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Role of L-Type Ca2+ Channels in Sensory Cells

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Book cover Pathologies of Calcium Channels

Abstract

L-type Ca2+ channels play an important role in sensory cells present in the inner ear and the retina. Cav1.3 predominates in sensory cells of the inner ear (inner and outer cochlear hair cells and vestibular hair cells) and Cav1.4 in retinal neurons. Their pore-forming α1-subunits are highly homologous but functionally heterogeneous. Such variability is ensured either by differential interaction with modulatory proteins (such as Ca2+-binding proteins), differences in alternative splicing, posttranslational modification (RNA-editing) or in subunit composition. We will discuss special structural features that stabilize properties required for proper function in these cells and allow fine-tuning of Ca2+ signals. Whereas so far only one Cav1.3 human disease mutation has been published more than 50 mutations have been reported for Cav1.4. Cav1.3 channels are currently discussed as molecular target for neuroprotection in Parkinsons Disease. Are their regulatory mechanisms also interesting for potential pharmacotherapeutic modulation? How do loss- and gain-of-function mutations on the protein level both result in impaired retinal synaptic transmission in patients carrying these mutations? We will summarize our current knowledge about the role of L-type channels for human hearing and visual disorders.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Department of Neurophysiology and Pharmacology, Medical University Vienna, Schwarzspanierstrasse 17/I, 1090, Vienna, Austria

    Alexandra Koschak & Klaus Schicker

  2. Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82/III, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria

    Alexandra Pinggera & Jörg Striessnig

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  1. Alexandra Koschak
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  2. Alexandra Pinggera
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  3. Klaus Schicker
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  4. Jörg Striessnig
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Correspondence to Alexandra Koschak or Jörg Striessnig .

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  1. Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada

    Norbert Weiss

  2. Department of Neurophysiology and Pharmacology, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria

    Alexandra Koschak

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Koschak, A., Pinggera, A., Schicker, K., Striessnig, J. (2014). Role of L-Type Ca2+ Channels in Sensory Cells. In: Weiss, N., Koschak, A. (eds) Pathologies of Calcium Channels. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40282-1_3

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