Abstract
A cyber-physical system (CPS) is an interactive system of continuous plants and real-time controller programs. These systems usually feature a tight relationship between the physical and computational components and exhibit true concurrency with respect to time. These communication and concurrency issues have been well investigated in event based synchronous languages but only for discrete systems. In this paper, we investigate the distinct features of CPS and propose an imperative-style language framework for the programming of CPS. To characterize the semantics of the language, a set of algebraic laws are provided, which can be used to reduce arbitrary program into normal form. The programs in the normal form exhibit clear time-consuming and instantaneous behaviors. Moreover, the algebraic laws can be used in the transformation from the high level hybrid program specification to low level controller programs interacting with the physical plants. We will investigate this part in the follow-up work.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Jifeng, H.: A classical mind, pp. 171–189. Prentice Hall International (UK) Ltd., Hertfordshire (1994)
Henzinger, T.A.: The theory of hybrid automata. In: LICS, pp. 278–292. IEEE Computer Society (1996)
Lynch, N.A., Segala, R., Vaandrager, F.W.: Hybrid i/o automata. Inf. Comput. 185(1), 105–157 (2003)
Benveniste, A., Bourke, T., Caillaud, B., Pouzet, M.: A hybrid synchronous language with hierarchical automata: static typing and translation to synchronous code. In: Chakraborty, S., Jerraya, A., Baruah, S.K., Fischmeister, S. (eds.) EMSOFT, pp. 137–148. ACM (2011)
Bauer, K., Schneider, K.: From synchronous programs to symbolic representations of hybrid systems. In: Johansson, K.H., Yi, W. (eds.) HSCC, pp. 41–50. ACM (2010)
Baldamus, M., Stauner, T.: Modifying esterel concepts to model hybrid systems. Electr. Notes Theor. Comput. Sci. 65(5), 35–49 (2002)
Fritzson, P.: Modelica - a cyber-physical modeling language and the openmodelica environment. In: IWCMC, pp. 1648–1653. IEEE (2011)
Su, W., Abrial, J.-R., Zhu, H.: Complementary methodologies for developing hybrid systems with event-B. In: Aoki, T., Taguchi, K. (eds.) ICFEM 2012. LNCS, vol. 7635, pp. 230–248. Springer, Heidelberg (2012)
Abrial, J.-R., Su, W., Zhu, H.: Formalizing hybrid systems with event-B. In: Derrick, J., Fitzgerald, J., Gnesi, S., Khurshid, S., Leuschel, M., Reeves, S., Riccobene, E. (eds.) ABZ 2012. LNCS, vol. 7316, pp. 178–193. Springer, Heidelberg (2012)
Platzer, A.: Logical Analysis of Hybrid Systems - Proving Theorems for Complex Dynamics. Springer (2010)
Fritzson, P.: The Modelica object-oriented equation-based language and its OpenModelica environment with metamodeling, interoperability, and parallel execution. In: Ando, N., Balakirsky, S., Hemker, T., Reggiani, M., von Stryk, O. (eds.) SIMPAR 2010. LNCS, vol. 6472, pp. 5–14. Springer, Heidelberg (2010)
Lee, E.A., Seshia, S.A.: Introduction to Embedded Systems - A Cyber-Physical Systems Approach. 1 edn. Lee and Seshia (2010)
Hoare, C.A.R., Hayes, I.J., He, J., Morgan, C., Roscoe, A.W., Sanders, J.W., Sørensen, I.H., Spivey, J.M., Sufrin, B.: Laws of programming. Commun. ACM 30(8), 672–686 (1987)
Hoare, T., van Staden, S.: In praise of algebra. Formal Asp. Comput. 24(4-6), 423–431 (2012)
He, J., et al.: Provably correct systems. In: Langmaack, H., de Roever, W.-P., Vytopil, J. (eds.) FTRTFT 1994 and ProCoS 1994. LNCS, vol. 863, pp. 288–335. Springer, Heidelberg (1994)
Roscoe, A.W., Hoare, C.A.R.: The laws of occam programming. Theor. Comput. Sci. 60, 177–229 (1988)
He, J., Page, I., Bowen, J.P.: Towards a provably correct hardware implementation of occam. In: Milne, G.J., Pierre, L. (eds.) CHARME 1993. LNCS, vol. 683, pp. 214–225. Springer, Heidelberg (1993)
Qin, S., He, J., Qiu, Z., Zhang, N.: An algebraic hardware/software partitioning algorithm. J. Comput. Sci. Technol. 17(3), 284–294 (2002)
Qiwen, X., He, J.: Laws of parallel programming with shared variables (1994)
Zhu, H., Yang, F., He, J., Bowen, J.P., Sanders, J.W., Qin, S.: Linking operational semantics and algebraic semantics for a probabilistic timed shared-variable language. J. Log. Algebr. Program. 81(1), 2–25 (2012)
Zhao, Y., He, J.: Towards a signal calculus for event-based synchronous languages. In: Qin, S., Qiu, Z. (eds.) ICFEM 2011. LNCS, vol. 6991, pp. 1–13. Springer, Heidelberg (2011)
Zhao, Y., Zhu, L., Zhu, H., He, J.: A denotational model for instantaneous signal calculus. In: Eleftherakis, G., Hinchey, M., Holcombe, M. (eds.) SEFM 2012. LNCS, vol. 7504, pp. 126–140. Springer, Heidelberg (2012)
Berry, G.: The foundations of esterel. In: Plotkin, G.D., Stirling, C., Tofte, M. (eds.) Proof, Language, and Interaction, pp. 425–454. The MIT Press (2000)
Benveniste, A., Caspi, P., Edwards, S.A., Halbwachs, N., Guernic, P.L., de Simone, R.: The synchronous languages 12 years later. Proceedings of the IEEE 91(1), 64–83 (2003)
Hoare, C.A.R.: Communicating Sequential Processes. Prentice-Hall, Inc., Upper Saddle River (1985)
He, J.: An algebraic approach to the VERILOG programming. In: Aichernig, B.K., Maibaum, T. (eds.) Formal Methods at the Crossroads. From Panacea to Foundational Support. LNCS, vol. 2757, pp. 65–80. Springer, Heidelberg (2003)
Zhu, H., He, J., Bowen, J.P.: From algebraic semantics to denotational semantics for Verilog. In: ICECCS, pp. 139–151. IEEE Computer Society (2006)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Zhu, L., Zhao, Y., Zhu, H., Xu, Q. (2013). Towards a Modeling Language for Cyber-Physical Systems. In: Liu, Z., Woodcock, J., Zhu, H. (eds) Theories of Programming and Formal Methods. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 8051. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-39698-4_24
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-39698-4_24
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-39697-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-39698-4
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)