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Cell Reactivity to Different Silica

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Book cover Biomedical Inorganic Polymers

Part of the book series: Progress in Molecular and Subcellular Biology ((PMSB,volume 54))

Abstract

The interaction between mineral structures and living beings is increasingly attracting the interest of research. The formation of skeletons, geomicrobiology, the study of the origin of life, soil biology, benthos biology, human and mammalian diseases generated by the inhalation of dust and biomaterials are some examples of scientific areas where the topic has a relevance. In this chapter we focus on cell reactivity to siliceous rocks and to the various forms of silicon dioxide, in particular. The examples here reported carefully review how such minerals may strongly affect different living beings, from simple ones to humans. The biomineralogy concept is explained, focusing on the effects of rocks on cell growth and development. The toxic action of silicon dioxide in mammalian lungs is the oldest evidence of crystalline silica bioactivity. More recently, we could demonstrate that crystalline silica has a deep impact on cell biology throughout the whole animal kingdom. One of the most illustrative case studies is the marine sponge Chondrosia reniformis, which has the amazing ability to incorporate and etch crystalline silica releasing dissolved silicates in the medium. This specific and selective action is due to the chemical reaction of ascorbic acid with quartz surfaces. One consequence of this is an increased production of collagen. The discovery of this mechanism opened the door to a new understanding of silica toxicity for animal cells and mammalian cells in particular. The presence of silica in sea water and substrates also affects processes like the settlement of larvae and the growth of diatoms. The following sections review all such aspects.

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Acknowledgements

The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement no. KBBE-2010-266033 to MG and from University of Genova Funding (PRA 2012) to SS.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell’Ambiente e della Vita, University of Genova, Genoa, Italy

    Marco Giovine, Sonia Scarfì & Marina Pozzolini

  2. Dipartimento di Scienze Biomolecolari, Università di Urbino “Carlo Bo”, Pesaro, Italy

    Antonella Penna

  3. Dipartimento di Scienze dell’Ambiente e della Vita, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy

    Carlo Cerrano

Authors
  1. Marco Giovine
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  2. Sonia Scarfì
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  3. Marina Pozzolini
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  4. Antonella Penna
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  5. Carlo Cerrano
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Marco Giovine .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. ERC Advanced Investigator Group, Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany

    Werner E. G. Müller

  2. ERC Advanced Investigator Group, Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany

    Xiaohong Wang

  3. ERC Advanced Investigator Group, Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany

    Heinz C. Schröder

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Giovine, M., Scarfì, S., Pozzolini, M., Penna, A., Cerrano, C. (2013). Cell Reactivity to Different Silica. In: Müller, W., Wang, X., Schröder, H. (eds) Biomedical Inorganic Polymers. Progress in Molecular and Subcellular Biology, vol 54. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41004-8_6

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