Abstract
Quasi-Monte Carlo methods often are more efficient than Monte Carlo methods, mainly, because deterministic low discrepancy sequences are more uniformly distributed than independent random numbers ever can be. So far, tensor product quasi-Monte Carlo techniques have been the only deterministic approach to consistent density estimation. By avoiding the repeated computation of identical information, which is intrinsic to the tensor product approach, a more efficient quasi-Monte Carlo method is derived. Its analysis relies on the properties of (0, 1)-sequences, provides new insights, and generalizes previous approaches to light transport simulation.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
van Antwerpen, D.: Unbiased physically based rendering on the GPU. Master’s thesis, Computer Graphics Research Group, Department of Software Technology Faculty EEMCS, Delft University of Technology (2011)
Bratley, P., Fox, B., Niederreiter, H.: Implementation and tests of low-discrepancy sequences. ACM Trans. Model. Comput. Simul. 2, 195–213 (1992)
Dahm, K.: A comparison of light transport algorithms on the GPU. Master’s thesis, Computer Graphics Group, Saarland University (2011)
Faure, H.: Discrépance de suites associées à un système de numération (en dimension s). Acta Arith. 41, 337–351 (1982)
Georgiev, I., Křivánek, J., Davidovič, T., Slusallek, P.: Light transport simulation with vertex connection and merging. ACM Trans. Graph. 31, 192:1–192:10 (2012)
Grünschloß, L., Raab, M., Keller, A.: Enumerating quasi-Monte Carlo point sequences in elementary intervals. In: Plaskota, L., Woźniakowski, H. (eds.) Monte Carlo and Quasi-Monte Carlo Methods 2010, pp. 399–408. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg (2012)
Hachisuka, T., Pantaleoni, J., Jensen, H.: A path space extension for robust light transport simulation. ACM Trans. Graph. 31, 191:1–191:10 (2012)
Halton, J.: On the efficiency of certain quasi-random sequences of points in evaluating multi-dimensional integrals. Numer. Math. 2, 84–90 (1960)
Hickernell, F., Hong, H., L’Ecuyer, P., Lemieux, C.: Extensible lattice sequences for quasi-Monte Carlo quadrature. SIAM J. Sci. Comput. 22, 1117–1138 (2001)
Hlawka, E., Mück, R.: Über eine Transformation von gleichverteilten Folgen II. Computing 9, 127–138 (1972)
Jarosz, W., Nowrouzezahrai, D., Thomas, R., Sloan, P., Zwicker, M.: Progressive photon beams. ACM Trans. Graph. – Proc. ACM SIGGRAPH Asia 30, 181:1–181:11 (2011)
Keller, A.: Instant radiosity. In: SIGGRAPH ’97: Proceedings of the 24th Annual Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques, Los Angeles, pp. 49–56 (1997)
Keller, A.: Myths of computer graphics. In: Niederreiter, H. (ed.) Monte Carlo and Quasi-Monte Carlo Methods 2004, pp. 217–243. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg (2006)
Keller, A.: Quasi-Monte Carlo image synthesis in a nutshell. In: Dick, J., Kuo, F.Y., Peters, G.W., Sloan, I.H. (eds.) Monte Carlo and Quasi-Monte Carlo Methods 2012, this volume 213–249. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg (2013)
Keller, A., Grünschloß, L.: Parallel quasi-Monte Carlo integration by partitioning low discrepancy sequences. In: Plaskota, L., Woźniakowski, H. (eds.) Monte Carlo and Quasi-Monte Carlo Methods 2010, pp. 487–498. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg (2012)
Keller, A., Grünschloß, L., Droske, M.: Quasi-Monte Carlo progressive photon mapping. In: Plaskota, L., Woźniakowsi, H. (eds.) Monte Carlo and Quasi-Monte Carlo Methods 2010, pp. 499–509. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg (2012)
Keller, A., Heidrich, W.: Interleaved sampling. In: Myszkowski, K., Gortler, S. (eds.) Rendering Techniques 2001. Proceedings of the 12th Eurographics Workshop on Rendering, London, pp. 269–276. Springer (2001)
Knaus, C., Zwicker, M.: Progressive photon mapping: A probabilistic approach. ACM Trans. Graph. 30, 25:1–25:13 (2011)
Kollig, T., Keller, A.: Efficient bidirectional path tracing by randomized quasi-Monte Carlo integration. In: Niederreiter, H., Fang, K., Hickernell, F. (eds.) Monte Carlo and Quasi-Monte Carlo Methods 2000, pp. 290–305. Springer, Berlin/New York (2002)
Lafortune, E.: Mathematical models and Monte Carlo algorithms for physically based rendering. Ph.D. thesis, KU Leuven (1996)
Niederreiter, H.: Point sets and sequences with small discrepancy. Monatsh. Math. 104, 273–337 (1987)
Niederreiter, H.: Random Number Generation and Quasi-Monte Carlo Methods. SIAM, Philadelphia (1992)
Niederreiter, H.: Error bounds for quasi-Monte Carlo integration with uniform point sets. J. Comput. Appl. Math. 150, 283–292 (2003)
Owen, A.: Randomly permuted (t, m, s)-nets and (t, s)-sequences. In: Niederreiter, H., Shiue, P.J.-S. (eds.) Monte Carlo and Quasi-Monte Carlo Methods in Scientific Computing. Lecture Notes in Statistics, vol. 106, pp. 299–315. Springer, New York (1995)
Owen, A.: Monte Carlo variance of scrambled net quadrature. SIAM J. Numer. Anal. 34, 1884–1910 (1997)
Pajot, A., Barthe, L., Paulin, M., Poulin, P.: Combinatorial bidirectional path-tracing for efficient hybrid CPU/GPU rendering. Comput. Graph. Forum 30, 315–324 (2011)
Paskov, S.: Termination criteria for linear problems. J. Complexity 11, 105–137 (1995)
Schmid, W.: (t, m, s)-Nets: Digital construction and combinatorial aspects. Ph.D. thesis, Universität Salzburg (1995)
Sobol’, I.: On the Distribution of points in a cube and the approximate evaluation of integrals. Zh. vychisl. Mat. mat. Fiz. 7, 784–802 (1967)
Sobol’, I.: Die Monte-Carlo-Methode. Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften, Berlin (1991)
Sobol’, I., Asotsky, D., Kreinin, A., Kucherenko, S.: Construction and comparison of high-dimensional Sobol’ generators. WILMOTT Mag. 56, 64–79 (2011)
Veach, E.: Robust Monte Carlo methods for light transport simulation. Ph.D. thesis, Stanford University (1997)
Veach, E., Guibas, L.: Optimally combining sampling techniques for Monte Carlo rendering. In: SIGGRAPH ’95 Proceedings of the 22nd Annual Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques, Los Angeles, pp. 419–428 (1995)
Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank Leonhard Grünschloß for the profound discussions.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Keller, A., Binder, N. (2013). Deterministic Consistent Density Estimation for Light Transport Simulation. In: Dick, J., Kuo, F., Peters, G., Sloan, I. (eds) Monte Carlo and Quasi-Monte Carlo Methods 2012. Springer Proceedings in Mathematics & Statistics, vol 65. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41095-6_23
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41095-6_23
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-41094-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-41095-6
eBook Packages: Mathematics and StatisticsMathematics and Statistics (R0)