Skip to main content

An Experimental Study of Pruning Techniques in Handwritten Text Recognition Systems

  • Conference paper
Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis (IbPRIA 2013)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNIP,volume 7887))

Included in the following conference series:

Abstract

Handwritten Text Recognition is a problem that has gained attention in the last years mainly due to the interest in the transcription of historical documents. However, the automatic transcription of handwritten documents is not error free and human intervention is typically needed to correct the results of such systems. This interactive scenario demands real-time response. In this paper, we present a study comparing how different pruning techniques affect the performance of two freely available decoding systems, HTK and iATROS. These two systems are based on Hidden Markov Models and n-gram language models. However, while HTK only considers 2-gram language models, iATROS works with n-grams of any order. In this paper, we also carried out a study about how the use of n-grams of size greater than two can enhance results over 2-grams. Experiments are reported with the publicly available ESPOSALLES database.

This work was partially supported by the Spanish MEC under the STraDA research project (TIN2012-37475-C02-01), the MITTRAL (TIN2009-14633-C03-01) project, the FPU scholarship AP2010-0575, by the Generalitat Valenciana under the grant Prometeo/2009/014, and through the EU 7th Framework Programme grant tranScriptorium (Ref:600707).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Jelinek, F.: Statistical Methods for Speech Recognition. MIT Press (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Kavallieratou, E., Stamatatos, E.: Improving the quality of degraded document images. In: Proc. of 2nd IEEE Int. Conf. on Document Image Analysis for Libraries, Washington DC, USA, pp. 340–349 (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Kneser, R., Ney, H.: Improved backing-off for n-gram language modeling. Proc. of the ICASSP 1995, pp. 181–184 (1995)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Luján-Mares, M., Tamarit, V., Alabau, V., Martínez-Hinarejos, C.D.: i Gadea, M.P., Sanchis, A., Toselli, A.H.: iATROS: A speech and handwritting recognition system. In: V Jornadas en Tecnologías del Habla, pp. 75–78 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Ney, H., Mergel, D., Noll, A., Paeseler, A.: Data driven search organization for continuous speech recognition. Trans. Sig. Proc. 40(2), 272–281 (1992)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Romero, V., Pastor, M., Toselli, A.H., Vidal, E.: Criteria for handwritten off-line text size normalization. In: Proc. of the 5th Int. Conf. on Visualization, Imaging and Image, Spain (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Romero, V., Fornés, A., Serrano, N., Sánchez, J.A., Toselli, A.H., Frinken, V., Vidal, E., Lladós, J.: The ESPOSALLES database: An ancient marriage license corpus for off-line handwriting recognition. Pattern Recognition (in press, 2013)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Steinbiss, V., Tran, B.H., Ney, H.: Improvements in beam search. In: ICSLP (1994)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Toselli, A.H., et al.: Integrated Handwriting Recognition and Interpretation using FS Models. Int. Journal on Pat. Rec. and Artif. Intel. 18(4), 519–539 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Toselli, A.H., Romero, V., Pastor, M., Vidal, E.: Multimodal interactive transcription of text images. Pattern Recognition 43(5), 1814–1825 (2010)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  11. Vidal, E., Rodríguez, L., Casacuberta, F., García-Varea, I.: Interactive pattern recognition. In: Popescu-Belis, A., Renals, S., Bourlard, H. (eds.) MLMI 2007. LNCS, vol. 4892, pp. 60–71. Springer, Heidelberg (2008)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  12. Young, S.J., Kershaw, D., Odell, J., Ollason, D., Valtchev, V., Woodland, P.: The HTK Book Version 3.4. Cambridge University Press (2006)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Martín-Albo, D., Romero, V., Vidal, E. (2013). An Experimental Study of Pruning Techniques in Handwritten Text Recognition Systems. In: Sanches, J.M., Micó, L., Cardoso, J.S. (eds) Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis. IbPRIA 2013. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 7887. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-38628-2_66

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-38628-2_66

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-38627-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-38628-2

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics