Abstract
In the last century, rapid urbanization throughout São Paulo’s greater metropolitan region has resulted in a population of nearly 20 million. While this makes São Paulo one of the most vibrant cities in South America, it also creates a condition in which established mobility infrastructure is no longer effective. Asymmetrical urbanization has also perpetuated marginalization and the development of informal settlements. As a result, São Paulo is experiencing both physical and social immobility. In order to address these complex conditions, it is necessary to expand the definition of sustainability beyond environmental concerns to include both economic and social sustainability. Urban Parangolé generates a framework for this comprehensive approach – a framework that allows conflicting urban forces to engage in a productive coexistence without a homogenizing effect. Integrated mobility infrastructure can serve as the interface for this renewed interaction. Using São Paulo as a testing ground, Urban Parangolé fills a dual role. It is a set of innovative mobility strategies that also serves as a framework in which to insert ecological, social, and economic viability into the city. Urban challenges are no longer seen as inevitable symptoms of growing cities, but as a formative basis for alternative and sustainable urban models.
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Notes
- 1.
This essay expands on the exhibition of the same name developed by Urban-Think Tank for the Audi Urban Futures Initiative, 2012.
- 2.
While the center of the city is losing significant population, the share of the population in the peripheral areas is still growing very fast, representing 19 % of the population in 1991 and 30 % in 2000. As a result, the region still demands strong public investment in transportation and other urban infrastructure, with considerable environmental impact for the city. See: Haroldo Torres, Humberto Alves and Maria Aparecida De Oliveira, “São Paulo peri-urban dynamics: some social causes and environmental consequences.” Environment and Urbanization 2007 19: 209, 210, accessed January 17, 2013, http://eau.sagepub.com/content/19/1/207
- 3.
Hermann Knowflacher, Philipp Rode and Geetam Tiwari, “How Roads Kill Cities,” Living the Endless City, edited by Ricky Burdett and Deyan Sudjic. Phaidon Press Ltd, 2011: 343.
- 4.
Raquel Rolnik and Danielle Klintowitz, “Mobilidade cidade de Sao Paulo,” Estudios Avancados 25(71), 2011.
- 5.
As presented by the Secretaria Municipal de Habitação (SEHAB) of São Paulo, August 2010.
- 6.
Alexandre Gomide, “Mobility and the Urban Poor,” South America Newspaper: South American Cities: Securing an Urban Future, Urban Age, 2008, 53.
- 7.
Fabio Casiroli, “Getting to Work,” Living the Endless City, edited by Ricky Burdett and Deyan Sudjic. Phaidon Press Ltd, 2011: 387.
- 8.
Hermann Knowflacher, Philipp Rode and Geetam Tiwari, “How Roads Kill Cities,” Living the Endless City, edited by Ricky Burdett and Deyan Sudjic. Phaidon Press Ltd, 2011: 340.
- 9.
High risk zones are defined primarily by physical dangers, such as erosion, structural failure, and physical instability, and by social vulnerability, a metric used by the city to describe the social and economic health of an area.
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© 2014 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
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Sherman, L., Contento, M., Brillembourg, A., Klumpner, H. (2014). Urban Parangolé. In: Rassia, S., Pardalos, P. (eds) Cities for Smart Environmental and Energy Futures. Energy Systems. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-37661-0_7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-37661-0_7
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