Abstract
The corpse is accorded respect in all cultural spheres and, according to the prevailing beliefs in many countries, has personal protection rights that continue to be effective post-mortem. Thus, the dignity of an individual is to be respected even after death. The religious beliefs of the deceased and the bereaved require special consideration. Although relatives have a right to care for the dead, they do not have unlimited rights of disposal. Therefore, according to civil law, a body cannot be sold and may not become an object of commercial trade (“res extra commercium”). A body can be subject to confiscation for the purposes of criminal proceedings.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsSelected References and Further Reading
Amberg R, Pollak S (2001) Postmortem endoscopic findings of the ocular fundus. Forensic Sci Int 124:157–162
Bajanowski T, Vege A, Byard RW, Krous HF, Arnestad M, Bachs L, Banner J, Blair PS, Borthne A, Dettmeyer R, Fleming P, Gaustad P, Gregersen M, Grøgaard J, Holter E, Isaksen CV, Jorgensen JV, de Lange C, Madea B, Moore I, Morland J, Oopfdal SH, Rasten-Almqvist P, Schlaud M, Sidebotham P, Skullerud K, Stoltenburg L, Rognum TO (2007) Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)—standardised investigations and classification: recommendation. Forensic Sci Int 165:129–143
Bogusz MJ (ed) (2011) Quality assurance in the pathology laboratory: forensic, technical and ethical aspects. CRC Press, Boca Raton, 374 pp
Brinkmann B (1999) Harmonization of medico-legal autopsy rules. Committee of Ministers. Council of Europe. Int J Leg Med 113:1–14
Brown HG (1990) Perceptions of the autopsy: views from the lay public and program proposal. Hum Pathol 21:154–158
Burton EC, Troxclair DA, Newman WP (1998) Autopsy diagnoses of malignant neoplasms. JAMA 280:1245–1248
Bury D, Langlois N, Byard R (2012) Animal-related fatalities – part I: characteristic autopsy findings and variable causes of death associated with blunt and sharp trauma. J Forensic Sci 57:370–374
Bury D, Langlois N, Byard R (2012) Animal-related fatalities – part I: characteristic autopsy findings and variable causes of death associated with envenomation, poisoning, anaphylaxis, asphyxiation, and sepsis. J Forensic Sci 57:375–380
Cameron HM, McCoogan E (1981) A prospective study of 1152 hospital autopsies: I. Inaccuracies in death certification. J Pathol 133:273–283
Dettmeyer R (2011) Forensic histopathology. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg/New York
Di Maio VJM (1999) Gunshot wounds, 2nd edn. CRC Press, Boca Raton
DiMaio DJ, DiMaio VJM (2001) Forensic pathology, 2nd edn. CRC Press, Boca Raton
Ebert LC, Ptacek W, Fürst M, Ross S, Thali MJ, Hatch G (2012) Minimally invasive postmortem technology. J Forensic Sci 57:528–530
Ehrlich E, Maxeiner H, Lange J (2003) Postmortem radiological investigation of bridging vein ruptures. Leg Med 5(Suppl I):225–227, Tokyo
Ferrara SD, Bajanowski T, Cecchi R, Snenghi R, Case C, Viel G (2010) Bio-medicolegal guidelines and protocols: survey and future perspectives in Europe. Int J Leg Med 124:345–350
Galtés I, Rodrígez-Baeza A, Subirana M, Barbería E, Castellà J, Medallo J (2012) A proposed dissection procedure for vertebral arteries in forensic pathology. J Forensic Sci 57:212–214
Goldman L, Sayson R, Robbins S, Cohn LH, Bettman M, Weisberg M (1983) The value of the autopsy in three medical eras. N Engl J Med 308:1000–1005
Goodman NR, Goodman JL, Hofman WI (2011) Autopsy: traditional Jewish law and customs “Halacha”. Am J Forensic Med Pathol 32:300–303
Heard BJ (2001) Handbook of firearms and ballistics. Examining and interpreting forensic evidence. Wiley & Sons, Chichester
Heinemann A, Miyaishi S, Iwersen S, Schmoldt A, Püschel K (1998) Body-packing as cause of unexpected sudden death. Forensic Sci Int 92:1–10
Hoppe JD, Scriba PC (2005) Bekanntmachung der Bundesärztekammer: Stellungnahme zur “Autopsie”. Dtsch Ärztebl 192:C 1498–C 2505
Kernbach-Wighton G, Kuhlenort A, Roßbach K, Fischer G (1996) Bone-dust in autopsies: reduction of spreading. Forensic Sci Int 83:95–103
Kurosu M, Mukai T, Ohno Y (2003) Regulations and guidelines on handling human materials obtained from medico-legal autopsy for use in research. Leg Med (Tokyo) 5(Suppl I):S76–S78
Lecomte D, Fornes P (1998) Suicide among youth and young adults, 15 through 24 years of age. A report of 392 cases from Paris, 1989-1996. J Forensic Sci 43:964–968
Lundberg GD (1998) Low-tech autopsies in the era of high-tech medicine. JAMA 280:1273–1278
