Abstract
The term hydrothermal was first used by the geologist Sir Roderick Murchison (1792–1871) to describe the action of water at elevated temperature and pressure leading to the formation of various rocks and minerals.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
Suchanek, W.L., Riman, R.E.: Hydrothermal synthesis of advanced ceramic powders. Adv. Sci. Technol. 45, 184–193 (2006)
Eckert, J.O., Hung-Houston, C.C., Gersten, B.L., Lencka, M.M., Riman, R.E.: Kinetics and mechanisms of hydrothermal synthesis of barium titanate. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 79, 2929–2939 (1996)
Morey, G.W., Niggli, P.: The hydrothermal formation of silicates, a review. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 35, 1086–1130 (1913)
Rabenau, A.: The role of hydrothermal synthesis in preparative chemistry. Angew. Chem. 24, 1026–1040 (1985)
Dell’Agli, G., Colantuono, A., Mascolo, G.: The effect of mineralizers on the crystallization of zirconia gel under hydrothermal conditions. Solid State Ionics 123, 87–94 (1999)
Wang, Y., Xu, G., Ren, Z., Wei, X., Weng, W., Du, P., Shen, G., Han, G.: Mineralizer-assisted hydrothermal synthesis and characterization of bifeo3 nanoparticles. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 90, 2615–2617 (2007)
Byrappa, K., Yoshimura, M.: Handbook of hydrothermal technology. William Andrew Inc, Norwich (2001)
Thurston, R.H.: A history of the growth of the steam-engine. D Appleton and Company, New York (1886)
Ortiz-Landeros, J., Gómez-Yáñez, C., López-Juárez, R., Dávalos-Velasco, I., Pfeiffer, H.: Synthesis of advanced ceramics by hydrothermal crystallization and modified related methods. J. Adv. Ceram. 1(3), 204–220 (2012)
Byrappa, K., Adschiri, T.: Progress in crystal growth and characterization of materials. Elsevier, Amsterdam (2007)
Riman, R.E., Suchanek, W.L., Lencka, M.M.: Hydrothermal crystallization of ceramics. Ann. Chim. Sci. Mat. 27: 15–36 (2002)
Yoshimura, M., Byrappa, K.: Hydrothermal processing of materials: past, present and future. J. Mater. Sci. 43, 2085–2103 (2008)
Schäf, O., Ghobarkar, H., Knauth, P.: Hydrothermal synthesis of nanomaterials. nanostructured materials. Electron. Mater. Sci. Technol. 8, 23–41 (2004)
Uchiyama, H., Shirai, Y., Kozuka, H.: Hydrothermal synthesis of flower-like SnO2 particles consisting of singlecrystalline nanorods through crystal growth in the presence of poly(acrylic acid). RSC Adv. 2, 4839–4843 (2012)
Zhu, G., Hojamberdiev, M., Liu, P., Peng, J., Zhou, J., Bian, X., Huang, X.: The effects of synthesis parameters on the formation of PbI2 particles under DTAB-assisted hydrothermal process. Mater. Chem. Phys. 131, 64–71 (2011)
Zhang, W.-M., Chen, M., Jiang, Y.-Q.: Morphology dependence on anions in hydrothermal synthesis of Co3O4. Int. Nano Lett. 3, 44 (2013)
Devers, E., Afanasiev, P., Jouguet, B., Vrinat, M.: Hydrothermal syntheses and catalytic properties of dispersed molybdenum sulfides. Catal. Lett. 82, 13–17 (2002)
Yin, C.Y., Minakshi, M., Ralph, D.E., Jiang, Z.T., Xie, Z., Guo, H.: Hydrothermal synthesis of cubic α-Fe2O3 microparticles using glycine: Surface characterization, reaction mechanism and electrochemical activity. J. Alloy. Compd. 509, 9821–9825 (2011)
Souvereyns, B., Elen, K., Dobbelaere, C., Kelchtermans, A., Peys, N., D’Haen, J., Mertens, M., Mullens, S., Van den Rul, H., Meynen, V., Cool, P., Hardy, A., Van Bael, M.K.: Hydrothermal synthesis of a concentrated and stable dispersion of TiO2 nanoparticles. Chem. Eng. J. 223, 135–144 (2013)
