Abstract
Aspergillus species are ubiquitous soil inhabitants; if the conidia are inhaled into the respiratory tract, they can cause life-threatening disease. Invasive aspergillosis (IA) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in severely immunocompromised patients. The bulk of literature about IA involves patients with classic risk factors for IA, such as prolonged neutropenia and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. However, a broad group of patients who are admitted to intensive care units may also be susceptible to these infections.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Anaissie EJ, Stratton SL, Dignani MC et al (2002) Pathogenic Aspergillus species recovered from a hospital water system: a 3-year prospective study. Clin Infect Dis 34:780–789
Annane D, Sebille V, Charpentier C et al (2002) Effect of treatment with low doses of hydrocortisone fludrocortisone on mortality in patients with septic shock. JAMA 288:862–871
Ascah KJ, Hyland RH, Hutcheon MA et al (1984) Invasive aspergillosis in a “healthy” patient. Can Med Assoc J 131:332–335
Bailey RJ, Woolf IL, Cullens H, Williams R (1976) Metabolic inhibition of polymorphonuclear leucocytes in fulminant hepatic failure. Lancet 1:1162–1163
Balloy V, Huerre M, Latgé JP, Chignard M (2005) Differences in patterns of infection inflammation for corticosteroid treatment chemotherapy in experimental invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. Infect Immun 73:494–503
Blot SI, Taccone FS, Van den Abeele AM et al (2012) A clinical algorithm to diagnose invasive aspergillosis in critically ill patients. Am J Resp Crit Care Med 186:56–64
Bulpa PA, Dive AM, Garrino MG et al (2001) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients with invasive pulmonary aspergillosis: benefits of intensive care? Intensive Care Med 27:59–67
Caillot D, Casasnovas O, Bernard A et al (1997) Improved management of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in neutropenic patients using early thoracic computed tomographic scan surgery. J Clin Oncol 15:139–147
Chamilos G, Luna M, Lewis R et al (2006) Invasive fungal infections in patients with hematological malignancies in a tertiary care center: an autopsy study over a 15-year period (1989–2003). Haematologica 91:986–989
Combes A, Mokhtari M, Couvelard A et al (2004) Clinical autopsy diagnoses in the intensive care unit: a prospective study. Arch Intern Med 164:389–392
Cornely O, Maertens J, Winston DJ et al (2007) Posaconazole vs. fluconazole or itraconazole in patients with neutropenia. N Engl J Med 356:348–359
Cornillet A, Camus C, Nimubona S et al (2006) Comparison of epidemiological, clinical biological features of invasive aspergillosis in neutropenic nonneutropenic patients: a 6-year survey. Clin Infect Dis 43:577–584
de Pauw B, Walsh TJ, Donnelly JP et al on behalf of the Invasive Fungal Infections Cooperative Group of the European Organization for Research Treatment of Cancer Mycoses Study Group of the National Institute of Allergy Infectious Diseases (2008) Revised definitions of invasive fungal disease from the EORTC/MSG consensus group. Clin Infect Dis 46(12):1813–1821
Denning DW (1996) Therapeutic outcome in invasive aspergillosis. Clin Infect Dis 23:608–615
Denning DW (2003) Echinocandin antifungal drugs. Lancet 362:1142–1151
Denning DW, Riniotis K, Dobrashian R, Sambatakou H (2003) Chronic cavitary fibrosing pulmonary pleural aspergillosis: case series, proposed nomenclature change, review. Clin Infect Dis 37(Suppl 3):S265–S280
Digby J, Kalbfleisch J, Glenn A, Larsen A, Browder W, Williams D (2003) Serum glucan levels are not specific for presence of fungal infections in intensive care unit patients. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 10:882–885
Dimopoulos G, Piagnerelli M, Berré J, Salmon I, Vincent JL (2004) Post mortem examination in the intensive care unit: still useful? Intensive Care Med 30:2080–2085
Esteban A, Fernandez-Segoviano P (2003) Is autopsy dead in the ICU? Intensive Care Med 29:522–525
Garnacho-Montero J, Amaya-Villar R, Ortiz-Leyba C et al (2005) Isolation of Aspergillus spp. from the respiratory tract in critically ill patients: risk factors, clinical presentation outcome. Crit Care 9:R191–R199
Graham BS, Tucker WS Jr (1984) Opportunistic infections in endogenous Cushing’s syndrome. Ann Intern Med 101:334–338
Groll AH, Shah PM, Mentzel C, Schneider M, Just-Nuebling G, Huebner K (1996) Trends in the postmortem epidemiology of invasive fungal infections at a university hospital. J Infect 33:23–32
Hartemink KJ, Paul MA, Spijkstra JJ, Girbes A, Polderman KH (2003) Immunoparalysis as a cause for invasive aspergillosis? Intensive Care Med 29:2068–2071
