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Laser Technology in Biomimetics pp 211–236Cite as

Laser-Based Biomimetic Tissue Engineering

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Part of the book series: Biological and Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering ((BIOMEDICAL))

Abstract

Tissue Engineering is defined as the technology aiming to apply the principles of engineering and life sciences towards the development of biological substitutes that restore, maintain, or improve tissue function or a whole organ. Its eventual goal is the creation of 3D artificial cell culture scaffolds that mimic the natural extracellular environment features sufficiently, so that cells function in the artificial medium as they would in vivo. Cells in tissue are surrounded by a dynamic cell type-dependent extracellular matrix that provides instructive cues at both the micro- and the nanoscale needed to maintain cell phenotype and behaviour. Cells are thus, inherently responsive to their environment, receptive to micro- and nanoscale features and patterns of chemistry and topography. Lasers are increasingly proving to be promising tools for the controlled and reproducible structuring of biomaterials at micro- and nanoscales. This chapter reviews current approaches for laser based fabrication of biomimetic tissue engineering scaffolds. These include laser processing of natural biomaterials synthesized to achieve certain compositions or properties similar to those of the extracellular matrix as well as novel laser fabrication technologies to achieve structural features on artificial materials mimicking the extracellular matrix morphology on various levels. The chapter concludes with the wealth of arising possibilities, demonstrating the excitement and significance of the laser based biomimetic materials processing for tissue engineering and regeneration.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, (IESL-FORTH), P.O. Box 1527, 711 10, Heraklion, Greece

    Emmanuel Stratakis, Anthi Ranella & Costas Fotakis

  2. Department of Materials Science & Technology, University of Crete, 71003, Heraklion, Greece

    Emmanuel Stratakis

  3. Department of Physics, University of Crete, 71003, Heraklion, Greece

    Costas Fotakis

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  1. Emmanuel Stratakis
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  2. Anthi Ranella
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Correspondence to Emmanuel Stratakis .

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  1. Institute for Surface Technologies and Photonics, Joanneum Research Forschungges. mbH, Weiz, Austria

    Volker Schmidt

  2. Institute for Surface Technologies and Photonics, Joanneum Research Forschungges. mbH, Weiz, Austria

    Maria Regina Belegratis

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Stratakis, E., Ranella, A., Fotakis, C. (2013). Laser-Based Biomimetic Tissue Engineering. In: Schmidt, V., Belegratis, M. (eds) Laser Technology in Biomimetics. Biological and Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41341-4_9

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