Matshes E, Joseph J (2012) Pathologic evaluation of the cervical spine following surgical and chiropractic interventions. J Forensic Sci 57:113–119
Maujean G, Malicier D, Fanton L (2012) Air, water, and surface bacterial contamination in a University-Hospital Autopsy Room. J Forensic Sci 57:381–385
Maxeiner H (1997) Detection of ruptured cerebral bridging veins at autopsy. Forensic Sci Int 89:103–110
Maxeiner H (2001) Demonstration and interpretation of bridging vein ruptures in cases of infantile subdural bleeding. J Forensic Sci 46:85–93
Nadesan K (1997) The importance of the medico-legal autopsy. Malays J Pathol 19:105–109
Ninomiya K, Ihama Y, Yamagata K, Fukasawa M, Nagai T, Fuke C, Miyazaki T (2013) An autopsy case of decompression sickness: hemorrhages in the fat tissue and fat embolism. Rom J Leg Med 21:23–26
Nolte KB, Taylor DG, Richmond JY (2002) Biosafety considerations for autopsy. Am J Forensic Med Pathol 23:107–122
Oehmichen M, Auer RN, König HG (2006) Forensic neuropathology and associated neurology. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg/New York
Oliver WR, Leone L (2012) Digital UV/IR photography for tattoo evaluation in mummified remains. J Forensic Sci 2012:1134–1136
Oppewal F, Meyboom-de Jong B (2001) Family members’ experience of autopsy. Fam Pract 18:304–308
Patel F (1995) Ancillary autopsy—forensic histopathology and toxicology. Med Sci Law 35:25–30
Plattner T, Scheurer E, Zollinger U (2002) The response of relatives to medicolegal investigations and forensic autopsy. Am J Forensic Sci Med Pathol 23:345–348
Pollak S, Rothschild MA (2004) Gunshot injuries as a topic of medicolegal research in the German-speaking countries from the beginning of the 20th century up to the present time. Forensic Sci Int 144:201–210
Pollak S, Saukko PJ (2003) Atlas of forensic medicine (CD-ROM). Elsevier, Amsterdam
Püschel K, Lieske K, Hashimoto Y et al (1987) HIV infection in forensic autopsy cases. Forensic Sci Int 34:169–174
Ramsthaler F, Verhoff MA, Gehl A, Kettner M (2010) The novel H1N1/swine-origin influenza virus and its implications for autopsy practice. Int J Leg Med 124:171–173
Royal College of Pathologists (1993) Guidelines for postmortem reports. Royal College of Pathologists, London
Sanner M (1994) A comparison of public attitudes toward autopsy, organ donation and anatomic dissection. JAMA 271:284–288
Saternus KS, Kernbach-Wighton G (2006) Understanding cervical spinal trauma: biomechanics and pathophysiology. In: Cassar-Pullicino VN, Imhof H (eds) Spinal trauma: an imaging approach. Thieme-Verlag, Stuttgart/New York, pp 15–35
Saternus KS, Koebke J (1979) Das Verletzungsmuster des Zungenbeins. Z Rechtsmed 84:19–35
Saternus KS, Madea B (eds) (2007) Forensic autopsy. Handling of the human corpse, vol 36, Research in legal medicine. Schmidt-Römhild, Lübeck
Saternus KS, Kernbach-Wighton G, Oehmichen M (2000) The shaking trauma in infants—kinetics chains. Forensic Sci Int 109:203–213
Saukko P, Pollak S (2000) Postmortem examination: procedures and standards. In: Siegel JA, Saukko P, Knupfer GC (eds) Encyclopedia of forensic sciences, vol 3. Academic Press, San Diego/San Francisco/New York/Boston/London/Sydney/Tokyo, pp 1272–1275
Sauvageau A, Racette S (2008) Child and adolescent victims in forensic autopsy: a 5-year retrospective study. J Forensic Sci 53:699–708
Sheaff MT, Hopster DJ (2003) Post mortem technique handbook, 2nd edn. Springer, London/Berlin/Heidelberg
Sommer A, Theile A (1996) Einführung in die Obduktionstechnik. Fischer-Verlag, Stuttgart/Jena/New York
Verhoff MA, Schütz H, Heidorn F, Riße M, Dettmeyer R, Bajanowski T (2007) Redommendations on the Forensic Pediatric Work Group of the German Society of Legal Medicine: the legal medical autopsy of newborns, infants and toddlers specimen recovery and storage for histology, forensic toxicology, DNA-analysis and entomology. Rechtsmedizin 17:95–102
Yeh I (1997) Atlas of microscopic artifacts in foreign material. Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2014 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Dettmeyer, R.B., Verhoff, M.A., Schütz, H.F. (2014). Autopsy (Syn. Postmortem Examination, Necroscopy). In: Forensic Medicine. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-38818-7_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-38818-7_4
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-38817-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-38818-7
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)