Herbrecht R, Denning DW, Patterson TF et al (2002) Voriconazole versus amphotericin B for primary therapy of invasive aspergillosis. N Engl J Med 347:408–415
Hope WW, Walsh TJ, Denning DW (2005a) Laboratory diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis. Lancet Infect Dis 5:609–622
Hope WW, Walsh TJ, Denning DW (2005b) The invasive saprophytic syndromes due to Aspergillus spp. Med Mycol 43(Suppl 1):S207–S238
Husain S, Kwak E, Obman A et al (2004) Prospective assessment of Platelia Aspergillus galactomannan antigen for the diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis in lung transplant recipients. Am J Transplant 4:796–802
Klont R, Messink-Kersten M, Verwije PE (2004) Utility of Aspergillus antigen detection in specimens other than serum specimens. Clin Infect Dis 39:1467–1474
Kox WJ, Volk T, Kox SN et al (2000) Immunomodulatory therapies in sepsis. Intensive Care Med 26(Suppl 1):S124–S128
Kumar A, Roberts D, Wood KE et al (2006) Duration of hypotension before initiation of effective antimicrobial therapy is the critical determinant of survival in human septic shock. Crit Care Med 34:1589–1596
Kwak E, Husain S, Obman A et al (2004) Efficacy of galactomannan antigen in the Platelia Aspergillus enzyme immunoassay for diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis in liver transplant recipients. J Clin Microbiol 42:435–438
Lass-Flörl C, Salzer G, Schmid T, Rabl W, Ulmer H, Dierichi M (1999) Pulmonary Aspergillus colonization in humans: its impact on management of critically ill patients. Br J Haematol 104:745–747
Leav BA, Fanburg B, Hadley S (2000) Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis associated with high-dose inhaled fluticasone. N Engl J Med 343:586
Lin SJ, Schranz J, Teutsch M (2001) Aspergillosis case-fatality rate: systematic review of the literature. Clin Infect Dis 32:358–366
Lionakis MS, Kontoyiannis DP (2003) Glucocorticoids invasive fungal infections. Lancet 362:1828–1838
Maertens J, Van Eldere J, Verhaegen J, Verbeken Verschakelen J, Boogaerts M (2002) Use of circulating galactomannan screening for early diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis in allogeneic stem cell transplant recipients. J Infect Dis 186:1297–1306
Marr KA, Patterson T, Denning DW (2002) Aspergillosis: pathogenesis, clinical manifestations therapy. Infect Dis Clin North Am 16:875–894
Martin SI, Marty FM, Fiumara K, Treon SP, Gribben JG, Baden LR (2006) Infectious complications associated with alemtuzumab use for lymphoproliferative disorders. Clin Infect Dis 43:16–24
Martino R, Subira M, Rovira M et al (2002) Invasive fungal infections after allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation: incidence risk factors in 395 patients. Br J Haematol 116:475–482
Meersseman W, Vandecasteele SJ, Wilmer A, Verbeken E, Peetermans WE, Van Wijngaerden E (2004) Invasive aspergillosis in critically ill patients without malignancy. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 170:621–625
Meersseman W, Lagrou K, Maertens J et al (2008) Galactomannan in broncho-alveolar lavage fluid: a tool for diagnosing aspergillosis in ICU patients. Am J Resp Crit Care 1:27–34
Mehrad B, Paciocco G, Martinez FJ, Ojo TC, Ianettoni MD, Lynch JP (2001) Spectrum of Aspergillus infection in lung transplant recipients: case series review of the literature. Chest 119:169–175
Mennink-Kersten MA, Donelly JP, Verweij PE (2004) Detection of circulating galactomannan for the diagnosis management of invasive aspergillosis. Lancet Infect Dis 4:349–357
Mikulska M, Furfaro E, Del Bono V et al (2012) Piperacillin/tazobactam seem to be no longer responsible for false positive results of the galactomannan assay. J Antimicrob Chemother 67:1746–1748
Mort TC, Yeston NS (1999) The relationship of pre mortem diagnoses post mortem findings in a surgical intensive care unit. Crit Care Med 27:299–303
Munoz P, Guinea J, Pelaez T, Duran C, Blanco JL, Bouza E (2004) Nosocomial invasive aspergillosis in a heart transplant recipient acquired during a break in the HEPA air filtration system. Transpl Infect Dis 6:50–54
Nathan SD, Shorr AF, Schmidt ME, Burton NA (2000) Aspergillus endobronchial abnormalities in lung transplant recipients. Chest 118:403–407
Nunley DR, Gal AA, Vega JD, Perlino C, Smith P, Lawrence CE (2002) Saprophytic fungal infections complications involving the bronchial anastomosis following human lung transplantation. Chest 122:1185–1191
O’Donnell MR, Schmidt GM, Tegtmeier BR et al (1994) Prediction of systemic fungal infection in allogeneic marrow recipients: impact of amphotericin prophylaxis in high-risk patients. J Clin Oncol 12:827–834
