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Publishing Data on the Web

  • Chapter
Web Information Retrieval

Part of the book series: Data-Centric Systems and Applications ((DCSA))

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Abstract

During the last 20 years a number of techniques to publish data on the Web have emerged. They range from the inexpensive approach of setting up a Web form to query a database, to the costly one of publishing Linked Data. So far none of these techniques has emerged as the preferable one, but search engine rich snippets are rapidly changing this game. Search engine optimization is becoming the driving business model for data publishing. This chapter surveys, in chronological order, the different techniques data owners have been using to publish data on the Web, provides a mean to comparatively evaluate them, and presents an outlook on the near future of Web data publishing.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    For example, http://www.census.gov/ online since 1996.

  2. 2.

    For example, http://www.amazon.com/ online since 1995.

  3. 3.

    The internationalized resource identifier (IRI) generalizes the uniform resource identifier (URI) that generalizes the uniform resource locator (URL) used on the Web to identify a Web page. While URIs are limited to a subset of the ASCII character set, IRIs may contain characters from other character sets including Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Cyrillic, and so forth. The IRIs are defined by RFC 3987.

  4. 4.

    http://opendatacommons.org/licenses/pddl/.

  5. 5.

    http://opendatacommons.org/licenses/by/.

  6. 6.

    http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/.

  7. 7.

    http://www.opensearch.org/.

  8. 8.

    Modern browsers have a search box (e.g., Firefox 18 has it in the top right corner) with which users can issue search requests to their preferred search engines without opening the search engine page. The set of search engines reachable from the browser is extensible. When the user is on a Web page that contains an OpenSearch service description (e.g., amazon.com), the auto-discovery feature of the protocol allows the browser to detect the search engine interface, and the user can add it to the set of search engines directly invocable from the browser.

  9. 9.

    Source http://trends.builtwith.com/docinfo/OpenSearch.

  10. 10.

    A permalink is an IRI pointing to a piece of information published on the text that remains unchanged indefinitely. Most Web 2.0 content syndication software systems support such links.

  11. 11.

    http://www.json.org/.

  12. 12.

    Interested readers can read a popular blog post entitled “Web Services Org Folds Up and the REST is History” by R. Irani available online at http://blog.programmableweb.com/2010/11/30/web-services-org-folds-up-and-the-rest-is-history/.

  13. 13.

    http://blog.programmableweb.com/2012/11/26/8000-apis-rise-of-the-enterprise/.

  14. 14.

    http://blog.programmableweb.com/2012/08/23/7000-apis-twice-as-many-as-this-time-last-year/.

  15. 15.

    http://www.citysearch.com/.

  16. 16.

    http://www.urbanspoon.com/.

  17. 17.

    http://www.bloglines.com/.

  18. 18.

    http://www.insiderpages.com/.

  19. 19.

    http://www.merchantcircle.com/.

  20. 20.

    http://microformats.org/wiki/hCalendar.

  21. 21.

    The International Standard ISO 8601 specifies numeric representations of date and time. Interested readers can refer to http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/iso-time.html for a summary.

  22. 22.

    http://www.microformats.org/.

  23. 23.

    The term name collision refers to the problem that occurs in computer programs when the same name denotes different things; typically it arises when two separate program components are merged. Problems of name collision are commonly addressed by introducing namespaces and prefixes.

  24. 24.

    http://microformats.org/wiki/issues#opened_2010.

  25. 25.

    http://schema.org/Event.

  26. 26.

    http://www.readwriteweb.com/archives/how_best_buy_is_using_the_semantic_web.php.

  27. 27.

    http://www.readwriteweb.com/archives/facebook_the_semantic_web.php.

  28. 28.

    http://developers.facebook.com/docs/opengraph.

  29. 29.

    Source http://trends.builtwith.com/docinfo/Open-Graph-Protocol.

  30. 30.

    http://readwrite.com/2010/04/15/the_modigliani_test_semantic_web_tipping_point.

  31. 31.

    http://readwrite.com/2010/04/25/the_modigliani_test_for_linked_data.

  32. 32.

    http://factforge.net/.

  33. 33.

    http://www.fdic.gov.

  34. 34.

    http://www2.fdic.gov/hsob/SelectRpt.asp?EntryTyp=30.

  35. 35.

    http://blog.okfn.org/2012/10/19/data-party-tracking-europes-failed-banks/.

  36. 36.

    http://www.datatables.org/.

  37. 37.

    http://developer.yahoo.com/yql/.

  38. 38.

    http://www.google.com/fusiontables.

  39. 39.

    http://www.freebase.com/.

  40. 40.

    The European Commission within the Seventh Information and Communication Technologies Work Programme funded the projects LOD2 (http://lod2.eu) and LACT (http://latc-project.eu) to further push the development of Linked Data technologies, and LDBC (http://www.ldbc.eu/) to establish industry cooperation between vendors of Linked Data technologies in developing, endorsing, and publishing reliable and insightful benchmark results.

  41. 41.

    http://www.google.com/trends/.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dipartimento di Elettronica e Informazione, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy

    Stefano Ceri, Alessandro Bozzon, Marco Brambilla, Emanuele Della Valle, Piero Fraternali & Silvia Quarteroni

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  1. Stefano Ceri
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  2. Alessandro Bozzon
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  3. Marco Brambilla
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  4. Emanuele Della Valle
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  5. Piero Fraternali
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Ceri, S., Bozzon, A., Brambilla, M., Della Valle, E., Fraternali, P., Quarteroni, S. (2013). Publishing Data on the Web. In: Web Information Retrieval. Data-Centric Systems and Applications. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-39314-3_10

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-39314-3_10

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-39313-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-39314-3

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