Noh, H.J., Seo, D.S., Kim, H., Lee, J.K.: Synthesis and crystallization of anisotropic shaped ZrO2 nanocrystalline powders by hydrothermal process. Mater. Lett. 57, 2425–2431 (2003)
Talebian, N., Jafarinezhad, F.: Morphology-controlled synthesis of SnO2 nanostructures using hydrothermal method and their photocatalytic applications. Ceram. Int. 39(7), 8311–8317 (2013)
Miao, B., Zeng, W., Lin, L., Xu, S.: Characterization and gas-sensing properties of NiO nanowires prepared through hydrothermal method. Physica E 52, 40–45 (2013)
Ekthammathat, N., Thongtem, T., Phuruangrat, A., Thongtem, S.: Characterization of ZnO flowers of hexagonal prisms with planar and hexagonal pyramid tips grown on Zn substrates by a hydrothermalprocess. Superlattices Microstruct. 53, 195–203 (2013)
Gelabert, M.C., Laudise, R.A., Riman, R.E.: Phase stability, solubility and hydrothermal crystal growth of PbTiO3. J. Cryst. Growth 197, 195–203 (1999)
Traianidis, M., Courtois, C., Leriche, A.: Mechanism of PZT crystallisation under hydrothermal conditions Development of a new synthesis route. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 20(16), 2713–2720 (2000)
Sun, W., Li, C., Li, J., Liu, W.: Microwave-hydrothermal synthesis of tetragonal BaTiO3 under various conditions. Mater. Chem. Phys. 97(2–3), 481–487 (2006)
Lei, F., Yan, B.: Hydrothermal synthesis and luminescence of CaMO4:RE3+ (M = W, Mo; RE = Eu, Tb) submicro-phosphors. J. Solid State Chem. 181(4), 855–862 (2008)
Habashi F (2003) Extractive metallurgy of aluminum. In: Totten, G.E., Mackenzie D.S., (eds.) Handbook of aluminum: alloy production and materials manufacturing, CRC Press
Deng, Y., Yang, Q., Lu, G., Hu, W.: Synthesis of γ-Al2O3 nanowires through a boehmite precursor route. Ceram. Int. 36, 1773–1777 (2010)
Sharma, P.K., Jilavi, M.H., Burgard, D., Nass, R., Schmidt, H.: Hydrothermal synthesis of nanosize alpha-Al2O3 from seeded aluminum hydroxide. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 81, 2732–2734 (1998)
Lu, C.L., Lv, J.G., Xu, L., Guo, X.F., Hou, W.H., Hu, Y., Huang, H.: Crystalline nanotubes of γ-AlOOH and γ-Al2O3: hydrothermal synthesis, formation mechanism and catalytic performance. Nanotechnology 20, 1–9 (2009)
Kim, T., Li, H., Lian, J., Jin, H., Ma, J., Duan, X., Yao, G., Zheng, W.: Ionic liquid-assisted hydrothermal synthesis of γ-Al2O3 hierarchical nanostructures. Cryst. Res. Technol. 45, 767–770 (2010)
Yang, Q.: The reaction conditions influence on hydrothermal synthesis of boehmite nanorods. Inorg. Mater. 46, 953–958 (2010)
Xu, J., Chen, Y., Li, Y., Shen, J.: Gas sensing properties of ZnO nanorods prepared by hydrothermal method. J. Mater. Sci. 40, 2919–2921 (2005)
Pearton, S.J., Lim, W.T., Wright, J.S., Tien, L.C., Kim, H.S., Norton, D.P., Wang, H.T., Kang, B.S., Ren, F., Jun, J., Lin, J., Osinsky, A.: ZnO and related materials for sensors and light-emitting diodes. J. Electron. Mater. 37, 1426–1432 (2008)
Rani, S., Suri, P., Shishodia, P.K., Mehra, R.M.: Synthesis of nanocrystalline ZnO powder via sol-gel route for dye-sensitized solar cells. Solar Energy Mater Solar Cells 92, 1639–1645 (2008)
Barreca, D., Bekermann, D., Comini, E., Devi, A., Fischer, R.A., Gasparotto, A., Maccato, C., Sberveglieri, G., Tondello, E.: 1D ZnO nano-assemblies by plasma-CVD as chemical sensors for flammable and toxic gases. Sens. Actuators, B 149, 1–7 (2010)
Cao, X., Ning, W., Li, L.D., Guo, L.: Synthesis and characterization of waxberry-like microstructures ZnO for biosensors. Sens. Actuators, B 129, 268–273 (2008)
Yamabi, S., Imai, H.: Growth conditions for wurtzite zinc oxide films in aqueous solutions. J. Mater. Chem. 12(12), 3773–3778 (2002)
