Abstract
Neonatal hemodialysis (HD) for acute or chronic renal failure is a rare but important component of pediatric nephrological care. The needs for dialysis in infants are usually related to three different indications. Cause can be related to end-stage renal disease (ESRD), acute kidney injury (AKI), and finally inborn error of metabolism [2]. In larger children and rarely in infants, the other indication for renal replacement therapy is intoxication [9]. Because of the rarity of this cause in neonates, it will not be addressed in this chapter.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
Askenazi DJ, Ambalavanan N et al (2009) Acute kidney injury in critically ill newborns: what do we know? What do we need to learn? Pediatr Nephrol 24(2):265–274
Barletta GM, Bunchman TE (2004) Acute renal failure in children and infants. Curr Opin Crit Care 10(6):499–504
Barletta JF, Barletta GM et al (2006) Medication errors and patient complications with continuous renal replacement therapy. Pediatr Nephrol 21(6):842–845
Brophy PD, Mottes TA et al (2001) AN-69 membrane reactions are pH-dependent and preventable. Am J Kidney Dis 38(1):173–178
Brophy PD, Somers MJ et al (2005) Multi-centre evaluation of anticoagulation in patients receiving continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). Nephrol Dial Transplant 20(7):1416–1421
Bunchman TE (1995) Chronic dialysis in the infant less than 1 year of age. Pediatr Nephrol 9(Suppl):S18–22
Bunchman TE, Barletta GM et al (2007) Phenylacetate and benzoate clearance in a hyperammonemic infant on sequential hemodialysis and hemofiltration. Pediatr Nephrol 22(7):1062–1065
Bunchman TE, Donckerwolcke RA (1994) Continuous arterial-venous diahemofiltration and continuous veno-venous diahemofiltration in infants and children. Pediatr Nephrol 8(1):96–102
Bunchman TE, Ferris ME (2011) Management of toxic ingestions with the use of renal replacement therapy. Pediatr Nephrol 26(4):535–541
Bunchman TE, Maxvold NJ et al (2003) Pediatric convective hemofiltration: normocarb replacement fluid and citrate anticoagulation. Am J Kidney Dis 42(6):1248–1252
Bunchman TE, Maxvold NJ et al (1995) Continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration in infants and children. Am J Kidney Dis 25(1):17–21
Bunchman TE, McBryde KD et al (2001) Pediatric acute renal failure: outcome by modality and disease. Pediatr Nephrol 16(12):1067–1071
Carey WA, Talley LI et al (2007) Outcomes of dialysis initiated during the neonatal period for treatment of end-stage renal disease: a North American Pediatric Renal Trials and Collaborative Studies special analysis. Pediatrics 119(2):e468–473
Coulthard MG, Sharp J (1995) Haemodialysis and ultrafiltration in babies weighing under 1000 g. Arch Dis Child 73(3):F162–165
Donckerwolcke RA, Bunchman TE (1994) Hemodialysis in infants and small children. Pediatr Nephrol 8(1):103–106
Donn SM, Swartz RD et al (1979) Comparison of exchange transfusion, peritoneal dialysis, and hemodialysis for the treatment of hyperammonemia in an anuric newborn infant. J Pediatr 95(1):67–70
Eding DM, Jelsma LR et al (2011) Innovative techniques to decrease blood exposure and minimize interruptions in pediatric continuous renal replacement therapy. Crit Care Nurse 31(1):64–71
Everdell NL (2007) A haemodialysis system for the treatment of acute renal failure and metabolic disorders in neonates. Med Eng Phys 29(4):516–524
Everdell NL, Coulthard MG et al (2005) A machine for haemodialysing very small infants. Pediatr Nephrol 20(5):636–643
Feinstein S, Rinat C et al (2008) The outcome of chronic dialysis in infants and toddlers–advantages and drawbacks of haemodialysis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 23(4):1336–1345
Flores FX, Brophy PD et al (2008) Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) after stem cell transplantation. A report from the prospective pediatric CRRT Registry Group. Pediatr Nephrol 23(4):625–630
Gitomer JJ, Khan AM et al (2001) Treatment of severe theophylline toxicity with hemodialysis in a preterm neonate. Pediatr Nephrol 16(10):784–786
Hackbarth R, Bunchman TE et al (2007) The effect of vascular access location and size on circuit survival in pediatric continuous renal replacement therapy: a report from the PPCRRT registry. Int J Artif Organs 30(12):1116–1121
Hackbarth RM, Eding D et al (2005) Zero balance ultrafiltration (Z-BUF) in blood-primed CRRT circuits achieves electrolyte and acid-base homeostasis prior to patient connection. Pediatr Nephrol 20(9):1328–1333
Hodson EM, Kjellstrand CM et al (1978) Acute renal failure in infants and children: outcome of 53 patients requiring hemodialysis treatment. J Pediatr 93(5):756–761
Kjellstrand CM, Mauer SM et al (1973) Haemodialysis of premature and newborn babies. Proc Eur Dial Transplant Assoc 10:349–362
Kreuzer M, Ahlenstiel T et al (2010) Management of regional citrate anticoagulation in pediatric high-flux dialysis: activated coagulation time versus post-filter ionized calcium. Pediatr Nephrol 25(7):1305–1310
Maxvold NJ, Smoyer WE et al (2000) Amino acid loss and nitrogen balance in critically ill children with acute renal failure: a prospective comparison between classic hemofiltration and hemofiltration with dialysis. Crit Care Med 28(4):1161–1165
McBryde KD, Kudelka TL et al (2004) Clearance of amino acids by hemodialysis in argininosuccinate synthetase deficiency. J Pediatr 144(4):536–540
Moran JE, Ash SR (2008) Locking solutions for hemodialysis catheters; heparin and citrate–a position paper by ASDIN. Semin Dial 21(5):490–492
Msall M, Batshaw ML et al (1984) Neurologic outcome in children with inborn errors of urea synthesis. Outcome of urea-cycle enzymopathies. N Engl J Med 310(23):1500–1505
Picca S, Dionisi-Vici C et al (2001) Extracorporeal dialysis in neonatal hyperammonemia: modalities and prognostic indicators. Pediatr Nephrol 16(11):862–867
Potter DE, San Luis E et al (1986) Comparison of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis in children. Kidney Int Suppl 19:S11–14
Ronco C, Bellomo R et al (2000) Effects of different doses in continuous veno-venous haemofiltration on outcomes of acute renal failure: a prospective randomised trial. Lancet 356(9223):26–30
Sadowski RH, Harmon WE et al (1994) Acute hemodialysis of infants weighing less than five kilograms. Kidney Int 45(3):903–906
Symons JM, Brophy PD et al (2003) Continuous renal replacement therapy in children up to 10 kg. Am J Kidney Dis 41(5):984–989
Wiegand C, Thompson T et al (1980) The management of life-threatening hyperammonemia: a comparison of several therapeutic modalities. J Pediatr 96(1):142–144
Zappitelli M, Goldstein SL et al (2008) Protein and calorie prescription for children and young adults receiving continuous renal replacement therapy: a report from the Prospective Pediatric Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy Registry Group. Crit Care Med 36(12):3239–3245
Zappitelli M, Juarez M et al (2009) Continuous renal replacement therapy amino acid, trace metal and folate clearance in critically ill children. Intensive Care Med 35(4):698–706
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2014 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Lo, M.M., Bunchman, T.E. (2014). Hemodialysis and Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy. In: Chishti, A., Alam, S., Kiessling, S. (eds) Kidney and Urinary Tract Diseases in the Newborn. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-39988-6_17
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-39988-6_17
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-39987-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-39988-6
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)