus extension stresses during the throwing motion in the throwing athletes. The laxity and injury in the ulnar collateral ligament may occur, and posterior or posteromedial olecranon osteophytes may form as a result of the valgus extension overload which is often symptomatic in the throwing athlete. The correct diagnosis and treatment depends on a thorough understanding of the underlying pathophysiology, an accurate history, and adequate physical examination and radiographic evaluation. Thanks to the advancements in arthroscopic surgical techniques, the results of the treatment of valgus extension overload injuries in throwing athletes are generally satisfactory. However, continued exposure to high valgus extension forces may result in symptom recurrence in the competitive throwing athletes. Efforts to not overexpose to valgus extension forces, appropriate warm up and stretching before competition, maintenance of appropriate conditioning, and the use of proper technique when throwing should be given to decrease the occurrence or recurrence of valgus extension overload syndrome.