Vayssieres, L.: Growth of arrayed nanorods and nanowires of ZnO fromaqueous solutions. Adv. Mater. 15(5), 464–466 (2003)
Golić, D.L., Branković, G., Nešić, M.P., Vojisavljević, K., Rečnik, A., Daneu, N., Bernik, S., Šćepanović, M., Poleti, D., Branković, Z.: Structural characterization of self-assembled ZnO nanoparticles obtained by the sol-gel method from Zn(CH3COO)2.2H2O. Nanotechnology 22, 1–9 (2011)
Baruah, S., Dutta, J.: Hydrothermal growth of ZnO Nanostructures. Sci. Technol. Adv. Mater 10, 1–18 (2009)
Nicholas, N.J., Franks, G.V., Ducker, W.A.: The mechanism for hydrothermal growth of zinc oxide. Cryst. Eng. Comm. 14, 1232–1240 (2012)
Choi, K.O., Yoon, S.H., Kim, W.S., Lee, K.H., Yang, C.M., Han, J.H., Kang, C.J., Choi, Y.J., Yoon, T.S.: Morphological dependence of hydrothermally synthesized ZnO nanowires on synthesis temperature and molar concentration. Phys. Status Solidi A 210(7), 1448–1453 (2013)
Aneesh, P.M., Jayaraj, M.K.: Red luminescence from hydrothermally synthesized Eu-doped ZnO nanoparticles under visible excitation. Bull. Mater. Sci. 33, 227–231 (2010)
Liu, B., Chun, H.: Hydrothermal synthesis of ZnO nanorods in the diameter regime of 50 nm. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 125, 4430–4431 (2003)
Huang, J., Xia, C., Cao, L., Zeng, X.: Facile microwave hydrothermal synthesis of zinc oxide one-dimensional nanostructure with three-dimensional morphology. Mater. Sci. Eng., B 150, 187–193 (2008)
Dhandapani, P., Maruthamuthu, S., Rajagopal, G.: Bio-mediated synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles and its photocatalytic effect on aquatic biofilm. J. Photochem. Photobiol., B 110, 43–49 (2012)
Wang, M.Q., Yan, J., Cui, H.P., Du, S.G.: Low temperature preparation and characterization of TiO2 nanoparticles coated glass beads by heterogeneous nucleation method. Mater. Charact. 76, 39–47 (2013)
Ghasemi, S., Setayesh, S.R., Habibi-Yangjeh, A., Hormozi-Nezhad, M.R., Gholami, M.R.: Assembly of CeO2–TiO2 nanoparticles prepared in room temperature ionic liquid on graphene nanosheets for photocatalytic degradation of pollutants. J. Hazard. Mater. 199–200, 170–178 (2012)
Shen, C., Wang, Y.J., Xu, J.H., Luo, G.S.: Facile synthesis and photocatalytic properties of TiO2 nanoparticles supported on porous glass beads. Chem. Eng. J. 209, 478–485 (2012)
Tomita, K., Petrykin, V., Kobayashi, M., Shiro, M., Yoshimura, M., Kakihana, M.: A water soluble titanium complex for the selective synthesis of nanocrystalline brookite, rutile, and anatase by a hydrothermal method. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 45, 2378–2381 (2006)
Nian, J.N., Teng, H.: Hydrothermal synthesis of single-crystalline anatase TiO2 nanorods with nanotubes as the precursor. J Phys Chem B 110, 4193–4198 (2006)
Kim, D.S., Kwak, S.Y.: The hydrothermal synthesis of mesoporous TiO2 with high crystallinity, thermal stability, large surface area, and enhanced photocatalytic activity. Appl. Catal. A 323, 110–118 (2007)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Kopp Alves, A., Bergmann, C.P., Berutti, F.A. (2013). Hydrothermal Synthesis. In: Novel Synthesis and Characterization of Nanostructured Materials. Engineering Materials. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41275-2_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41275-2_6
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-41274-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-41275-2
eBook Packages: Chemistry and Materials ScienceChemistry and Material Science (R0)