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The Study of the Cosmic Gamma-Emission Nonstationary Fluxes Characteristics by the AVS-F Apparatus Data

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The Coronas-F Space Mission

Part of the book series: Astrophysics and Space Science Library ((ASSL,volume 400))

Abstract

The AVS-F apparatus (Russian abbreviation for Amplitude-Time Spectrometry of the Sun) is intended for the solar flares’ hard X-ray and gamma-ray emission characteristic studies and for the search and detection of the gamma-ray bursts (GRB). At present over 1,100 events with duration more than 2 s without any coordinate relations to Earth Radiation Belts and South Atlantic Anomaly were separated on the results of preliminary analysis of AVS-F experiment database.About 68 % of the identified events were associated with quasistationary equatorial precipitations-15-30 % count rate increases in the low-energy gamma-band of the AVS-F apparatus over its average value obtained by approximation of these parts with polynomials discovered on some equatorial segments in the ranges of geographic latitude of 25∘ up to +30∘. Several short events with duration of 1-16 ms associated with terrestrial gamma-ray flashes were registered during the experiment. These events were detected above the powerful thunderstorm formations.Solar flares with classes stronger than M1.0 according to the GOES classification were about 7 % of the detected events. Solar flares’ hard X-rays and γ-emission were mainly observed during the rise or maximum phases of the emission in the soft X-rays band according to the detectors on board the GOES series satellites data and duration of their registration is less than of the soft X-ray bands. According to the preliminary data analysis gamma-emission with energy over 10 MeV was registered during 12 % of the observed flares. The emission in the energy band E ¿ 100 keV was registered during over 60 faint solar flares (of B and C classes according to the GOES and from several ones γ-quanta with energy up to several tens of MeV were observed.Several spectral line complexes were observed in the spectra of some solar flares stronger than M1.0 in the low-energy gamma-range. Registered spectral features were corresponded to α α-lines, annihilation line, nuclear lines, and neutron capture line on1H (2.223 MeV). In the spectrum of the January 20, 2005 solar flare the feature in the range of 15-21 MeV was detected for the first time. It can be associated with lines of 15.11 MeV (12C +16O) or 20.58 MeV (from neutron radiative capture on3He), or with their combination. Also several e-dominant flares without any gamma-lines in energy spectra were identified. All detected faint solar flares were e-dominant according to the preliminary data analysis.Thin structure with characteristic timescale of 30-160 s was observed at 99 % significance level on some solar flares stronger than M1.0 temporal profiles in the low-energy gamma-band in the energy ranges corresponding to the identified spectral features or whole gamma-band energy boundaries. According to the results of the preliminary analysis during the flare of January 20, 2005, thin structure with timescale from 7 ms to 35 ms was detected at 99 % confidence level in the energy range of 0.1-20 MeV. Some thin structure with characteristic timescale 50-110 s was observed on temporal profiles of several faint events.About 3 % of the identified events were gamma-ray bursts. During some bursts high-energy gamma-emission was observed, for example Emax = 147 ± 3 MeV for GRB050525.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Deceased

  2. 2.

    At spectrum multiplying on a power-law function of the r-th order at r > 0 shift of the line center was taken into account. This shift was calculated by the following equation:

    $$\displaystyle{ x = x_{0}/2 + \sqrt{{(x_{0 } /2)}^{2 } + {r\sigma }^{2}} }$$
    (2)

    for the features which can be approximated with a gaussian with the parameters x 0 and σ.

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  1. National Research Nuclear University “MEPhI”, Kashirskoe shosse, 31, Moscow, 115409, Russia

    Yu. D. Kotov, I. V. Arkhangelskaja, A. I. Arkhangelsky, A. S. Glyanenko, P. A. Kalmykov, D. B. Amandzholova, V. T. Samoylenko, V. N. Yurov, A. V. Pavlov, O. I. Chervyakova & I. V. Afonina

  2. D. V. Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University (SINP MSU), Vorobyevy Gory, Moscow, 119991, Russia

    S. N. Kuznetsov

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Kotov, Y.D. et al. (2014). The Study of the Cosmic Gamma-Emission Nonstationary Fluxes Characteristics by the AVS-F Apparatus Data. In: Kuznetsov, V. (eds) The Coronas-F Space Mission. Astrophysics and Space Science Library, vol 400. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-39268-9_7

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