Ostrosky-Zeichner L, Alexander BD, Kett DH et al (2005) Multicenter clinical evaluation of the (1 → 3) β-d-glucan assay as an aid to diagnosis of fungal infections in humans. Clin Infect Dis 41:654–659
Palmer LB, Greenberg HE, Schiff MJ (1991) Corticosteroid treatment as a risk factor for invasive aspergillosis in patients with lung disease. Thorax 46:15–20
Pasqualotto AC, Denning DW (2006) Post-operative aspergillosis. Clin Microbiol Infect 12:1060–1076
Patterson TF (2005) Advances challenges in management of invasive mycoses. Lancet 366:1013–1025
Patterson TF, Kirkpatrick WR, White M et al (2000) Invasive aspergillosis: disease spectrum, treatment practices, outcome. Medicine (Baltimore) 79:250–260
Pazos C, Ponton J, Del Palacio A (2005) Contribution of 1,3 beta-d glucan chromogenic assay to diagnosis therapeutic monitoring of invasive aspergillosis in neutropenic adult patients: a comparison with serial screening for circulating galactomannan. J Clin Microbiol 43:299–305
Pelaez T, Munoz P, Guinea J et al (2012) Outbreak of invasive aspergillosis after major heart surgery caused by spores in the air of the intensive care unit. Clin Infect Dis 54:24–31
Perfect JR, Cox GM, Lee JY et al (2001) The impact of culture isolation of Aspergillus species: a hospital-based survey of aspergillosis. Clin Infect Dis 33:1824–1833
Petraitiene R, Petraitis V, Witt JR et al (2011) Galactomannan-antigenemia after infusion of gluconate-containing plasma-lyte. J Clin Microbiol 48:4330–4332
Pfeiffer C, Fine J, Safdar N (2006) Diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis using a galactomannan assay: a meta-analysis. Clin Infect Dis 42:1417–1427
Pittet D, Huguenin T, Dharan S et al (1996) Unusual cause of lethal pulmonary aspergillosis in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 154:541–544
Rello J, Esandi ME, Mariscal D, Gallego M, Domingo C, Valles J (1998) Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: report of eight cases review. Clin Infect Dis 26:1473–1475
Roosen J, Frans E, Wilmer A, Knockaert D, Bobbaers H (2000) Comparison of premortem clinical diagnoses in critically ill patients subsequent autopsy findings. Mayo Clin Proc 75:562–567
Sastry P, Parikh P, Kulkarni P, Bhagwart R, Gadade H (2005) Use of liposomal amphotericin B in bone marrow transplant. J Postgrad Med 51:S49–S52
Segal BH, Walsh TJ (2006) Current approaches to diagnosis treatment of invasive aspergillosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 173:707–717
Silfvast T, Takkunen O, Kolho E, Andersson L, Rosenberg P (2003) Characteristics of discrepancies between clinical autopsy diagnoses in the intensive care unit: a 5-year review. Intensive Care Med 29:321–324
Soubani AO, Chandrasekar PH (2002) The clinical spectrum of pulmonary aspergillosis. Chest 121:1988–1999
Stevens DA, Kan VL, Judson MA (2000) Practice guidelines for diseases caused by Aspergillus. Clin Infect Dis 30:696–709
Tarrand JJ, Lichterfeld M, Warraich I et al (2003) Diagnosis of invasive septate mold infections: a correlation of microbiological culture histologic or cytologic examination. Am J Clin Pathol 119:854–858
Valles J, Mesalles E, Marsical D et al (2003) A 7-year prospective study of severe-hospital acquired pneumonia requiring ICU admission. Intensive Care Med 29:1981–1988
Vandewoude KH, Blot SI, Depuydt P et al (2006) Clinical relevance of Aspergillus isolation from respiratory tract samples in critically ill patients. Crit Care 10:R31
Warris A, Verweij PE (2005) Clinical implications of environmental sources for Aspergillus. Med Mycol 43(Suppl 1):S59–S65
Warris A, Bjorneklett A, Gaustad P et al (2001) Invasive aspergillosis associated with infliximab therapy. N Engl J Med 344:1099–1100
Warris A, Voss A, Abrahamsen TG, Verwije PE (2002) Contamination of hospital water with Aspergillus fumigatus other molds. Clin Infect Dis 34:1159–1160
Wauters J, Baar I, Meersseman P et al (2012) Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis is a frequent complication of critically ill H1N1 patients: a retrospective study. Intensive Care Med 38:1761–1768
Acknowledgments
Potential conflicts of interest: W.M. has been a member of the speakers’ bureau for Pfizer and Merck Sharp and Dome.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2014 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Meersseman, W. (2014). 10 Invasive Aspergillosis in the Intensive Care Unit. In: Kurzai, O. (eds) Human Fungal Pathogens. The Mycota, vol 12. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-39432-4_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-39432-4_10
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-39431-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-39432-4
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)